• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2022

After the corona virus, as non-face-to-face services are activated, domain services that guarantee integrity by embedding sensing information of the Internet of Things (IoT) with block chain technology are expanding. For example, in areas such as safety and security using CCTV, a process is required to safely update firmware in real time and to confirm that there is no malicious intrusion. In the existing safe security processing procedures, in many cases, the person in charge performing official duties carried a USB device and directly updated the firmware. However, when private blockchain technology such as Hyperledger is used, the convenience and work efficiency of the Internet of Things environment can be expected to increase. This article describes scenarios in how to prevent vulnerabilities in the operating environment of various customers such as firmware updates and device changes in a non-face-to-face environment. In particular, we introduced the optimal blockchain technique for the Internet of Things (IoT), which is easily exposed to malicious security risks such as hacking and information leakage. In this article, we tried to present the necessity and implications of security management that guarantees integrity through operation applying block chain technology in the increasingly expanding Internet of Things environment. If this is used, it is expected to gain insight into how to apply the blockchain technique to guidelines for strengthening the security of the IoT environment in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.205-206
• /
• 2018

Recently, interest in unmanned vehicles, autonomous vehicles and connected cars has increased, and autonomous driving capability is also increasing. Depending on the autonomous driving ability, the maximum number of steps is divided into 6 steps. The higher the step, the less the involvement of the person in the running, and the person does not need to be involved at the highest stage. Today's autonomous vehicles have been developed in stages 4 to 5, but solutions are not clearly defined in case of an accident, so only the test run is possible. Such an accident occurring during traveling is almost inevitable, and it is judged who has made a mistake in case of an accident, which increases the punishment for the accident. Although a black box is used to clarify such a part, it is easy to delete a photographed image, and it is difficult to solve an accident such as a hit-and-run. In this paper, we design a driving record system using black chain to solve such an accident.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2010

Pluronic as pharmaceutical excipients are listed in the US and British Pharmacopoeia. In particular, Pluronics exist as different compositions and display abundant phases as self-assembling into polymeric micelles with various morphologies depending on the aqueous solvent quality, the composition of structure, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). Pluronics were also known as a P-gp modulator, which was exploited as a reversal molecule of multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancers. We selected a lamella forming Pluronic L92 which has high hydrophobicity and relatively long PEO block among L series of Pluronics. The dispersion of L92 showed great size particles and low stability. To increase the stability and to decrease the particle size, secondary Pluronics (F68, F88, F98, F127, P85, P105, and P123) with relatively long PEO chain were added into 0.1 wt% Pluronic L92 dispersion. The stability of binary systems was increased due to incorporated long PEO chain. Their particle sizes slightly decreased to over 200~400 nm and their solubilization capacity of binary systems didn't change except Pluronic L92/P123 mixtures. The L92/P123 systems showed ca. 100 nm sizes and lowest turbidity among the all systems. The solubilization capacity of 0.1 wt% L92/0.1 wt% P123 was slightly increased compared to 0.1 wt% L92 mono system and other binary systems. These nano-sized binary systems may have potential as alternative drug delivery systems with simple preparation method and overcome the drawbacks of mono systems such as low stability and loading capacity.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
• /
• 2015.03a
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2015

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common types of degenerative dementia. As a considerable cause of Alzheimer's disease, neurotoxic plaques composed of 39 to 42 residue-long amyloid beta($A{\beta}$) fibrils have been found in the patient's brain in large quantity. A previous study found that erythrosine B (ER), a red color food dye approved by FDA, inhibits the formation of amyloid beta fibril structures. Here, in an attempt to elucidate the inhibition mechanism, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to demonstrate the conformational change of $A{\beta}40$ induced by 2 ERs in atomistic detail. During the simulation, the ERs bound to the surfaces of both N-terminus and C-terminus regions of $A{\beta}40$ rapidly. The observed stacking of the ERs and the aromatic side chains near the N-terminus region suggests a possible inhibition mechanism in which disturbing the inter-chain stacking of PHEs destabilizes beta-sheet enriched in amyloid beta fibrils. The bound ERs block water molecules and thereby help stabilizing alpha helical structure at the main chain of C-terminus and interrupt the formation of the salt-bridge ASP23-LYS28 at the same time. Our findings can help better understanding of the current and upcoming treatment studies for Alzheimer's disease by suggesting inhibition mechanism of ER on the conformational transition of $A{\beta}40$ at the molecular level.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.39C no.9
• /
• pp.757-766
• /
• 2014

