• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1005-1010
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• 2012

We propose a novel approach to classify fingerprints using the extracted adaptive core block for improving classification performance of incomplete fingerprints in this paper. We compute representative directions from fingerprint images by the block unit and learn horizontal and vertical Markov models by deciding the center position of a fingerprint image based on the expert knowledge. The center block of a test image is the block has the highest probability after comparing the Markov model with $11{\times}11$ blocks. The proposed approach can effectively classify incomplete fingerprints using the optimal center block.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.675-684
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• 1997

The bit rate control algorithm which is capable of handing scene change is proposed. In MPEG-2 TM5, block variance is used to measure block activity. But block variance is not consistent with human visual system and does not differenciate the distribution of pixel values within the block. In target bit allocation process of TM5, global complexity, obtained by results of previous coded pictures, is used. Since I pictures are spaced relatively far apart, their complexity estimate is not very accurate. In the proposed algorithm local variance is used to measure block activity and detect scene change. Local variance, using deviation from the mean of neighboring pixels, well represents the distribution of pixel values within the block. If scene change is detected, the local variance information is used for target bit allocation process. Allocating target bits for I picture, the average local variance difference between previous and current I picture is considered. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can detect scene change very precisely and gives better picture quality and higher PSNR values than MPEG-2 TM5.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.451-462
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• 2003

In this paper, a new block iterative algorithm is presented by using the special feature of the continuous Riccati equation in the optimal shape control. Because the real-time control require that the CPU time should be as short as possible, an appropriate modal control algorithm is sought. The computing cost is less than the one of the all state feedback control. A numerical example is given to illustrate the algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.32B no.6
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• pp.821-827
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• 1995

This paper presents a process control language for constructing multiloop control system. which include advanced control algorithms. In order to make controller, this language uses function blocks that do specific operations. Then, the total control algorithm is a set of function blocks, of which each block is represented as a function code. The function code is a line of simple ASCII codes denoting function, input, output, parameters. It is possible to use variables as input/output port of any block. Compared with other language using function block concept, the proposed one enables to use advanced control algorithms undefinitely, such as fuzzy, neural network, predictive controller, etc., because vector and matrix variables as input/output can be used freely in this language. To raise flexibility, we put an intermediate level, which is C-language code, between function code and target-dependent operation code.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment with Sacro-Occipital Technique block on musculoskeletal pain caused by traffic accident by analysis of the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Neck Disability Index(NDI), Pain Disability Index(PDI), Oswestry Low back Pain Disability Index(ODI) and Short Form - McGill Pain Qusetionnaire (SF-MPQ). Methods : This study carried out on 18 patients who have received hospital treatment in Daejeon Univ. Dun-San Oriental Hospital. Control group got acupunture-therapy, herbal medication, physical therapy and Experimental group got all the therapies and treatment with Sacro-Occipital Technique block. We measured VAS, NDI, PDI, ODI and SF-MPQ on 1st day and 7 days later. Results : After being treated by our methods, Both group were improved in VAS, NDI, PDI, ODI, and SF-MPQ. Especially, Experimental group was significantly meaningful improved in VAS, PDI, and ODI. Control group was significantly meaningful improved in VAS and SF-MPQ. But, differences between control and experimental group were nonsignificant. Conclusions : The results suggest that treatment with Sacro-Occipital Technique block is not significantly meaningful but gives a positive impact on musculoskeletal pain caused by traffic accident. But further long term study in a large scale is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.260-263
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• 1996

High spinal block is a rare complication during epidural block, but it may result in serious events. 56-year-old man with gall stones was scheduled for cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. After operation, lumbar epidural catheterization was done at $T_{8-9}$ interspace for postoperative pain control. At the recovery room, initial bolus drug (0.1% bupivacaine 10 ml containing fentanyl $100{\mu}g$) was administered via epidural catheter and observed carefully. 15 minutes later, hypotension and bradycardia ouccurred. Hartman' solution was administered rapidly and ephedrine 5 mg was injected. 30 minutes after drug administration, loss of consciousness and respiratory arrest developed. Tracheal intubation was done immediately. Cardiovascular and respiratory functions were monitored continuously. The location of intrathecal catheter was confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) seen in syringe after aspiration of catheter. The patient recovered gradually and was placed in the ward 4 hours after drug administration, without any problems. He was discharged 1 week later in good health.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2008

This Study was investigated in main breakage types of 50 interlocking block pavements in apartment houses and evaluated on their performance. According to performance evaluation, maintenance control index of 9 aged interlocking block pavements ranged 7.9 to 8.9. These values meant that the condition of interlocking block pavements were still good. Therefore, it was concluded that the 10-year cycle of the block replacement recommended by Ministry of Construction & Transportation is necessary to reappraise. To objectively evaluate the performance of interlocking block pavements, this study presented the criteria of maintenance control by combining two maintenance control standards suggested by Ministry of Construction & Transportation and the Japan Interlocking Block Pavement Engineering Association. Also, this study suggested that the domestic standard is necessary to include durability standards and quality standards of joint filling materials and bedding sand layer for increasing expectation life and reducing maintenance costs of interlocking block pavements.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07e
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• pp.45-48
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• 2004

This paper presents a new method for finding the Block Pulse series coefficients, deriving the Block Pulse integration operational matrices and generalizing the integration operational matrices which are necessary for the control fields using the Block Pulse functions. In order to apply the Block Pulse function technique to the problems of state estimation or parameter identification more efficiently. it is necessary to find the more exact value of the Block Pulse series coefficients and integral operational matrices.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.198-204
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• 2003

In this paper, we presented a new algebraic iterative algorithm for the optimal control of the nonlinear systems. The algorithm is based on two steps. The first step transforms nonlinear optimal control problem into a sequence of linear optimal control problem using the quasilinearization method. In the second step, TPBCP(two point boundary condition problem) is solved by algebraic equations instead of differential equations using the new integral operational matrix of BPF(block pulse functions). The proposed algorithm is simple and efficient in computation for the optimal control of nonlinear systems and is less error value than that by the conventional matrix. In computer simulation, the algorithm was verified through the optimal control design of synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.706-712
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• 2006

Recursive Partial Least Squares(RPLS) method has been used for processing the on-line available multivariate chemical process data and modeling adaptive prediction model for process changes. However, RPLS method is unstable in PLS model updating because RPLS method updates PLS model by merging past PLS model and new data. In this study, Adaptive Predictive Partial Least Squres(APPLS) method is suggested for more sensitive adaptation to process changes. By expanding APPLS method, block-wise Adaptive Predictive Partial Least Squares(block-wise APPLS) method is suggested for a lager scale data of chemical processes. APPLS method has been applied to predict the reactor properties and the product quality of a direct esterification reactor for polyethylene terephthalate(PTT), and block-wise APPLS method has been applied to predict the cetane number using NIR Diesel Spectra data. APPLS and block-wise APPLS methods show better prediction and updating performance than RPLS method.