• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2012

To investigate the biochemical nature of changes in vaginal physiology during estrus and pregnancy, we examined the cytology and viscosity, and monitored the protein expression profile in vaginal mucus during estrus and pregnancy. The viscosity progressively decreased from estrus to pregnancy. Cell type analysis revealed that white blood cells progressively increased from estrus to pregnancy, while red blood cells progressively decreased during pregnancy. The cornification index (CI) was higher in estrus than in pregnancy. Protein mass spectrumetry identified the presence of ribosome-binding protein 1, GRIP 1 (Glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1)-associated protein 1, DUF729 (Domain of unknown function729) domain-containing protein 1, prolactin precursor, dihydrofolatereductase, and MMP (Matrix metalloprotease)-9 in vaginal mucus. MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in the vaginal mucus were active throughout estrus and gestation, as measured by a gelatinase assay, but most abundant in the vaginal mucus on day 0 of estrus. Results from ELISA of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were in accordance with the gelatinase assay. In light of the crucial role of metalloproteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling, the level of MMP-9 in vaginal mucus might be useful as an indicator of estrus and pregnancy to increase the efficiency of reproduction.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.813-826
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• 2015

This research deals with an estimation method for kinetic reaction model. The kinetic reaction model is a model to explain spread or changing process based on interaction between species on the Biochemical area. This model can be applied to a model for disease spreading as well as a model for system Biology. In the search, we assumed that the spread of species is stochastic and we construct the reaction model based on stochastic movement. We utilized Gillespie algorithm in order to construct likelihood function. We introduced a Bayesian estimation method using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods that produces more stable results. We applied the Bayesian estimation method to the Lotka-Volterra model and gene transcription model and had more stable estimation results.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

Localized in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy was applied to evaluate the postmortem catabolism of high energy phosphates in rabbit skeletal muscle tissue. In the premortem processes all of the important high energy phosphate metabolites were characterized, and particularly phosphocreatine (PCr) resonance signal was the strongest. In the immediate phases of the postmortem processes the signal intensities of PCr, phosphomonoesters (PME), phosphodiesters(PDE), $\alpha$-, $\beta$- and ${\gamma}$-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resonance began to decrease while the signal intensity of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) resonance began to increase. The present study suggests that localized in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy may provide more precise biochemical information of the early postmortem period based on the metabolic alterations of phosphate. The unique ability of localized in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy to offer noninvasive information about tissue biochemistry in animals as well as human may have an impact on thanatochronology and medicolegal science.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.8-14
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• 2008

A fully CMOS-integrated carbon nanotube (CNT) sensor array is proposed. After the sensor chip is fabricated in commercial CMOS process, the CNTs network is formed on the top of the fabricated sensor chip through the room-temperature post-CMOS processes. When the resistance of the CNT is changed by the chemical reaction, the read-out circuit in the chip measures the charging time of the $R_{CNT}$-Capacitor. finally the information of measured frequency is converted to a digital code. The CMOS sensor chip was fabricated by standard 0.18um technology and the size of the $8{\times}8$ sensor array is $2mm{\times}2mn$. We have carried out an experiment detecting the biochemical material, glutamate, using this sensor chip. From the experiment the CMOS sensor chip shows the feasibility of sensor for the simultaneous detection of the various target materials.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.3567-3570
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• 2014

