• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2015

We created species richness maps of mammals, birds and plants using "Nnational Ecosystem Survey" data and identified correlations between species richness maps of each taxa. We examine the distribution of species richness of each taxa and calculated conservation priority rank through plotting species-area curves using an additive benefit function in Zonation. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, plant showed high species richness in Gangwon province and Baekdudaegan, and mammals showed high species richness at eastern slope of Baekdudaegan in Gangwon province unusually and the species richness of mammals distributed equally except Gyeonggi and Chungnam province. However, birds showed high species richness in the west costal because the area is the major route of winter migratory birds. Second, correlation of each taxa's distribution is not significant. Correlation between mammals and birds is positive but correlations between birds and others are negative. Because mammals inhabit in forest but birds mostly live in coastal wetlands and rivers. Therefore, bird's habitats are not shared with other habitats. Third, the probability of mammals occurrence is very low under 25% in species-area curve, others increase proportionally to area. Birds increase dramatically richness at 10% because bird's habitat is concentrated in coastal wetlands and rivers. Plants increased gently species richness due to large forest in Gangwon province. We can calculate the predicted number of species in curves and plan various conservation strategies using the marginal number of species. Finally, high priority ranks for conservation distributed mainly in Gangwon province and Baekdudaegan. When we compared with priority map and terrestrial national parks, the parks were evaluated as high priority ranks. However, the rank of parks away from Baekdudaegan was low. This study has the meaning of selecting conservation priority area using National Ecosystem Survey. In spite of the omission of survey data in national parks and Baekdudaegan, the results were good. Therefore, the priority rank method using species distribution models is useful to selecting protected areas and improving conservation plans. However, it is needed to select protected areas considering various evaluation factors, such as rarity, connectivity, representativeness, focal species and so on because there is a limit to select protected area only using species richness.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.837-847
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• 2016

본 연구는 경기도 시화호를 대상으로 조간대 복원 전(2009~2011년)과 후(2012~2014년)의 조류군집 양상과 이용분포변화를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 조간대 수조류는 복원 후에 약 4만여 개체가 증가하였다. 대부분 수조류가 증가하였으며, 잠수성오리류는 감소하였다. 관찰된 각 수조류의 개체수 증감 변동 분석을 실시한 결과 도요 물떼새류가 복원전과 비교하여 뚜렷한 개체수 증가를 보였다. 서식지 이용양상의 변화는 복원 후에 가장 넓어진 조간대 면적을 포함하고 있는 남측간척지 조간대와 내수면 조간대 지역으로서 이는 먹이원인 저서생태계의 변화와 연관된다. 복원된 시화호의 저서생태계는 기회종의 감소와 함께 오염에 민감한 평형종의 지속적인 증가로 안정화가 진행되었고 결과적으로 도요 물떼새류의 서식에 환경적 여건이 개선되었음을 판단할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 조간대의 복원은 수조류의 이용 분포변화에도 단시간에 영향을 주었다. 복원 전과 비교하여 모든 수조류가 넓은 면적의 조간대에 고르게 분포하였으며, 특히 도요 물떼새류와 고니 기러기류의 서식분포에 큰 변화를 준 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 조력발전에 의한 인위적인 조간대의 복원이 조류에 미치는 영향 연구로서 수행되었으며, 종다양성 측면에서 조간대의 중요성이 재확인 되었고 현재까지 긍정적인 변화를 보이고 있다. 향후 유사한 환경에서의 생물다양성 유지 및 증진을 위한 대안의 한 방법으로 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.24-36
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• 2008

The essence of a natural stream restoration project is providing habitats for various creatures in terms of the stream's environmental function. This research suggests the problems of natural stream restoration project by studying streams in terms of habitats for creatures and reviewing the national and international cases on existing natural stream restoration project. As a solution for the above, this research suggests a preservation method for biotope of upper stream areas focusing on the fish biotope area considering the ecological characteristics and preservation value of the respective stream so that the stream can be preserved as habitats for creatures. The research was carried out on Cheonglimli Baekcheon region which is an upper stream area of Buan-Dam located in the public park in Byunsanbando, Buangoon, Jeonlabookdo. We suggest the preservation method based on the habitat environment and keystone species of fish. The habitat environment evaluation was carried out mainly being divided into three groups namely, habitats and surrounding environment, reservoir's features and fish way and the diversity of fish. By improving the problematic elements discovered through such evaluation, it tries to improve the biotope of the stream and continuously preserve the stream. In addition, in order to restore the stream as habitats for various creatures, this research suggests to select keystone species which are suitable for the stream environment and restore the habitats based on the keystone species rather than restoring habitats for all species. Fish not only plays the role of a consumer of Epilithic algae and water beetles but also plays an important ecological role as a food for birds or small mammalia. If such ecologically important biotope for fish is preserved, the ecological environment of the stream will be maintained more stably.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.18-31
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• 2004

