• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1374-1378
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• 2009

Response surface methodology (RSM) examining the effects of five-level-three-factors and their mutual interactions was utilized to optimize the fermentation conditions to enhance capsular polysaccharide (CPS) production of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3. Twenty experiments conducted in an 8-l lab-scale fermentor were designed to assess fermentation pH, supplemented glucose concentration, and stirring rate. The predicted highest CPS production by the obtained optimization model equation was 256.14 mg/l at optimal conditions [pH 7.5, stirring rate 180 rpm, and supplemented glucose concentration 1% (w/v)]. The validity of the response model was confirmed by the good agreement between the predicted and experimental results. The maximum amount of CPS obtained was $255.03\pm2.23$ mg/l.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2021

7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (7H-4MC) inhibits hyaluronan production in multiple cell lines and tissue types both in vitro and in vivo. It is a commercially available drug approved for human use, called hymecromone, in European and Asian countries to prevent biliary spasms. Nevertheless, as the pharmacological efficacy of 7H-4MC has not yet been reported in macrophages, this study investigated its anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of 7H-4MC (62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM). The application of 7H-4MC significantly reduced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E₂ production without cytotoxic effects. Additionally, 7H-4MC strongly decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase. Furthermore, 7H-4MC reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Finally, 7H-4MC exerted its potent anti-inflammatory actions via the upregulation of IκB-α production, which led to the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. These results, obtained in macrophage cell lines, suggest that 7H-4MC prevents inflammatory diseases via the NF-κB signaling pathway and that its use could be beneficial for human health. Ultimately, this is the first report describing the anti-inflammatory activity of 7H-4MC in a macrophage cell line.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1996

The production of interleukin-1(IL-1)and nitric oxide(NO) by cultured fibroblast cells of human nasal turbinate was revealed by biological assay respectively. The cells were incubated for various periods of time in the presence of staphyloccocal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1(TSST-1) and house dust mite(Dermatophagoides farinae, HDM), and the culture supernatants were harvested. There was a little difference in the activities of IL-1beta and the amount of NO produced by the cells when stimulated with 0.002-0.1$\mu$g/ml of TSSTO-1 and 0.02-1$\mu$g/ml of HDM. The shapes of the time course curves for the production of IL-1beta and NO by the cells were different. Groups stimulated with TSST-1 or HDM produced more IL-beta in 2 h than no exposure group(Control). A certain mixed group(TSST-1, 10ng+mite, 100 ng) continued to produce IL-1beta highly throughout the entire incubation period. The cells stimulated with TSST-1 or HDM produced more NO in 2 h and 6 h than that produced in the end of incubation(48 h). Also, the mixed groups were generally similar. There results suggest that induction of IL-1beta by a certain mixed condition(TSST-1+mite) in fibroblast cell in vivo may play a role in inflammation.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.307-311
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• 2014

폴리우레탄 담체가 혼합폐기물을 이용한 연속식수소생산에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 당밀폐수와 하수슬러지를 혼합하여 연속 회분식 공정에서 발효시켰다. 담체를 넣지 않고 12 h의 수리학적 체류시간으로 운전하였을 때, 대부분의 바이오매스가 외부로 유실된 반면, 담체를 반응조에 투입하였을 때에는 미생물 유실이 현저히 저감하였다. 또한, 담체를 이용한 경우, 수소생산속도 $0.4L-H_2L^{-1}d^{-1}$로 높게 나타났다. 반응조 내 부유 바이오매스에 의한 비수소생산속도가 $241{\pm}4ml-H_2g-VSS^{-1}d^{-1}$로서 담체 표면 부착바이오매스($133{\pm}10ml-H_2g-VSS^{-1}d^{-1}$) 및 담체 내부 부착 바이오매스에 의한 값($95{\pm}14ml-H_2g-VSS^{-1}d^{-1}$)보다 높게 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2005

