• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.361-366
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• 1999

Intermaxillary fixation is routine procedure to oral and maxillofacial area in jaw bone fracture, surgical correction of jaw deformity, osseus reconstruction of jaw. After transoral surgery, accompanied by intermaxillary fixation, dysphagia or airway obstruction may be followed due to blood clot, vomitus, or laryngeal spasm resulting from irritation by blood or secretions. Lingual or pharyngeal edema is other contributing factors of airway obstruction. In addition, intermaxillary fixation itself may cause obstruction of airway. In this study, pulmonary function test and arterial blood gas analysis were evaluated before and after intermaxillary fixation in 30 patients suffered from mandibular fractures. Comparative analysis was performed by estimated values. The results were as followed. 1. The spirometric values of FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75% without intermaxillary fixation were reduced from 97.57%, 85.1%, 98.3,% to 71.7%, 66.5%, 61.2% with intermaxillary fixation, indicating the presence of obstructive pulmonary impairment. 2. Spirometric value of MVV, as the most influencing value of sensitive to extrapulmonary factors, was changed from 84.5% to 46.48%. 3. After intermaxillary fixation, the spirometric value of FVC, as indicator of restrictive pattern of pulmonary function, was not reduced significantly as measured from 94.47% to 89.97%. 4. $O_2$ saturation of arterial blood gas analysis without intermaxillary fixation was 97.86%. While intermaxillary fixation, $O_2$ saturation was 97.47%. The results indicate that careful airway management is mandatory undergoing intermaxillary fixation of various oral and maxillofacial surgery.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.531-537
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• 2022

This study evaluated the effects of dehulled lupin kernel (DLK) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, fecal microbiota and fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs. A total of 108 growing pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) with an average initial body weight (IBW) of 24.49 ± 3.2 kg were allocated to one of three dietary treatments (5, 10, and 20 % DLK) according to sex and BW in a randomized complete block design for 6 wk. Each dietary treatment consisted of 9 replication pens with 4 pigs per pen (2 gilts and 2 borrows). The results show that there were no significant differences in growth performance and nutrient digestibility among the treatments (p > 0.05). However, pigs fed the DLK20 diet had a higher BUN compared with those fed the DLK10 diet (p < 0.05). No effects were observed on the fecal microbiota and fecal noxious gas emission among the treatments. In conclusion, the inclusion of 20% DLK had no adverse effects on the performance in growing pigs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2001

A ten-year-old, male cat presented with recent loss of body weight, depression, vomiting, anorexia, polydipsia, and polyuria. General physical findings included depression, weakness, severe dehydration and a strong acetone odor on the breath. A complete blood count and serum biochemical profiles were leukocytosis, hyperglycemia (286 mg/dl), hypokalemia (2.6 mEq/L), hyponatremia, and high serum fructosamine (600 $\mu$mol/L). In blood gas analysis the cat had acidosis (pH 7.127, p$CO_2$26.7 mmHg). In urinalysis glycosuria and ketouria were appeared. On the basis of clinical signs, serum chemistry, blood gas analysis and urinalysis, diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed. Treatment included subcutaneous administration of protamine zinc insulin (0.75 U/head) and intravenous administration of 0.9% saline. Potassium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate was added to the fluids. Serum fructosamine for assessment of glycemic control was measured on occasion calls. On day 296, the patient improved clinically and did not experience any problems resulting from diabetic ketoacidosis.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06e
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• pp.297-300
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• 2002

In this study, we implement the potable blood gas analyzer measuring pH, pCO$_2$and pCO$_2$of the arterial blood. The implemented system by this study is divided into hardware and software part and also the hardware portion is parted by mechanism and electronic circuit unit. The system program is composed of operating, washing, correcting and measuring program. And to correct the system, two-point calibration method is used, one-point calibration method is also added for more accuracy, and system program is coded. For verifying the implemented system, We examine to response property of each electrode. And evaluate accuracy of the system using standard reagent and was construed as statistical.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 1995

High frequency Jet ventilation (HFJV) via cricothyroid membrane puncture contols frequency of ventilation as 20-200/min and persuits adequate gas exchange. HFJV was known to have advantages such as improvement of PaO$_2$, lesser barotrauma, stable hemodynamic effects, good operative field and lesser movement of head. The purpose of this study was to clarify the advantages of HFJV in cases of microlaryngeal surgery which operating time was expected even within 30 minutes. Twenty-eight patients were divided two groups : 1)control group : general endotracheal Intubation anesthesia. 2)experimental group : HFJV via cricothyroid membrane puncture with intravenous anesthesia, frequency 40/min, I/E ratio 40%, driving pressure 40 psi. We analyzed blood pressure, arterial blood gas, score of general condition and recovery time after operation. In conclusion, HFJV via cricothyroid membrane puncture had a good score of general condition and rapid recovery of consciousness, although some accumulation of P$CO_2$and elevation of blood pressure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.174-174
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• 2012