Ecological network can solve the ecological problems such as habitat cutting and fragmentation that are resulted from urbanization. Recently, rooftop biotope construction has been appeared as a usefull method for ecological networking in urban area. The objective of this study is to seek the possibility of rooftop greening introduction as well as to select target species for rooftop greening construction from the urban ecological network point of view. In order to select target species, we monitored two adjacent rooftop greening sites, where we found 22 species of birds and insects and 33 species of plants. We set criteria to select target species through documents research, and gave marks species according to the criteria with the help of specialists. We divided the target species into 5 groups on the basis of the 12 selecting criteria. In those two monitored rooftop greening sites, we did not find any species belong to group A, which is the best target species, but we found species belong to the other groups. Orthetrum albistylum, Sympetrum dawinianum belong to group B, which is the priority target species, 7 species besides Passer montanus, Coccinella axyridis, Agrionidae to group C, which is the possible target species, 6 species besides Atractomorpha lata to group D, which is the potential target species, and the others were found to be inadequate to the target species. We found Orthetrum albistylum, Sympetrum dawi-nianum to be the best appropriate target species in the two sites. According to the result of this study, the method of ecological network construction from the dra-gonfly habitat network point of view through the construction of rooftop habitat is ideal for Orthetrum albistylum, and Sympetrum dawinianum. For successful urban ecological network construction, selection criteria and construction techniqes & methods for rooftop habitat should be developed through future research.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.445-457
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• 2007

This report studied the individual number, their favorite habitat, and change pattern of family and group number in Cheolwon Basin, starting in the early Oct. 2004 until late March. 2005 to investigate the ecological features of the Red-crowned Crane and the White-naped Crane. The Cranes arrived Cheolwon Basin in mid-October until next mid-March, and passed the winter in mid-November until next late-February The most visiting number amounted to 550 individuals and, that period was the most frosting mid-January to mid-February. The White-naped Crane visited Cheolwon Basin in autumn, the early winter and spring. Approximately, the wintering-number is 550 individuals, also, the mid-March was the peak-period of arrival and, the number amounted to 2,162 individuals. The cranes chose the farming area around mountains as their wintering habitat and were less likely to choose the farming area around lake as habitat. The Red-crowned Crane and the White-naped Crane showed the different periodical pattern in familial and group numbers. In case of the crane, the familial pattern was stable, but varied in grouping number, and this pattern was similar to the variation of overall individual number. And, also, the most grouping number was shown in the most freezing period of wintering period. The White-naped Crane showed the similar pattern of the Red-crowned Crane that is, stable family number and varying group number, this pattern affected the total number of entire individuals. Grouping number increased in migration period. Parasite infection rate is G japonensis 35.0%, G vipio 38.7%.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

In this research, it is a basic study to investigate the population of birds using UAVs. The research area is Ardeidae species(ASP) habitat and has long-term monitoring. The purpose of the study is to compare the ASP populations which analyzed ground observational survey and UAVs imagery. We used DJI's Mavic pro and Phantom4 for this research. Before investigating the population of ASP, we measured the escape distance by the UAVs, and the escape distances of the two UAVs models were statistically significant. Such a result would be different in UAV size and rotor(rotary wing) noise. The population of ASP who analyzed the ground observation and UAVs imagery count differed greatly. In detail, the population(mean) on the ground observation was 174.9, and the UAVs was 247.1 ~ 249.9. As a result of analyzing the UAVs imagery, These results indicate that the lower the UAVs camera altitude, the higher the ASP population, and the lower the UAVs camera altitude, the higher the resolution of the images and the better the reading of the individual of ASP. And we confirmed analyzed images taken at various altitudes, the individuals of ASP was not statistically significant. This is because the resolution of the phantom was superior to that of mavic pro. Our research is fundamental compared to similar studies. However, long-term monitoring for ASP of South Korea's by ground observation is a barrier of the reliability of the monitoring result. We suggested how to use UAVs which can improve long-term monitoring for ASP habitat.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.359-367
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• 2012