To compensate signal loss due to the channel blockage in satellite communication link, we propose a cooperative communication scheme for OTM(On-The-Move) terminal in next generation satellite communication systems. The proposed scheme configures cooperation subnet with adjacent OTM terminal with the help of ground communication equipment. Shared data is spread by orthogonal spreading code, then the spread sequences are transmitted simultaneously. The receiver combines the power of received signals by EGC(Equal gain combining). The OTM terminal blockage channel is modeled by 2-state Markov chain. We evaluate the bit error rate according to the blockage channel of the channel state for the performance analysis of the proposed scheme. As a result, the proposed scheme shows better BER performance than traditional scheme with the help of subset members. In particular, the proposed scheme shows superior performance as the channel block probability is higher. However, as the number of subset members is increasing, there is a constraint because of the higher multiple access interference.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.59-81
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study analyzes the scope of due diligence and risks of banks and K-Sure in trade finance covered by EFF focusing on Moneual case, one of the latest and biggest trade finance fraud cases in Korea. Also, we suggest anti-fraud measures in trade finance on the part of banks and K-Sure in order to give them a desirable way of due diligence and reasonable risk management of export insurance. Design/methodology - Based on Moneual case of trade finance fraud, this study employs the methodology of an extended literature review and analysis of court decisions. Findings - Seoul High Court of Korea failed to decide whether K-Sure was wholly obliged to pay the insurance against the banks' EFF claims, but issued a compulsory mediation order, judging that both the banks and K-Sure were responsible by 50:50. The court may have judged that both the parties had lacked their due diligence in the trade finance. It is quite difficult for trade finance providers to manually investigate whether the transaction is suspected of trade finance fraud, so digitalization of trade finance which can facilitate the prevention and detection of trade fraud needs to be realized quickly. Since there has been no international rule available for open account trade finance up till now, clearly stipulated EFF terms on the exporter's genuine export obligation might have protected K-Sure from the disaster. Originality/value - This study investigates the due diligence of the banks and K-Sure in Moneual case which few researchers have considered, to the best of our knowledge. This study also suggests several practical methods (including block chain) to prevent complicating trade finance fraud amid increasing use of an open account, and further offers reasonable risk management of EFF employing international factoring rule which is also related to problematic open account trade finance.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.87-105
• /
• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of the study is to propose a theoretical framework of cross-border e-commerce ecosystems based on blockchain technology. The ecosystem includes five systems, namely, crossborder supply chain intelligent system, cross-border logistics system, cross-border payment system, cross-border product quality traceability system and cross-border customs supervision system. Design/methodology - This study firstly derived the main improvement factors for the new ecosystem based on blockchain through prior research and expert interviews on cross-border e-commerce. Then explored the use of virtue of decentralization, anti-counterfeiting traceability, consensus mechanism, smart contract and other means of the core technology of blockchain to overcome the bottleneck of cross-border e-commerce development among Korea, China, and Japan. Finally, proposed valuable implications in both theoretical and practical perspectives. Findings - As a result, we combined with the problems existing in cross-border e-commerce among Korea, China and Japan, this paper proposes a solution based on blockchain. On this basis, it constructs a cross-border e-commerce ecosystem among these three countries, including five systems. In addition, we discuss the main problems existing in the current blockchain, such as low transaction concurrency, security loopholes, and inconsistent standards, the corresponding countermeasures are proposed from the technical level, security level and industry standards. Originality/value - This study is the first to apply the blockchain technology to solve the cross-border e-commerce problems in Korea, China and Japan, which is of pioneering significance in both literature and practice. Block chain technology is in the ascendency. This study provides technical solutions for promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce import and export trade between Korea, China and Japan.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.369-375
• /
• 2023

Radon, a carcinogenic substance generated from soil or building materials, have to be fundamentally blocked from entering indoors. In this study, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/silicone emulsions with excellent mechanical and thermal properties and effective blocking of radon gas were prepared by using radiation technology. As the electron-beam irradiation does increased, a partially crosslinked structure was formed in EVA molecular chain, increasing tensile properties and adhesive strength. The EVA/silicone film showed excellent thermal stability without deformation. In addition, the non-irradiated EVA/silicone film showed a radon blocking rate of about a 75%, while the EVA/silicone film irradiated with 3 and 5 kGy showed an excellent radon blocking rate of over 90% due to the formation of crosslinked structure in the EVA molecular chain. These results indicated that the radiation technology can effectively block radon by forming a partially crosslinked structure of EVA/silicone emulsion to improve tensile property, adhesive strength, and deformation stability.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2010

Polyorganosiloxane modified polyurethane (PDMS-PU) polymers were prepared from copolymerization of ${\alpha}$,${\omega}$-hydroxypropyl terminated polyorganosiloxane with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA). Hydrophobic polyorganosiloxane was introduced in polyurethane main chain as soft segment block unit. The isocyanate groups in PDMS-PU block copolymer was blocked with 2-butanon oxime and obtained PDMS-PU dispersions in water by neutralizing with triethylamine (TEA). The deblocking temperature of PDMS-PU polymer was measured from thermal analysis. The good stability of the PDMS-PU dispersion was obtained by dispersing into water. PDMS-PU prepolymers were prepared with various contents of DMPA under [NCO]/[OH] = 1.12~1.53 equivalent ratio. Increasing DMPA from 7.2, 13.4, and 18.7 mole% in preparation of PDMS-PU polymer, particle sizes were decreased from 156, 100, 65 dnm. Also contact angle and adhesive strength were measured.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.12A
• /
• pp.925-932
• /
• 2009

Precise temperature monitoring is the major preconditioning to supervise quality losses within the transport chain for fresh products. ISO/IEC18000-6REV1 defines new protocols supporting BAP(Battery Assisted Passive) RFID tag which is completely compatible with EPCglobal Class1 Generation2 specification. In this paper, we designed a modem supporting BAP RFID tag with FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) and implemented sensor data processing function defined in ISO/IEC18000-6REV1. The transmit block of the modem supports pulse shaping filter and the output signal of the implemented RFID reader is satisfied with the spectrum mask defined in the standard. The receive block of the modem uses Gardner TED to synchronize timing of symbol. In this paper, we designed a modem supporting ISO/IEC18000-6REV1 standard and developed a RFID reader sndard. The developed RFID reader sndard can recognize sensor tag and passive tag in the wireless environment and supports real-time processing of the sensor data in the embedded linux platform.