The nature of feed gas is essential for the active species formed in the nonthermal plasma jets, which would induce various biological phenomena. We investigated the different physiological effects of atmospheric pressure soft-plasma jets on Esherichia coli and blood cells according to the feed gas. Cell death rate, growth curve, membrane molecular changes and induced genes were examined. The relationship between cellular reactions and active species generated by discharge will be discussed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.47-49
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• 1959

Another application of the new quantitative analytical method of prussic acid by "Microdiffusion analysis" for the determination of prussic acid in human blood was studied. The blood containing potassium cyanide was dropped in outer room of unit, and then N-sulfuric acid was added. The liberated HCN gas was absorbed into nickel sulfate solution of inner room, afterward, absorbed prussic acid was determined with EDTA by residual titration. The result was coincided with the result of Liebig Denigs' method at ordinary temperature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.451-457
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• 1992

The hollow fiber oxygenator is the most advanced one for the cardiopulmoanry bypass. They have two different types of the hollow fiber systems according to the way how the blood go through the fibers. One is inside blood flow type and the other outside type. In order to find out which is better to prevent blood cell destruction, we selected 40 valve replacing patients and divided them into 2 groups prospectively. In group I [n=20], inside blood flow type[BCM-7a], CO2 excretion is more effective than group II, that is partly because of the relative large surface area of the BCM-7. In group II [n=20], outside blood flow type [MAXIMAa], they have better quality to preserve platelet count. We also studied about several other items such as SaO2, Hemoglobin and RBC, WBC, fibrinogen, LDH, plasma hemoglobin, haptoglobulin and so on. But we cannot find any differences between two groups with any statistical meanings [p<0.05]. We conclude that both of two oxygenators are excellent in the aspects of gas exchange and blood cell preservation.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

In this article we introduce computer models that have been developed in the past to determine the concentration of metabolic gases, the oxygen and carbon dioxide, along the pulmonary circulation. The terminal concentration of these gases in the arterial blood is related with the total change of the partial pressure of the same gases in the alveoli for the time beginning with inspiration and ending with expiration. It is affected not only by the ventilation-perfusion ratio and the gas diffusion capacity of the lung membrane but also by the pulmonary defect such as shunt, dead space, diffusion impairment and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Some pathological pulmonary symptoms such as ARDS and CDPD can be understood through the mathematical models of these pulmonary dysfunctions. Quantitative study on the blood oxygenation process using various computer models is therefore of foremost importance in order to monitor not only the pulmonary health but also the cardiac output and cell metabolism. Reviewed in this paper include the basic and advanced methods that enable numerical study on the gas exchange and on the arterial oxygenation process, which might depend on the various heart and lung physiological conditions listed above.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1464-1468
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dietary complex probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, $1.0{\times}10^7$ CFU/g; Saccharomyces cerevisae, $4.3{\times}10^6$ CFU/g; Bacillus subtilis $2.0{\times}10^6$ CFU/g) on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Ninety [(Duroc${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Landrace] pigs with the average initial BW of 39.75${\pm}$1.97 kg were allocated into three treatments by a randomized complete block design. There were five pens per treatment with six pigs per pen. Dietary treatments include: 1) CON (basal diet); 2) CP1 (basal diet+complex probiotic 0.1%) and 3) CP2 (basal diet+complex probiotic 0.2%). During the entire experimental period of 6 weeks, results showed that addition of complex probiotic at the level of 0.2% to diet increased ADG significantly (p<0.05). Also, digestibilities of DM and N tended to increase, however, no significant differences were observed (p>0.05). Blood characteristics (IgG, Albumin, total protein, RBC, WBC and lymphocyte) of pigs were not affected (p>0.05) by complex probiotic supplementation. Fecal $NH_3$-N was decreased (11.8%) significantly by the addition of complex probiotic (p<0.05), but no effects were observed on fecal acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations (p>0.05). In conclusion, results in this experiment indicated that dietary complex probiotic supplementation had a positive effect on growing pigs performance and could decrease fecal $NH_3$-N concentration.