본 연구는 논습지를 이용하는 수조류의 서식지 이용과 개체군 특성을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 2009/2010년과 2011/2012년에 걸쳐 아산만 일대의 논을 대상으로 매월 2회씩 조사를 수행한 결과 총 35종의 수조류가 관찰되었다. 수조류의 논이용은 분류군에 따라 시기적으로 차이가 있지만, 분류군에 상관없이 대부분 논을 취식지로 이용하였다. 도요물떼새류는 봄철이동시기(4월-5월)에 담수화된 본답을 주로 이용하였다. 백로류는 논을 4월에서 10월까지 이용하였으며, 논의 상태변화에 따라 본답, 논둑, 수로 등을 고루 이용하였다. 논은 백로류의 번식에 필요한 충분한 먹이를 제공하는 서식지이다. 오리기러기류는 월동기간(11월-3월)동안 추수 후 떨어진 낙곡을 취식하기 위해 논을 이용하였다. 결과적으로 주기적으로 뚜렷한 환경변화를 갖는 논 생태계는 시기에 따라 다양한 수조류의 서식지를 제공하고 있다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.175-189
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• 2015

본 연구는 수변지역에 서식하는 양서류 개별종에 적합한 서식환경변수를 구축하여 서식지적합성모형을 적용하여 물리적 교란에 따른 양서류 분포 특성과 생태적 결정인자를 분석하였다. 2013년 3월부터 10월까지 강원도 횡성군과 원주시 섬강 일대를 대상으로 양서류 현장조사와 하천수변 조사를 하였다. 본 연구의 대상종으로는 그 지역의 양서류 중 우점종인 참개구리, 청개구리, 북방산개구리와 옴개구리를 선정하였고, 임의 비출현 자료를 생성하여 로지스틱회귀모형을 적용하였다. 개별종의 분포모형의 특징으로는 참개구리는 식생의 거리와 자갈이 모형의 결과에서 선택되었으며, 청개구리는 농수로와 하천 폭에 좀 더 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 북방산 개구리와 옴개구리는 비슷한 서식특성을 보여주었다. 옴개구리는 연구지역 전체에 우점하고 있었는데, 광범위한 서식처 선호도와 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 대상종들의 분포모형을 합산한 종풍부도 결과에서 양서류는 산비탈과 계곡 또는 계류 사이를 왕복하는 특성을 나타내고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 서식지적합성 모형을 이용해서 서식환경특성을 정량적으로 분석하였으나, 먹이요소와 다른 생물과의 상호작용을 분석하는데 한계를 가지고 있다. 향후 조류 또는 어류의 밀도나 서식요소를 함께 분석한다면 생물학적인 환경인자와의 관계를 분석하는데 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2017

The function of urban parks as wildlife habitats is becoming increasingly important. The urban park serves as a key area for preserving urban biodiversity. The purpose of this study is to estimate the bird species diversity in 30 parks in Cheonan city and quantitatively analyze the influence of vegetation, park structure and landscape connectivity index. As the results, a total of 27 birds species and 1,509 individuals were found at the sites and the largest number of birds were found in the Cheongsa park with 17 species. The optimal regression model was selected as the explanatory variables for the logged park area (LPA), the tree cover ratio (Co_T) and the patch betweenness centrality (PB). LPA and Co_T mean the internal characteristics of the park, and PB was the external environmental variable meaning landscape connectivity. LPA was the most important factor (73.3%) as bird habitat, and the PB could be interpreted as a factor that should be considered as important (26.7%). It will be possible to consider these environmental variables in the park and green area construction and management.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2004

Movement of shorebirds for roosting was studied to find their response to insufficient roosting area on Ganghwa Island. It was taken from two kinds of aspects of population fluctuation and direct observation of movement from March to October in 2002. Based on the data from their weekly fluctuation and flight observation, shorebirds on Ganghwa Island moved to roosts located far away. Shorebirds feeding at southern Ganghwa Island moved to Yeongjong Island for roosting during the spring tide period. High tide count showed that the number of shorebirds on Yeongjong Island increased strikingly, while the number of birds on Ganghwa Island decreased. As the tide level increased, the number of shorebirds on Ganghwa Island decreased in the fall migrating season (r$_{s}$= -0.81, p＜0.001), whereas that on Yeongjong Island was not correlated significantly. Direct observation showed that some of the birds on the upper tidal zone of Ganghwa Island moved directly to the northern mudflat of Yeongjong Island during the flowing tide or dropped by flat zone on Seondu-ri. Insufficient coastal wetlands on Ganghwa Island induced them to move away from the island for roosting place and to endure costly flight energy expenditure. The development of wetlands on the southern Yeongjong Island would make them have no place available to roosts. Therefore this study proposes that shorebird roosts on Ganghwa Island should be created to conserve their habitat.t.