• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10957-10960
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• 2015

Background: The CYP2C19 genotype has been found to be an important factor for peptic ulcer healing and H. pylori eradication, influencing the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical correlations of the CYP2C19 genotype in patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) and gastric cancer in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Clinical information, endoscopic findings and H. pylori infection status of patients were assessed between May 2012 and November 2014 in Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. Upper GI endoscopy was performed for all patients. Five milliliters of blood were collected for H. pylori serological diagnosis and CYP2C19 study. CYP2C19 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) and classified as rapid metabolizer (RM), intermediate metabolizer (IM) or poor metabolizer (PM). Results: A total of 202 patients were enrolled including 114 with gastritis, 36 with PUD, 50 with PUB and 2 with gastric cancer. Prevalence of CYP2C19 genotype was 82/202 (40.6%) in RM, 99/202 (49%) in IM and 21/202 (10.4%) in PM. Overall H. pylori infection was 138/202 patients (68.3%). H. pylori infection was demonstrated in 72% in RM genotype, 69.7% in IM genotype and 47.6% in PM genotype. Both gastric cancer patients had the IM genotype. In PUB patients, the prevalence of genotype RM (56%) was highest followed by IM (32%) and PM(12%). Furthermore, the prevalence of genotype RM in PUB was significantly greater than gastritis patients (56% vs 36%: p=0.016; OR=2.3, 95%CI=1.1-4.7). Conclusions: CYP2C19 genotype IM was the most common genotype whereas genotype RM was the most common in PUB patients. All gastric cancer patients had genotype IM. The CYP2C19 genotype RM might be play role in development of PUD and PUB. Further study in different population is necessary to verify clinical usefulness of CYP2C19 genotyping in development of these upper GI diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.920-929
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• 1997

This study examined the effect of dietary salt levels on the incidence and cure of gastric ulcer in rats. Two sets of experiment were conducted . In the first experiment, the rats were divided into 3 groups. The 3 groups were fed 0%, 4%, and 8% NaCl diets respectively for 20days. The rats were given water -immersion restraint stress at the end of the dietary period , and sacrificed. The ulcer index by histological test was higher in rats fed the 8% NaCl diet than those in the other groups. The hexosamine and glutathione levels were significantly lower in the rats fed the 8% NaCl diet. Hematocrit and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) showed lower values caused by bleeding of gastric mucosa. The second experiment was designed to determine the effect of soldium concentration on the cure of gastric ulcer . As the gastric ulcer was recovered, ulcer length was gradually deceased in the control group but not changed in the 8% NaCl diet group. The gastric hexosamine and hepatic glutathione were increased in the control group but decreased in the 8% NaCl diet group. The hematologic indices of stressed rats showed the same tendency. As a result, dietary salt per se did not cause gastric ulcer . Once an ulcer is formed by stress or any other factor, higher levels of dietary salt may be detrimental to gastric mucosa, thereby delaying the healing of the ulcer. It is recommended that dietary salt intake be reduced in stress-prone people.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 1989

저자들은 최근 영남대학교 외과학 교실에서 유문부 및 십이지장 폐색을 동반한 원발성 소화성 궤양 환아2례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1997

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare, hereditary disease occurring in males and was first described in 1937. It is characterized by cutaneous eczema, thrombocytopenic purpura and an increased susceptibility to infection due to an immunologic defect. Patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome have a poor antibody response to polysaccharide antigens, low levels of IgM and high levels of IgA and IgE in serum. Oral manifestations of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome was observed a spontaneous gingival bleeding, palatal petechiae, ulcer and gingival hyperplasia. We report on dental treatment of a 5 years old boy with severe spontaneous gingival bleeding and ulcer suffered from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection and all potential measures including platelet concentrate therapy to prevent postoperative bleeding should be undertaken. Good oral hygiene should be maintained for prevention of infection by oral normal flora.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2008

