• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.114-120
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• 2001

Objectives : Man adapts himself to nature, so accordingly as he grows up, changes of body composition appear. This study measured the changes of body compositions on the ground of Sasang constitution and seasons Methods : 253 middle school students who live in Busan were studied from the 20th of March, 1999 to the 20th of March, 2001. We measured height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, six times during that period. Results : According as they grew up, total body water, muscle area, body weight, BMI (Body Mass Index), BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate), ACM (Arm Muscle Circumference), and BCM (Body Cell Mass) increased, but fat body weight ratio decreased. From March to June, total body water, muscle area, height, ACM, and BCM increased. From September to December fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio increased as compared with other seasons. Height of Soyangin and BMI of both Soyangin and Taeumin increased more than those of other groups, with statistical significance Conclusions : The growth of man is adapting oneself to changes of nature, and it corresponds to the theory of (correspondence between man and universe).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1420-1431
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• 2001

This research was done to classify lower body types by direct measurements, side and back view types from waistline to gluteal furrow line individually, and to analyze correspondence these lower body types with side and back view types from waistline to gluteal furrow line. The subjects of this study were 191 female college students from 18 to 25 years old residing in Pusan urban area. Type 1(long and slim) of lower body types by direct measurements was correspond with Type 1(slim curve) and Type 4(slim and protrusive hip) of side view and Type 3(wide and curve) and Type 4(trapezoid shape) of back view. Type 2(short and thick) of lower body types was correspond with Type 3(thick and droopy hip) of side view and Type 1(wide and straight) of back view. Type 3(short and slim) of lower body types was correspond with Type 2(slim and flat hip) of side view and Type 2(narrow and curve) of back view.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.322-333
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• 2019

The purpose of this thesis is to show the historical context of tongue-viscera correspondence scheme based on as wide investigation as possible. For this purpose, we collected and investigated 35 books related to tongue diagnosis. As a result, we faound the following: There were some tentative trials to associate viscera or viscera meridians with tongue areas since shown in the Effective formulae of inherited medical works (世醫得效方, 1337). The main stream of tongue-viscera correspondence scheme was the form in which the apex, the center, and the root of tongue are associated with Heart, Spleen (and Stomach), and Kidney. On the viscera correspondence to the sides of tongue, there had been two streams. The first one is originated from the Upper-most Book on Shanghan (傷寒第一書, 1780), in which the sides of tongue are assumed to be associated with Liver and Gall-bladder. The second one is originated from the Ikeda Family's Chant on the Tongue (池田家舌函口訣, 1807), in which the left side and the right side of tongue are assumed to be associated with Liver and Lung separately. The former type have been accepted as the standard form in modern traditional Asian medicine education. In addition to the above types, three other correspondence schemes were also existed, but have disappeared now. These days, some new correspondence schemes are being suggested based on new approaches.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1994

Model' is one of the well-used, but poorly understood word in the neurobehavioral research. After Darwin's evolutionary theory, it has been generally believed that human is different from animals in terms of the complexity, not of the essential. This notion could be applied to the mind as well as body. Therefore, it became possible to establish animal models in the scientific field of mind. Experimental analysis of the animal behavior becomes an important area for establishing an animal model of human psychopathology because behavior is the ambassador of the mind. A model emphasizes a structural correspondence between sets of causally related variables in two different domains such as the animal and the human. The first selection of elements of the two domains in correspondence called the initial analogy. Once the initial analogy is formed. causally related variables in the two domains are examined and arrayed The structural parallel is the formal analogy of a model, and similarities between corresponding variables are called material analogy. Models may serve any of three major functions ; heuristic, evidential and representative. In many cases, utilizing models may be more practical than directly assessing the domain of primary interest, since technical and/or ethical problems are more serious in the human domain. Although modeling is important to study human psychopathology, rare animal models approved to be a good model for the human psychopathology up to now. Developing the appropriate model is urgent to solve many problems raised from human psychopathology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.692-704
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• 2007

