• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1227-1236
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• 2018

From all of the environmental problems, blast-induced vibrations often cause concern to surrounding residents. It is often claimed that damage to building superstructures is due to blasting, and sometimes the building owner files a lawsuit against the company that perform blasting operations. The blast-vibration problem has been thoroughly investigated in the past and continues to be the subject of ongoing research. In this study, a tunnel construction has been performed by a construction company, according to their contract they must have used drilling & blasting method for excavation in tunnel inlet and outlet portal. The population is very condensed with almost tunnel below in the vicinity houses of one or two floors, typically built with stone masonry and concrete. This situation forces the company to take extreme precautions when they are designing blasts so that the blast effects, which are mainly vibration and aerial waves, do not disturb their surrounding neighbors. For this purpose, the vibration measurement and analysis have been carried out and a new methodology in minimizing the blast induced ground vibrations at the target location, was also applied. Peak particle velocity and dominant frequencies were taken into consideration in analyzing the blast-induced ground vibration. The methodology aims to employ the most suitable time delays among blast-hole groupings to render destructive interference of surface waves at the target location.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

콘크리트 기둥 발파 시 장약공 상태에 따른 지반 진동의 전파 특성을 확인하기 위해 몇 가지 기둥 구조물을 제작하였고, 각 기둥 구조물에 설치된 장약공의 상태를 달리하여 TNT로 발파하며 진동을 측정하였다. 회귀분석 결과, 사각 장약공이 원형 장약공보다 진동의 크기가 작고 감쇠가 더 빨랐으며 관통된 장약공보다 폐쇄된 장약공에서 진동의 크기는 크고 감쇠는 비슷하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2006

The test blasts were carried out by detonating some single blastholes at two upper sites of the underground storage cavern for the crude oil. One was performed at the entrance site of the construction tunnel and the other at the middle area of the underground storage cavern. Based on the blast-induced nitration measured by the test blasts, we suggested the propagation equations of blasting vibration that were capable of estimating the peak particle velocity. In addition, in order to assess the stability of the adjacent ground storage tank, we did the frequency analysis and the response spectrum analysis with the particle velocity-time history and the particle acceleration-time history that were measured by the test blast carried out on the entrance site of the construction tunnel. In result, it was predicted that the displacement on the highest part of the tank shell was less than the allowable displacement.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.463-470
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• 2000

In tunnel excavation by blast beneath the surface structures in urban area, the characteristics of ground vibration induced by blast and its influence on surface structures are analyzed by the field test and the numerical analysis on dynamic behaviors of the structure. According to the field test on the propagating characteristics of blast vibration through the rock mass and the concrete foundation pile. the attenuation index of peak particle velocity with distance shows the range of 1.7∼2.0 for the rock mass and the range of 2.0∼2.3 for the concrete pile. This shows that the blast vibration reduces more rapidly in the concrete pile. It is known from the numerical analysis on dynamic behavior of the structure that the coefficient of response, velocity ratio of structure response to input wave, is different according to the story of the structure. It can be said from this research that the characteristics of the ground vibration and the dynamic behavior of the structure should be well evaluated and be considered as important factors for safe blasting design especially in underground excavation at shallow depth in urban area.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 발파 시 발생되는 지반진동이 인접한 터널 지보재의 안정성에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 발파진동에 의한 터널의 역학적 안정성을 허용진동속도를 기준으로 검토하였다. 기존에 제시된 미광무국과 서울지하철에서 제시한 이론식, 그리고 수치해석 프로그램을 사용하여 허용진동속도를 초과하지 않는 발파이격거리를 산정하였고, 발파시 콘크리트 라이닝과 록볼트의 거동을 평가하였다. 콘크리트 라이닝의 구조적 안정성에 미치는 발파진동영향은 미미한 것으로 나타났으나, 록볼트에 미치는 영향은 상대적으로 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.207-219
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• 2008

도심지내 굴착공사는 기존 지하구조물의 근접시공의 시계가 증가하는 추세이다. 근접시공에 따른 터널의 안정성은 가이드라인이 제시되어 있으나, 굴착공사에서 유발되는 발파신동이 터널구조물에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 국내외의 터널 안전영역 기준과 발파진동의 허용기준을 검토하고 진동가이드라인을 추정하기 위하여 수치해석적인 방법을 사용하여 수행하였다. 해석에 사용된 발파하중은 이론식인 International Society of Explosive Engineers(2000) 제안식을 이용하여 폭굉압력(detonation pressure)을 산정하였고 해석 모델은 서울지하철을 대상으로 하였다. 실제발파현장에 인접한 지하철 구간의 진동계측치를 수치해석결과와 비교하여 수치해석의 적정성을 검토하였다. 동적수치해석 결과 라이닝의 절점에 작용하는 진동속도의 영향원으로부터 허용값을 만족하는 영역을 제시하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.561-569
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• 2018