목적: 소화성 궤양의 급만성 합병증으로 대표되는 천공, 출혈, 협착의 수술적 치료에서 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) 제균요법과 proton pump inhibitor의 도입, 중재적 내시경 치료와 같은 비수술적 치료의 발달로 천공, 출혈 등의 급성기 합병증의 수술은 점차 감소되고 있다. 그러나 내과적 소화성 궤양의 협착, 폐색에 대한 비수술적 치료의 결과는 만족스럽지 못한 상태로 수술의 역할이 중요하다. 이에 저자들은 만성 소화성 궤양으로 위출구 폐색을 동반한 환자들의 수술적 치료 후 임상결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1994년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 국립의료원 외과에서 소화성 궤양 폐색으로 수술한 31명의 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였고, 이전의 궤양 수술로 인한 유착성 폐색 및 천공이나 출혈로 인한 응급수술시 발견된 폐색동반의 예는 제외하였다. 각 임상병리학적 결과를 수술방법에 따라 우회수술군과 절제수술군으로 분류하였고, 수술결과의 평가는 Visick score를 이용하였다. 수술 후 재발의 기준은 소화성 궤양의 임상증상이 나타나 내시경으로 확진된 경우만을 포함하였다. 결과: 우회수술군이 6명(19.4%), 절제수술군이 25명(80.6%)이었다. 평균 연령은 57.5세(25~81세)이었고, 남자 29명(93.5%), 여자 2명(6.5%)이었다. 평균 증상 지속기간 29.6개월이었고, 흡연자가 19명(61.3%), NSAID 복용자가 6명(19.4%), H. pylori 양성환자가 7명(22.6%) 있었다. 수술 전 내시경적 확장술은 2명에서 시도되었으며, 주병변의 위치는 위, 십이지장이 각각 9명, 20명, 양쪽이 2명이었다. 수술 후 합병증은 13명 (41.9%)에서, 궤양의 재발은 2명(6.5%)에서 있었고, 재수술이 4명(12.9%)에서 필요하였다. 평균 Visick score는 1.8 (1~4)이었다. 우회수술군과 절제수술군의 비교에서 두 군의 임상병리학적 차이는 없었으며, 두 군에서 각각 1명이 재발되었고 합병증은 각각 5명(83.3%), 8명(32%)으로 우회수술군에서 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(P=0.175). 평균 Visick score는 각각 3.0점, 1.6점으로 절제수술군에서 좋은 결과를 보였다(P=0.001). 결론: 만성 소화성 궤양으로 배출구 폐색을 동반한 환자의 치료에 있어서 내시경적 확장술 등의 비수술적 치료가 비교적 좋은 결과를 보고하고 있지만 여전히 수술은 중요한 치료 방법이다. 궤양 폐색의 수술적 치료시 악성 궤양과의 감별이 용이하지 않고 수술 후 환자의 만족도를 고려한다면 우회수술보다는 절제수술이 바람직한 술식으로 생각된다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.211-219
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• 2012

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used in the treatment of extensive diseases related to various symptoms; inflammation, pain and fever. NSAIDs work by blocking prostaglandin synthesis, but adverse drug events (ADEs) have been increasing dramatically such as gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation and stenosis, a kind of serious ADEs. Therefore, NSAID-related ulcer complication guidelines have been announced containing various risk factors and symptoms. Thus, this study aims to evaluate of NSAID usage and appropriateness for prevention of NSAID-related ulcer complication based on American journal of gastroenterology (AJG) guideline 2009. Further, the study suggests Korean guideline for prevention of NSAID-related ulcer compared to AJG guideline. For this study, data was collected through electronic medical record (EMR) at Seoul national university of Bundang hospital. The primary end point was a composite of NSAID-related ulcer risk factor, types of NSAIDs, co-prescribed NSAID ulcer prevention drugs and NSAID-related ulcer after taking NSAID. The risk factors include over 65 years, high dose NSAID, previous ulcer history and taking drugs (e.g. aspirin, anticoagulant and steroid) causing ulcer. If a patient has 3 or 4 factors, that patient was classified high risk group. And if 1 or 2 factors that patient was classified moderate risk group. The patient who has no risk factor was in low risk group. I studied 8,120 patients who received NSAID from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2009. High risk group was 16(0.2%), moderate risk group was 4,364(53.7%), and low risk group was 3,740(46.1%). The results show that high risk group should be prescribed COX-2 inhibitors with ulcer prevention drugs, and moderate or low risk group need traditional NSAIDs with ulcer prevention drugs. This may be different with 2009 AJG guideline because AJG guideline suggested taking COX-2 inhibitor alone in moderate group or taking traditional NSAID alone in low risk group could get higher ulcer complication. The results indicated that choosing preventive drug is important in case that how many risk factors the patients have. The proper drugs would be helpful for safe and effective NSAID usage in each patient group.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.264-272
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• 2015

