• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2009

목적 ; 본 연구는 가스분석검사기의 일종인 Oral $Chroma^{(R)}$(CHM-1, Osaka, Japen)를 이용하여 건강검진센터에 내원하는 환자를 대상으로 전신질환 판정검사에서 이상소견을 가진 환자에서 구취를 일으키는 휘발성 황화합물을 측정 비교하여 전신질환이 구취에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 ; 수집된 자료는 통계분석 프로그램인 Statistical Package for the Social Science12.0(SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA)을 이용하여 구강검사(CPI index, 탐침 시 출혈 유무, 설태의 유무) 결과 및 각 검사별 전신질환의 유무에 따른 황화수소, 메틸 머캅탄, 황화 디메틸의 농도를 교차분석으로 분석하였다. 결과 ; 휘발성 황화합물과 관계있는 질환은 간질환과 담낭질환이라는 사실을 확인할 수 있었으며 그 외 골밀도와 혈압, 지질검사 등에서의 관련성도 관찰되어 추후 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major public health problems in India. Hence, there is a need to identify risk factors that, when modified, will reduce the burden of unhealthy children on the healthcare system. The objective of this study was to determine whether periodontitis among mothers in the rural population of India is a risk factor for LBW babies. Methods: A hospital-based case control study was conducted among 340 postpartum mothers. The cases consisted of 170 women who had given birth to babies weighing <2,500 g, while the control group consisted of 170 women who had given birth to babies weighing ${\geq}2,500g$. Details of the mothers were taken from the hospital records and through a personal interview, and a full-mouth periodontal examination was performed postpartum, which included probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing on six sites per tooth. Results: LBW cases had a significantly worse periodontal status than the controls, having an odds ratio (OR) of 2.94 (P=0.01). The multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that periodontal disease is a significant independent risk factor with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.85 for the LBW group (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62-5.5). Other factors showing significant associations with LBW were pre-eclampsia (aOR, 4.49; 95% CI, 1.4-14.7), preterm labor (aOR, 5.5; 95% CI, 3.2-9.9), and vaginal type of delivery (aOR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.4-5.2). Conclusions: Periodontitis represents a strong, independent, and clinically significant risk factor for LBW. Periodontal therapy should form a part of the antenatal preventive care among rural women in India.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.647-657
• /
• 2004

A non-carious cervical lesion(NCCL) is the loss of tooth structure at the cementoenamel junction level that is unrelated to dental caries. This study was to evaluate the occlusal and periodontal status of teeth with non-carious cervical lesions. We evaluated 105 teeth with non-carious cervical lesions in 35 subjects aged 38-75 years and characterized them based on the shape and dimension, plaque retention, bleeding on probing(BOP), probing pocket depth(PPD), occlusal status, brushing type, hypersensitivity and wear facet. The results of this study were as follows 1. No significant association was observed between cervical lesions and occlusal contact in lateral excursions. 2. No significant difference occurred in plaque retention, PPD, BOP between teeth with and without cervical lesions. 3. Test teeth had a significantly higher percentage of hypersensitivity and occlusal wear facet than teeth without cervical lesions. 4. Wedge shaped lesions had a significantly higher percentage of plaque than saucer shaped lesions. 5. Teeth with plaque were found to have significantly deeper PPD than teeth without plaque retention in cervical regions. 6. Teeth with occlusal contacts were found to have significantly deeper PPD than teeth without occlusal contacts. 7. No significant association was observed between cervical lesions and PPD independent of plaque retention and occlusal contacts Although more knowledge is necessary, our results suggest that occlusal contact and bacterial plaque may influence on periodontal tissue, but NCCL is not directly associated with periodontal health

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study aims to conduct in-depth research on the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) with the application of a comprehensive dental hygiene care (CDHC) process, and provide basic data for the wide application of CDHC. Methods: From May 8, 2021 to September 24, 2021, mixed-methods research was conducted in 36 patients with periodontal diseases. A paired samples t-test was used to analyze the quantitative research data using IBM SPSS program(ver. 22.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and qualitative research data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: With NSPT applying the CDHC process, the perception of periodontal health and self-efficacy of periodontal healthcare were increased (p<0.001). Presence of gingivitis, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing rate, presence of subgingival calculus, and dental plaque index were reduced (p<0.001). Based on 195 meaningful statements, 26 concepts, 12 sub-themes, and 5 themes , , , and were drawn. Conclusions: The perception of periodontal health and the self-efficacy were improved, and substantial change in the clinical index. The CDHC application allowed the study participants to perceive the importance of dental care and professionalism of dental hygienists.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.266-276