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in men and the third most common cancer in woman in Thailand. This retrospective study was designed to assess the prevalence, clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes and prognosis of HCC in the central region of Thailand. Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed all HCC patients aged more than 15 years old in Thammasat university hospital (TUH) during the period from January 2007 to December 2012. Clinical information, biochemical tests and radiologic findings were collected from review of medical records. Results: There were 308 patients with HCC, which accounted for the prevalence of 5.19% of all cancers diagnosed in TUH during the study period. Of these, 125 (40.5%) had complete information retrievable from their medical records and met the inclusion criteria, 99 (79.2%) were males. The mean age was 57.4 years. A quarter of HCC patients in this study presented without any symptom before diagnosis. The common clinical presentations in the remaining patients were hepatomegaly 64/125 (51.2%), abdominal pain 56/125 (44.8%) and ascites 16/125 (20.8%). Cirrhosis was seen in almost all patients (92.8%). The most common causes of HCC in this study were chronic hepatitis B (49.6%) and C (19.2%). Based on Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging, 75.4% presented at intermediate or late stage. Patients receiving curative therapy with either surgical treatment or radiofrequency ablation had significantly longer survival time after the HCC diagnosis than the palliative therapy group (11.0 months vs 4.0 months, p value= 0.004). The mean survival time after the HCC diagnosis was 10.5 months. Conclusions: The common causes of HCC in central region of Thailand were chronic hepatitis B and C. Surgical therapy or RFA seemed to provide better outcomes than other treatments but only in patients with early stage lesions. Most of the patients in this study presented with advanced diseases and had grave prognosis. Appropriate screening patients at risk for HCC might be an appropriate way to achieve early diagnosis and improve the treatment outcome.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.922-926
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• 2005

The present study was aimed to investigate proteome affected by Panax ginseng extracts in chicken muscles. The whole muscle proteins from chicken fed boiled extracts of 0% (control), 1%, 3%, and 5% Panax ginseng in water were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gels using immobilized non-linear gradient (pH 3-10) strips. More than 300 protein spots were detected on silver staining gels. Among them, four protein spots were distinctively up-regulated by Panax ginseng treatments and further investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The obtained MS data were searched against SwissProt database using the Mascot search engine. The up-regulated proteins were finally identified as $\alpha$-tropomyosin (2 spots), triosephosphate isomerase, and one unknown protein. Based on the known functions of the identified proteins, they are highly related to muscle development and enhanced immunity in chickens. These proteins can give valuable information of biochemical roles for Panax ginseng in chicken meats.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.369-374
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• 2008

A novel fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) prism with the spectral modulation is presented. The SPR sensor chip is fabricated using the SU-8 photolithography, Ni-electroplating and COC injection molding process. The sidewall of the COC prism is partially deposited with Au/Cr (45/2.nm thickness) by e-beam evaporator, and the thermal bonding process is conducted for micro fluidic channels and optical fibers alignment. The SPR spectrum for a phosphate buffered saline (0.1.M PBS, pH.7.2) solution shows a distinctive dip at 1300.nm wavelength, which shifts toward longer wavelength with respect to the bovine serum albumin (BSA)concentrations. The sensitivity of the wavelength shift is $1.16\;nm{\cdot}{\mu}g^{-1}{\cdot}{\mu}l^{-1}$. From the wavelength of SPR dips, the refractive indices (RI) of the BSA solutions can be theoretically calculated using Kretchmann configuration, and the change rate of the RI was found to be $2.3{\times}10^{-5}RI{\cdot}{\mu}g^{-1}{\cdot}l^{-1}$. The realized fiber optic SPR sensor with a COC prism has clearly shown the feasibility of a new disposable, low cost and miniaturized SPR biosensor for biochemical molecular analyses.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.222-229
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Aging is an imperative problem for many countries in this century, and presents several challenges for the maintenance of good nutritional status. This study aims to assess the impact of socio-demographic factors, lifestyle and health status on the nutritional status among the elderly in Taiwan. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Taiwan. Data were obtained from the Mei Jau Health Management Institution, which is a private health evaluation provider with multiple health screening centers in Taiwan and Asia. This study included 7947 adults aged 65 years or above. The data were extracted between 2001 to 2010. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric data, biochemical data and dietary intake information. RESULTS: Among the 7947 participants with mean age of 70.1 (SD = 4.5) years, 20.2%, 6.6%, 10.5% and 52.5% experienced underweight, protein malnutrition, anemia and inadequate dietary intake in the past month, respectively. Age was negatively correlated with body weight (r = -0.19, P = 0.02), body mass index (r = -0.41, P < 0.001), albumin level (r = -0.93, P < 0.001) and hemoglobin level (r = -0.30, P = 0.008). Age above 70 years, gender, unmarried status, retirement, lack of education, low family income, smoking, alcohol drinking, sleep duration of 6-8 hours, vegetarian diet, multiple medications, comorbidity and dysphagia were positively associated with malnutrition in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Underweight and inadequate dietary intake are prevalent among the elderly in Taiwan. Vegetarian diet, multiple medications, comorbidity, dysphagia and lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking and sleep duration of 6-8 hours are risk factors for undernutrition in older adults.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.887-896
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• 2004