Ground vibration is one of the most undesirable effects induced by blast operation in mountain tunnels, which could cause negative impacts on the residents living nearby and adjacent structures. The ground vibration effects can be well represented by peak particle velocity (PPV) and corner frequency ($f_c$) on the ground. In this research, the PPV and the corner frequency of the mountain surface above the large-span tunnel of the new Badaling tunnel are observed by using the microseismic monitoring technique. A total of 53 sets of monitoring results caused by the blast inside tunnel are recorded. It is found that the measured values of PPV are lower than the allowable value. The measured values of corner frequency are greater than the natural frequencies of the Great Wall, which will not produce resonant vibration of the Great Wall. The vibration effects of associated parameters on the PPV and corner frequency which include blast charge, rock mass condition, and distance from the blast point to mountain surface, are studied by regression analysis. Empirical formulas are proposed to predict the PPV and the corner frequency of the Great Wall and surface structures due to blast, which can be used to determine the suitable blast charge inside the tunnel.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2002

우리 나라 대부분의 토목현장에서는 암반의 굴착을 위하여 발파공법이 시행되고 있다. 발파공법은 기타 파암공법에 비하여 작업능률의 향상, 공사기간의 단축 등으로 많이 행해지고 있다. 그러나 발파작업은 발파진동, 발파소음, 비산 등으로 많은 피해를 발생하기도 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 미진동 공법 중에 하나인 플라즈마 공법의 특성, 파암효과 및 적용성에 대하여 검토해 보았다. 본 연구에서 나타난 플라즈마 공법에 의한 감쇠지수는 1.45~2.23이고 발파공법의 감쇠지수는 1.39~1.40으로 분석되었다. 그리고 시험파암 결과 파암지점과 계측지점과의 거리가 약 15m 이상인 지점부터는 대부분의 파암진동이 문화재나 컴퓨터 시설 등 민감한 보안물건에 대한 허용기준치인 0.2kine(cm/sec) 이내로 계측되었다. FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)분석 결과 당 현장에서 발파공법에 의해 계측된 주파수는 30~50Hz이고 플라즈마 공법의 주파수는 30~130Hz 사이에 분포하고 있다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.545-554
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• 2019

The customary approach used in the blast vibration analysis is to derive empirical relations between the peak particle velocities of blast-induced waves and the scaled distance, and to develop patterns limiting the amounts of explosives. During the periods when excavations involving blasting were performed at sites far from residential areas and infrastructure works, this method based on empirical correlations could be effective in reducing vibrations. However, blasting procedures applied by the fast-moving mining and construction industries today can be very close to, in particular cities, residential areas, pipelines, geothermal sites, etc., and this reveals the need to minimize blast vibrations not only by limiting the use of explosives, but also employing new scientific and technological methods. The conventional methodology in minimizing blast vibrations involves the steps of i) measuring by seismograph peak particle velocity induced by blasting, ii) defining ground transmission constants between the blasting area and the target station, iii) finding out the empirical relation involving the propagation of seismic waves, and iv) employing this relation to identify highest amount of explosive that may safely be fired at a time for blasting. This paper addresses practical difficulties during the implementation of this conventional method, particularly the defects and errors in data evaluation and analysis; illustrates the disadvantages of the method; emphasizes essential considerations in case the method is implemented; and finally discusses methods that would fit better to the conditions and demands of the present time compared to the conventional method that intrinsically hosts the abovementioned disadvantages.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.316-320
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 불규칙한 천공장이 발파진동에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. 각각 2.lm 2.3m, 2.4m의 천공장에 대한 최대 진동속도와 삼승근환산거리의 관계를 비교 분석한 결과동일 환산거리에서 천공장의 크기가 길어질수록 더 큰 진동속도를 보였다. 그러므로 허용진동 속도이하의 일정범위의 발파 진동치를 유지하기 위하여서는 규clr적인 천공이 되도록 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.