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to retrospectively investigate the influence of potential risk indicators on the development of peri-implant disease. Methods: Overall, 103 patients referred for implant treatment from 2000 to 2012 were randomly enrolled. The study sample consisted of 421 conventional-length (>6 mm) non-turned titanium implants that were evaluated clinically and radiographically according to preestablished clinical and patient-related parameters by a single investigator. A non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis rank test and a logistic regression model were used for the statistical analysis of the recorded data at the implant level. Results: The diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was made for 173 (41.1%) and 19 (4.5%) implants, respectively. Age (${\geq}65$ years), patient adherence (professional hygiene recalls <2/year) and the presence of plaque were associated with higher peri-implant probing-depth values and bleeding-on-probing scores. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age (P=0.001), patient adherence (P=0.03), the absence of keratinized tissue (P=0.03), implants placed in pristine bone (P=0.04), and the presence of peri-implant soft-tissue recession (P=0.000) were strongly associated with the event of peri-implantitis. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, patients aged ${\geq}65$ years and non-adherent subjects were more prone to develop peri-implant disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and a systematic maintenance-care program are essential for maintaining peri-implant tissue health, especially in older patients.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.280-287
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this randomized single-blind controlled trial was to elucidate the clinical and antimicrobial effects of daily phototherapy (PT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2013 to May 2014 at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Forty-one patients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into two therapeutic groups in a 1:1 ratio: SRP+PT and SRP (control) groups. All participants underwent full-mouth SRP. PT was performed thrice a day for a month by using electric toothbrushes with embedded light-emitting diodes. Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing were assessed before (baseline) and four weeks after (follow-up) the treatment. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sobrinus levels were detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction at the same points in time. Results: The clinical parameters improved in both the groups. At the follow-up assessment, PPD was significantly decreased in the SRP+PT group (P=0.00). Further, PPD and CAL showed significantly greater changes in the SRP+PT group than in the SRP group (PPD, P=0.03; CAL, P=0.04). P. gingivalis and T. forsythia levels decreased in this group, but no significant intergroup differences were noted. Conclusions: Adjunctive PT seems to have clinical benefits, but evidence of its antimicrobial effects is not sufficient. Long-term studies are necessary to develop the most effective PT protocol and compare the effectiveness of PT with and without exogenous photosensitizers.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the present randomized controlled clinical study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of micro-current electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) as an adjunct method to nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Methods: Twenty patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited into the study and randomly treated with either nonsurgical periodontal therapy followed by 5 MENS treatments with a micro current device or by nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone. Periodontal parameters were measured at baseline and 6 weeks following therapy, and included the plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL). Results: All measured values were reduced at the time of re-evaluation. The amount of inflammation was significantly reduced in both the test (P=0.002) and control group (P=0.015). The test group demonstrated a significant CAL gain at 6 weeks following therapy, including non-molar (P=0.009) and molar teeth (P=0.028). In comparison with the control group, the test group showed statistically significant differences in the CAL on both molar (P=0.027) and non-molar teeth (P=0.031). Conclusions: In conclusion, the short-term results of the study indicate that MENS could be a suitable adjunctive method in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.96-100
