• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1982

Ectomycorrhizal fungi in a pine stand were identified by collecting mushrooms from forest floor of a 24-year-old Pinus $rigida-rigida\;{\times}\;taeda$ stand in Suweon from late June to early November of 1981. Of over 70 different mushrooms collected, 26 were identified by species names and 20 were classified into genus categories. A total of 17 different fungal genera were represented in this pine stand. Most commonly observed mushrooms belonged to the genera of Russula, Lactarius, Boletus and Amanita. The genus Hebeloma and following four species are listed as new genus and species, respectively, which have not been reported previously in Korea: Inocybe fastigiata, Phylloporus bellus, Lactarius glaucescens, and Lactarius subvellereus. The Phylloporus bellus has been incorrectly identified in Korea as Phylloporus rhodoxanthus.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 1987

Twenty species of higher fungi growing in the wild were collected and studied extensively for their lectin activities by using erythrocytes of human, rabbit and mouse blood. In total, 14 species demonstrated hemagglutination with some kinds of erythrocytes. Of twenty species, eight (Boletus edulis, B. splendidus, Clavaria zollingeri, Lactaritis subzonarius, L. volemus, Russula cutefracta, Pholiota squarrosa, and P. aspera) were shown lymphoagglutination with murine splenic lymphocytes. Protein contents were estimated from the crude lectin fraction. Above mentioned eight species contained relatively high amounts of proteins than other mushrooms. Since these species had coincidently, hiig emagglutinating activity as well, we could define them as lectin-containeing mushrooms. Some species also contained mitogenic lectins toward murine splenic lymphocytes.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.48-69
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• 1987

To understand host ranges and host specificity of ectomycorrhizal fungi and fungus specificity of host tree species, higher fungi from pure forest stands of following twelve tree species were collected for six years from 1981 to 1986: Pinus densiflora, P. rigida, P. koraiensis, Picea koraiensis, Larix leptolepis, Abies holophylla, Populus $alba{\times}glandulosa$, Castanea crenata, Quercus aliena, Q. acutissima, Q. mongolica, and Betula platyphylla. A total of 196 ectomycorrhizal species with 8 varieties in 48 genera were identified. Thirty-one species with one variety belonged to Russula, 22 species with 5 varieties to Amanita, 18 species with one variety to Lactarius. Fungi belonging to above three gepera, Laccaria, and Cantharellus had a relatively wide host range. Laccaria laccata was collected under all the 12 tree species, Amanita vaginata group under 11 tree species, Laccaria amethystina and Russula foetens under 10 tree species, Lactarius gerardii and Russula sororia under 9 tree species, and Amanita agglutinata, Cantharellus cibarius, Russula bella, and R. virescens under 8 tree species. Above 10 fungal species may be classified to have a wide host range. Following fungi were collected under 4 to 5 tree species of both conifers and broad-leaved trees: Amanita citrina, Boletus bicolor, B. erythropus, Lactarius piperatus, L. subzonar­ius, and Russula pseudodelica. Above fungi may be classified to have an intermediate host range. Chroogomphus, Gomphidius, Rhizopogon, and Suillus were collected only under Pinaceae and may be classified to have a narrow host range. Particularly Suillus grevillei was collected only under Larix leptolepis, and appeared to have high host specificity. A total of 83 ectomycorrhizal species were collected under Abies holophylla, 66 species under Pinus densiflora, 50 species under Pinus rigida, 49 species under Pinus koraiensis, 46 species under Quercus aliena, and 23 fungal species under Larix leptolepis. Particularly, Larix leptolepis was associated with different fungal flora, with fewer species of Amanita, Lactarius and Russula, and more species of Laccaria. Most host tree species surveyerl in the present study appeared to have low fungus specificity for ectomycorrhizal formation.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 2013

The nitrogen source-requirement and preference of ectomycorrhizal fungi (42 strains belong to 13 genera) collected from Korean forests were investigated by incubating mycelial cells in four nitrogen source test media for 56 days. The nitrogen requirement was relatively high in five strains (Heimioporus japonicas (KFRI 1224), Suillus luteus (KFRI 1232), Tylopilus castaneiceps (KFRI 1383), Suillus granulates (KFRI 1997), Rhizopogon sp. (KFRI 1434)) in comparison with other strains. Forty-five percent of ectomycorrhizal strains including Boletus griseus (KFRI 1362) preferred the ammonium-form of inorganic nitrogen source for mycelial growth, whereas thirty-six percent of tested strains including Suillus grevillei (KFRI 1125) preferred the nitrate-form as an inorganic nitrogen source.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.4 s.83
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• pp.354-361
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• 1997

The antifungal activities of 153 extracts from 51 species of Korean mushroom on six phytopathogenic fungi were investigated. The powder of fruit-body of each mushroom was extracted with petroleum ether, 80% ethanol and distilled water. The water extracts of four mushrooms including Amanita virosa showed antifungal activities on Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum graminicola, Fusarium solani, Idriella bolleyie. The 80% ethanol extracts of seven mushrooms including Boletus auripes showed antibiotic activities against A. alternata, C. gramincola, Cylindrocarpon destructans, F. solani, F. oxysporum cucumerinum, and I. bolleyie. The petroleum ether extracts of six mushrooms including Amanita citrina showed antibiotic activities against A. alternata, C. destructans, and C. graminicola. The 102 extracts of 34 mushrooms including Agaricus arvensis didn't show antibiotic activities.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.2 s.73
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• pp.176-189
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• 1995