The effect of different mulching materials on mungbean production was studied. The general objective was to assess the ecological effects of mulching materials in sustainable mungbean production. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the effects of different mulching materials on the chemical, physical and biological soil properties, on weed control and yield, and to identify mulching materials that are environmentally friendly in mungbean production. The experiment was conducted at the Fruit and Vegetables Seeds Center, Science City of $Mu/tilde{n}oz$, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from May to July 2004. The initial soil chemical properties were: pH of 6.4, 2.0 percent organic matter content, 0.10 percent total nitrogen, 22 ppm phosphorus, and 370 ppm available potassium. The soil microbial loads were $8\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for bacteria and $14\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for fungi. Mushroom spent mulch increased soil organic matter with an average of 3.13 percent, nitrogen with an average of 0.16 percent and the highest number of bacterial count with $3.4\times10^8\;CFU\;g^{-1}$. Use of mulch, except rice straw mulch, generally increased mungbean yield. The best mulching material for high yield production of mungbean was black polyethylene plastic film, although environmentally unfriendly.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 1993

미생물에 의한 균체외 단백질의 생산 및 그 분비조건에 관한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 토양으로 부터 단백질 생산균주 11주를 분리하여 그 중 단백질 생산능이 강한 WY-60 균주를 선정하여 동정한 결과, Bacillus sp.으로 확인되었다. WY-60 균주의 단백질생산 최적조건은 fructose 4.0%, polypeptone 1.0%, $NH_4NO_3$ 0.1%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.1%, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ 0.005%, $CaCO_3$ 1.0%, pH 8.0 및 온도 $30^{\circ}C$이였다. WY-60 균주는 penicillin G와 lincomycin을 첨가시에 단백질 생산을 촉진하였고 그 외의 항생물질의 첨가시는 단백질 생산을 증가하는 효과가 없었다. 배양시간에 따른 단백질 생산은 배양 5일째에 0.214 mg/ml로 최대가 되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2016

Natamycin is a widely used antifungal antibiotic. For natamycin biosynthesis, the gene pimE encodes cholesterol oxidase, which acts as a signalling protein. To confirm the positive effect of the gene pimE on natamycin biosynthesis, an additional copy of the gene pimE was inserted into the genome of Streptomyces gilvosporeus 712 under the control of the ermE* promoter (p_ermE*) using intergeneric conjugation. Overexpression of the target protein engendered 72% and 81% increases in the natamycin production and cell productivity, respectively, compared with the control strain. Further improvement in the antibiotic production was achieved in a 1 L fermenter to 7.0 g/l, which was a 153% improvement after 120 h cultivation. Exconjugants highly expressing pimE and pimM were constructed to investigate the effects of both genes on the increase of natamycin production. However, the co-effect of pimE and pimM did not enhance the antibiotic production obviously, compared with the exconjugants highly expressing pimE only. These results suggest not only a new application of cholesterol oxidase but also a useful strategy to genetically engineer natamycin production.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 1997

The pH of microbial culture medium was calculated from equations of equilibrium, meterial balances for ionic components and electro-neutrality theory. Ammonium ion consumption and Acetic acid production are found out to be the major contributors for the alteration of the pH as well as the buffer capacity of the medium. By measuring the buffer capacity on-line, levels of acetic acid were estimated by a software sensor using pH signal in a fermentation process of E.coli growing in a minimal medium. The measured values of acetic acid showed good correlation to those of estimated by the software sensor.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.478-481
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• 2006

Energy is vital to global prosperity, yet dependence on fossil fuels as our primary energy source contributes to global climate change environmental degradation, and health problems. Hydrogen $(H_2)$ offers tremendous potential as a clean renewable energy currency. Hydrogen has the highest gravimetric energy density of any known fuel and is compatible with electrochemical and combustion processes for energy conversion without producing carbon-based emission that contribute to environmental pollution and climate change. Numerous methodologies have been developed for effective hydrogen production. Among them, the biological hydrogen production has gained attention, because hydrogen can be produced by cellular metabolismunder the presence of water and sunlight. The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is capable of sustained $H_2$ photoproduction when grown under sulfur deprived condition. Under sulfur deprived conditions, PSII and photosynthetic $O_2$ evolution are inactivated, resulting in shift from aerobic to anaerobic condition in the culture. After anaerobiosis, sulfur deprived algal cells induce a reversible hydrogenase and start to evolve $H_2$ gas in the light. According to above principle, we investigated the effect of induction parameters such as cell age, cell density. light intensity, and sulfate concentration under sulfur deprived condition We also developed continuous hydrogen production system by sulfate re-addition under sulfur deprived condition.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.388.2-388
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• 2001