Recently, Basic patterns with excellent body fitness and automation availability are required to be developed in order to automate the patterns of women's clothes. In this study, this reference points, reference lines and segments were fixed onto 3D scan data for the lower body the women in their twenties, they were directly spread out to be 2D flat pattern to facilitate development into the design of slacks adhered closely to the human body such as special and highly-functional clothes, and then slacks 2D pattern was developed for the purpose of seeking scientific approach to the development into basic form slacks and 3d emotional pattern. For conversion of 3D pattern into 2D flat pattern, reference points and segments were created by using Rapid Form of 3D shape analysis software, and triangle mesh of the body surface of the created shape was developed with Auto CAD 2005. The correspondence between slacks and human body was examined by the fixation of major reference lines. Specially, the wearing characteristics of slacks were considered by the fixation of side lines in consideration of posture. As a result of using the way of development to constantly maintain the length while 3D triangle mesh is converted into 2D flat mesh, the shape was shown to be excellently reproduced, and the area of flat pattern was increased compared to the shape of parting plane. Also, the sunk-in curve like the brief line of front crotch length needed a cutting line when it was closely adhered, when mesh was overlapped, and the pattern area was smaller compared to the actual shape.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.276-290
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• 2008

This study examined mothers' perceptions on nutrition education for elementary school students according to demographical factors. Questionnaires were distributed to the mothers of 511 elementary school students in the Busan area. According to the results, 50% of the respondents felt that the preschool years or the lower elementary grades were proper times to start nutrition education. Furthermore, they preferred school dietitians (55.4%), outside professional dietitians (16.3%), nurse teachers (13.8%), class room teachers (11.7%), and parents (2.8%) as nutrition educators. The mothers who were college and university graduates had significantly (p<0.001) higher scores regarding the necessity of nutrition education for student growth when compared to mothers who were high schools graduates. However, the high school graduates had significantly (p<0.001) higher scores than the college and university graduates with respect to nutrition education for correcting obesity. The order of importance for nutrition education curriculum content was as follows: eating habits, food safety, health and disease, maintaining ideal body weight, food waste and environment, basic food knowledge, and traditional foods. The college and university graduates, and those of 'A' group schools, had significantly (p<0.001) higher importance scores for proper eating habits. Mothers having experience with nutrition education comprised 43.9% of the subjects, and there was a significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage of employed mothers as compared to unemployed. Eighty-six percent of the respondents wanted to receive nutrition education. For more effective learning, they preferred in-person group education rather than correspondence education using e-mails or printed materials from schools.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-33
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• 1999

The aim of this study was to investigate fatigue scores, physical complaints, farmer's syndrome and to find out its risk factors among farmers. The questionnaire survey was conducted to 177 vinyl house workers and 213 farmers who lived in Chongyang gun of Chungnam province from February 24 to March 15, 1998. The obtained main results were followings; 1. The fatigue scores were not significantly different between vinyl house workers and farmers. The fatigue scores were higher in female group, lower education group, shorter sleep hours group(under 8 hours), nonsmoker, nondrinker group than otherwise groups. There was not statistically significant difference between the mean fatigue scores and age, eating habit and body mass index. Duration of farming years in vinyl house and farming area and number of farming workers in farmers family showed a slight relationship with the fatigue score. 2. Health scores were not different between vinyl house workers and farmers. The health states was poorer in female group, lower education group, shorter sleep hours group(under 8 hours), nonsmoker group, and nondrinker group than otherwise groups by health scores. Health scores were not related with age, eating habit and body mass index. 3. The proportion of farmer's syndrome was 49.1% in vinyl house workers and 52.1% in farmers. That was higher in female than in male and the higher proportion was found in the lower education group of vinyl house workers and farmers. The proportion of farmer's syndrome was higher in the group of smoker, alcohol drinkers and over or under weight in vinyl house workers, but did not differ in those of farmers. 4. By multiple logistic regression, sex and sleep hours were risk factors affecting to farmer's syndrome. Odds ration for female group was 2.53 (reference group was male) and that for over 8 sleep hours group was 0.74 (reference group was under 8 sleep hours group). 5. The chief complaints by CMI were "I am difficult to work due to aching the back and the limbs", "I feel prickle pain in the limbs", "I sometimes have a twinge in the limbs", "I am not quite well as having a pain in the limbs", "I feel weaker grasping power than before" in both of vinyl house workers and farmers. Vinyl house workers more frequently pointed out skin darkening, skin disease and hemorrhoids than farmers. 6. According to correspondence analysis, skin disease of vinyl house workers was related to vinyl house farmers and digestive and general symptom was associated with male and endocrinological and muscular symptom was associated with female in vinyl house workers. And it revealed that farmer's syndrome was highly related with female and farmers relatively. By the above results, the fatigue scores, perceive health and farmer's syndrome did not much differ in two groups, but aged female farmers should be considered as female farmers represented higher fatigue score, farmers syndrome and poorer perceive health than male farmers in addition to farmer's syndrome was increased with ageing process. Also feeble but distinguished symptoms which might be due to working environment were observed especially in vinyl house workers and that should be considered and investigated continuously.