For the development of antibiotics from Korean mushrooms, the biological activities of extracts from 98 species of mushrooms and from 25 mushrooms were tested against 9 different Gram-negative bacteria and 8 fungi, respectively. Fruiting bodies of each mushrooms were extracted with petroleum ether (P), 80% ethanol (E), and distilled water (H) in that order. P, E, or H extracts from 20 mushroom samples exhibited the antibacterial activity against 8 different Gram-negative bacteria containing Klebsiella pneumoniae, selectively. Among the mushroom extracts with antibiotic activity, E extracts of Boletus umbriniporus, Armillariella tabescens, Rhodophyllus sinuatus, and Suillus luteus showed various antibiotic activities against several bacteria. E extracts of Abortiporus biennis, Phellinus gilvus, and Polyporus dispansus are highly active against Salmonella typhi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was all $10\;{\mu}g/ml$. E extract of Armillariella tabescens showed the antifungal activity against Trichopyton mentagrophytes, and its MIC was $300\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.84-86
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of collected mushroom in Korea. Anti-inflammatory effects analysis was followed by MTT test and nitric oxide inhibition activity. Thirty mushrooms were screened and twelve mushrooms were selected about MTT assay and three mushrooms were good at nitric oxide inhibition test. In our result, three mushrooms: Amanita virgineoides, Tylopilus neofelleus, Armillaria tabescens were good resource for anti-inflammatory effects and to be followed more research about relat.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.196-208
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• 1994

Some additional fungi were collected during two field trips to Ullung Island in July and September of 1992. Through the observation of agaric fungi, 36 mushrooms were identified to the species or subspecies and are listed below. Among them, three species and one subspecies, Mycena luteopallens, Mycena macrocystidiata, Amanita hemibapha ssp. similis, and Pluteus petasatus, were confirmed new to Korea and are registered here with descriptions.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.1 s.72
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• pp.14-27
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• 1995

For the searching of antibiotics in the mushroom, we studied on the screening of antiyeast and antifungal components. The powder of fruiting body of each mushroom was extracted with petroleum ether, 80% ethanol, and distilled water in that order, respectively. The antifungal activity of each extract from 32 different mushrooms were tested. The petroleum ether or ethanol extracts from fruiting bodies of Boletus auripes, Leccinum extremiorientale, Gomphus floccosus, Phaeolus schweinitzii, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Marasmius maximus showed antiyeast activities. The ethanol extract of Gyrophora esculenta showed an antiyeast activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, and its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was $600\;{\mu}g/ml$. The petroleum ether or ethanol extracts from fruiting bodies of Amanita citrina, Leccinum extremiorientale, Gomphus floccosus, Phaeolus schweinitzii, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Marasmius maximus and Gyrophora esculenta showed antifungal activities. The ethanol extract of Gomphus floccoscus showed an antifungal activity against Microsporum gypseum, and its MIC was $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. The ethanol extract of Gyrophora esculenta showed antifungal activities against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Pyricularia oryzae, and theirs MIC were $300\;{\mu}g/ml,\;600\;{\mu}g/ml\;and\;600\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The petroleum ether extract of Gyrophrora esculenta also showed an antifungal activity against Microsporum gypseum, and its MIC was $300\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.164-170
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• 2011

Amanita hemibapha is a kind of mycorrhizal mushroom which has a relation with host plants and environmental factors. For the purpose of studying the relationship between environmental factors and mushrooms, in this study we conducted to investigate the soil physicochemical properties, the distribution of plants and the diversity of mushrooms in Gwangyang, Chungdo and Daegu. Soil texture in habitate of Amanita hemibapha was Sandy Loam and Sandy Clay Loam which contains a high rate of sand. Soil pH was approximately 5.0 in all study sites. Total nitrogen contents, C/N ratio and available phosphate($P_2O_5$) were the highest at the Chungdo. However, Gwangyang and Chungdo represent similar Cation Exchange Capacity(C.E.C) and Daegu has much less than other areas. Exchangeable cations, $Ca^{2+}$ content was higher at Gwangyang and Chungdo than Daegu and $Na^+$ content was the highest at Chungdo among three sites. Daegu has much $Mg^{2+}$ contents followed by Chungdo and Gwangyang. Interestingly, $K^+$ content listed in reverse order of $Mg^{2+}$ at Gwangyang, Chungdo and Daegu. The main woody plants in study sites are confirmed as Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata and Pinus densiflora. Quercus species are found as a common species in three study sites. Lastly, 8 family and 12 species of mushrooms are emerged in Gwangyang, also 8 family and 12 species and 5 family and 10 species are found in Chungdo and Daegu, respectively. Amanita pantherina, Boletus edulis, Tylopilus felleus and Marasmius maximus, which found in study sites, are also kind of mycorrhizal mushroom same as A. hemibaph. By using correspondence analysis, Q. mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. variabilis and C. laxiflora are expected to as a host plant of A. hemibapha.