Background: The over-prescription of acid-suppressive therapy for the provision of stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in hospitalized patients has been identified in a proceeding study. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate clinicians' beliefs, knowledge and other factors that influence the over-prescribing of SUP in low-risk, non-intensive care unit (non-ICU) patients. Method: A cross-sectional survey consisting of multiple-choice queries and close-ended questions was distributed to healthcare personnel at a major teaching hospital in Korea. Results: More than half of total respondents reported that they would continue SUP following patients discharge from the ICU (77.8%, 43.5%, and 39.7% in the physician, pharmacist, and nurse groups, respectively). Over 55% of physicians would also initiate non-ICU patients on SUP upon hospital admission, and 42.6% of physicians would even continue prophylaxis post hospital discharge. The mean knowledge score regarding SUP indications and side effects was higher in pharmacists compared to physicians and nurses (12.44, 7.40, and 7.28, respectively; p<0.001). High-prescribing behavior was associated with a prescriber's belief that SUP is effective for preventing bleeding (odds ratio 7.40; 95% confidence interval 1.57 to 31.94; p=0.012). Low knowledge score and computerized order set also showed statistically significant association with the overutilization of SUP.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the clinical usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) in detecting peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in children. Methods: Twenty-four patients (19 boys, 5 girls; mean age, $10.6{\pm}4.5years$ [range, 3.0-17.9 years]) who were admitted to the hospital for acute abdomen or gastrointestinal bleeding and diagnosed with PUD by endoscopy and who underwent TUS were included. Clinical data were retrospectively collected by reviewing patient medical records. Gastric ulcer (GU) was suspected when the gastric wall exceeded 8 mm in thickness and had lost its five-layer structure on TUS. Duodenal ulcer (DU) was suspected if the duodenal wall thickness exceeded 5 mm. Results: Sensitivity of TUS in diagnosing PUD was 66.7% for GU and 38.9% for DU. Mean age and body weight of the 11 patients suspected with PUD on TUS were $10.9{\pm}4.4years$ and $38.1{\pm}17.2kg$, respectively. For 13 patients without suspected PUD, they were $12.1{\pm}4.1years$ and $39.6{\pm}17.0kg$, respectively. There was a significant difference in height, weight, and body mass index between patients who were suspected to have PUD and those who were not suspected on TUS (p=0.014, 0.008, and 0.005, respectively). A significant difference in the sensitivity of TUS in diagnosing PUD was found between patients under 30 kg and those over 30 kg (88.9% and 20.0%, respectively; p=0.003). Conclusion: TUS investigation of the stomach and duodenum is an efficient method for PUD detection in children with low body weight. TUS can be used in preliminary diagnostic work-up before further invasive tests.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

Hematoma of gastric wall is very rare, and occasionally associated with coagulopathy, trauma, peptic ulcer disease, and therapeutic endoscopy. Ischemic gastric necrosis is also rare because of the abundant anastomotic supply to the stomach, and it is usually associated with surgery and disruption of the major vessels. Endoscopic submucosal injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine (HS-E) is a safe, cost-effective, and widely used therapy for hemostasis but it may cause tissue necrosis and perforation. We describe a case of gastric wall hematoma with oozing bleeding after endoscopic gastric mucosa biopsy in 71-year old woman with chronic renal failure and angina pectoris undergoing anti-platelet medication. We injected a small dose of HS-E (7ml) for controlling oozing bleeding. Two days later, endoscopy showed huge ulcer with necrotic tissue at the site of previously hematoma. Therefore we should pay particular attention for hematoma and mucosal necrosis when performing endoscopic procedure in a patients with high bleeding and atherosclerotic risk.