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Chronic periodontitis (CP) seems to be associated with stress and depression, but little information on this possible association is available in the literature. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association among stress, the salivary cortisol level (SCL), and CP. Methods: Seventy systemically healthy subjects were included in the study from January to September 2011. Full medical and dental histories were obtained, and the following measurements were recorded: 1) probing depth; 2) clinical attachment level; 3) bleeding on probing; and 4) tooth mobility. Saliva samples were collected for the evaluation of SCL (via a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay), and all subjects also answered a questionnaire (i.e., the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale). The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated, and one way analysis of variance and the Tukey-Kramer method were performed. Results: A total of 36 subjects with CP (51.4%) and 34 without CP were evaluated. Of them, all of the subjects with CP and one periodontally healthy subject were diagnosed with depression. Subjects with moderate CP had statistically significantly higher levels of SCL than subjects with a diagnosis of slight CP (P=0.006). Also, subjects with severe CP showed the same outcome when compared to those with slight CP (P=0.012). In addition, 46 subjects presented high SCL whereas 24 had a normal level. CP was found to be correlated with the SCL, with an OR of 4.14 (95% CI, 1.43 to 12.01). Conclusions: Subjects with a high SCL and depression may show an increased risk for CP.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2015

The efficacy of air-polishing on subgingival debridement, as compared to scaling and root planning (SRP), was evaluated clinically and microbiologically. Fifteen patients diagnosed as chronic periodontitis, and having single-root tooth over 5 mm of pocket depth symmetrically in the left and right quadrant, were investigated. Subgingival debridement was performed by SRP and air-polishing. The results were evaluated and compared clinically and microbiologically. Probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), relative attachment level (RAL) and change of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed before treatment, and at 14 and 60 days after treatment. Microbial analysis was done pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 14 and 60 days after treatment. Results of air polishing showed that post treatment, the PPD and BOP decreased, and attachment gain was observed. There was no clinical difference when compared to SRP. The volume of GCF decreased at 14 days, and increased again at 60 days. Compared to SRP, there was a statistical significance of the volume of GCF at 60 days in air-polishing. In the microbial analysis, high-risk bacteria that cause periodontal disease were remarkably reduced. They decreased immediately after treatment, but increased again with the passage of time. Thus, our results show that subgingival debridement by air-polishing was effective for decrease of pocket depth, attachment gain, decrease of GCF and inhibition of pathogens. Further studies are required to compare air-polishing and SRP, considering factors such as degree of pocket depth and calculus existence.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.521-528
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Tunneling is a periodontal surgical procedure that creates access for patient cleansing and maintenance within the furcal area of a molar tooth with severe furcation involvement. Up to date, there are few studies about a long term clinical and radiographic stability of tunneling. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the long term prognosis after tunnel preparation of molars with through and through furcation. Material and Methods: 25 teeth of 23 patients aged 36 to 70 (mean age 51.7) were treated surgically with tunnel preparation. These cases were followed for 2 to 13 years (mean 6.5years) after surgery. Patients were recalled for an evaluation which was based on a questionnaire, a clinical examination, and radiographic analysis. Clinical assessment included plaque index, caries registration, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, tooth mobility. Baseline and over 2-year follow-up radiographs were collected and evaluated for this study. Result: 3 teeth(12%) had been extracted and 1 tooth(4%) hemisected. Root caries was detected in 3 teeth(12%). Thus 72% of the teeth were still caries tree and in function. Clinical parameters including PI, PD, BOP, mobility showed somewhat favourable results. Radiographic furcal bone loss showed no statistically significant difference compared to interproximal crestal bone loss ($3.59{\pm}1.69%$ vs $3.42{\pm}2.95%$) when root length was used as reference. There was no correlation between root trunk length and furcal bone loss. Conclusion: Over 2 years after tunneling procedure, teeth showed a clinically and radiographically stable condition, despite of slight root caries and alveolar bone loss within clinically acceptable range. The tunnel procedure may be considered as a viable periodontal treatment option for molar teeth with severe furcation involvement in individuals following a regular maintenance program.