The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Mongolian horses. The blood redcell types and blood protein types(biochemical polymorphisrns) were tested from 19 Mongolian horses by serological and electrophoretic procedure, and their phenotypes and gene frequencies were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were $A^{af}$(42.1%), $C^a$(89.5%), $K^-$(84.2%), $U^a$(63.2%), $P^a$(42.1%) $P^-$42.1%), $Q^c$(31.6%) $Q^-$(31.6%), $AL^{AB}$((52.6%), AI$B^K$(89.5%), $ES^1$(63.2%), $GC^F$(78.9%), $HB^BI$1(68.4%), PG$D^F$(84.2%), $TF^{FIR}$(21.1%), $TF^{F2R}$(21.1%)(21.1%), and genotypes $D^{cgm/dghm}$(15.8%), $D^{dghm/dghm}$(15.8%), $D^{ad/dghm}$(10.5%), $D^{ade/dghm}$(10.5%), in Mongolian horses, respectively. Alleles observed with high frequency were $A^a$(0.4211), $C^a$(0.8947), $K^-$(0.8421), $U^a$(0.6316), $P^a$(0.4474), $Q^c$(0.4474), $D^{dghm}$(0.4211), $AL^B$(0.6579), $AIB^K$(0.9211), $ES^I$(0.7895), $GC^F$(0.8947), $HB^{BI}$(0.7895), $PGD^F$(0.8421) and $TF^R$(0.3421) in Mongolian horses. These results present basic information for estimating the genetic relationships between the Korean native horse, and developing a system for parentage verification and individuals identification in Mongolian horse.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.6 s.73
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• pp.972-978
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Jeju horses. The redcell cypes (blood groups) and blood protein types (biochemical polymorphisms) were tested from 102 Jeju horses by serological and electrophoretc procedure, and their phenotypes and gene frequencies were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were $A^{af}\;(27.45\%$), $C^{a}\;(99.02\%$), $K^{-}\;(97.06\%$), $U^{a}\;(62.75\%$), $P^{b}\;(36.27\%$), $Q^{c}\;(47.06\%$), $D^{cgm/dghm}\;(13.73\%$), $D^{adn/cgm}\;(9.80\%$), $D^{ad/cgm}$\;(8.82\%$), $D^{dghm/dghm}(7.84\%$), $D^{cgm/cgm}(7.84\%$), $AL^{B}\;(48.04\%$), $GC^{F}\;(99.02\%$), $AlB^{K}\;(97.06\%$), $ES^{FI}\;(36.27\%$), $TF^{F2}\;(25.49\%$), $HB^{B1}\;(45.10\%$), and $PGD^{F}\;(86.27\%$) in Jeju horses, respectively. Alleles observed with high gene frequency were $A^{af}$ (0.3726), $A^{C}$ (0.2647), $C^{-}$ (0.5050), $K^{-}$ (0.9853), $U^{-}$ (0.6863), $P^{b}$ (0.4657), $Q^{c}$ (0.5294), $D^{cgm}$ (0.3039), $HB^{B1}$(0.6863), $PGD^{F}$ (0.9265), $AL^{B}$ (0.6912), $ALB^{K}$ (0.9852), $GC^{F}$ (0.9950), $ES^{I}$ (0.5000) and $TF^{F2}$ (0.4950) in Jeju horses, and sfecific alleles, $D^{cgm(f)}$ (0.0196), $HB^{A}$ (0.0147), $HB^{A2}$ (0.0196), $ES^{G}$ (0.0441), $ES^{H}$ (0.0098), $TF^{E}$TF'(0.0246), $TF^{H2}$ (0.0049) and $PGD^{D}$ (0.0098) were detected in Jeju horses. These preliminary results present basic information for detecting the genetic markers in Jeju horse. and developing a system for parentage verification and individuals identification in jeju horses.