• 대한수의학회지
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.4
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• 2022

A 10-year-old, spayed female, Doberman Pinscher dog presented with right forelimb lameness. On physical examination, painful reaction and crepitation were present at the right shoulder. Radiographic evaluation of the shoulder revealed nothing remarkable. On the ultrasonography of the right shoulder joint, 2 small echogenic masses accompanied by reverberation artifacts were observed in the right biceps tendon near its origin at the supraglenoid tuberosity. Based on these findings, we suspected biceps calcifying tendinopathy. Clinical signs resolved intermittently after administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. This study described the ultrasonographic findings of calcifying biceps brachii tendinopathy which is an unusual finding in dogs.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2007

목적: 체내 흡수성 간섭 나사를 이용한 상완 이두건 장두의 최소 절개 건고정술을 시행하여 만족할 만한 임상적 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 수술 후 4개월 이상 추시가 가능하였던 10례를 대상으로 하였으며 남자가 7례, 여자가 3례였다. 평균 연령은 45.8세($26{\sim}67$)였으며 우측이 8례, 좌측이 2례였다. 상완 이두건 손상의 원인으로는 스포츠 활동 4례, 외상의 병력이 없어 퇴행성 변화로 진단된 경우가 4례, 산업재해 1례, 교통사고 1례였다. 수술방법은 먼저 관절경적 검사를 시행하여 병변을 확인한 다음 최소절개를 통한 간섭나사못을 이용하여 개방적 건고정술을 시행하였다. 임상적 결과는 ASES standardized shoulder score index를 사용하였다. 결과: 추시 기간은 평균 12.1개월($4{\sim}20$), 술전 ASES점수는 평균 38.5점이었으며 최종 추시시 ASES점수는 평균 87.5점($85{\sim}95$)으로 우수한 결과를 보였다. 결론: 체내 흡수성 간섭 나사를 이용한 상완 이두건 장두의 최소 절개 건고정술이 만족할만한 임상적 결과를 보여 매우 유용한 수술 방법이라 사료된다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the dual rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (D-RUSI) when simultaneously measuring muscle thickness changes at rest and during co-contraction of the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included 36 healthy participants (23 men, 13 women). The participants sat on a chair in a comfortable position with a cushion placed under their elbow to maintain a 90-degree elbow flexion angle. The muscle thickness of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii was measured twice using the D-RUSI by two examiners during resting and co-contraction states. One week later, the same procedure was performed once again. Results: The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.887 to 0.989 and the confidence interval was within an acceptable range of 0.778 to 0.994. The standard error of measurement (SEM) values ranged from 0.303 to 0.866 and the minimal detectable change (MDC) values ranged from 0.84 to 2.40. The ICCs for inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.758 to 0.925. The SEM values ranged from 0.702 to 1.486 and the MDC values ranged from 1.95 to 4.12. Conclusions: The use of the D-RUSI of the BB muscle had a very good intra-rater reliability and very good inter-rater reliability at the resting state, and a, good inter-rater reliability at the co-activation state. ICC values showed very good intra-reliability and inter-reliability for the TB muscle. the D-RUSI is a useful tool for simultaneously measuring the thickness of two muscles when the BB is an agonist and the TB is an antagonist during co-activation of the upper arm.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2010

목적: 상완 이두근 장두의 고정술을 시행하는데 있어 흉근하 (subpectoral) 간섭 나사못 고정술의 임상적 결과에 대해 후향적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년 1월부터 2009년 1월까지 상완 이두근 장두의 건 고정술을 시행한 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 최소 1년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 23예를 대상으로 하였다. 그 중 회전근개 파열을 동반한 경우는 16예였다. 결과는 VAS, ASES, 상완 이두건 구의 통증, 고정실패 및 변형의 정도로 판단하였다 (BAD). 결과: 최종 추시 시 모든 환자에서 수술 전에 비해서 VAS, ASES점수는 의미 있게 호전되었으며 고정의 실패나 합병증은 없었다. 회전근개 파열을 동반한 군과 그렇지 않는 군에서는 최종 추시시 회전근개 파열이 없는 군에서 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었으나 통계학적인 의미는 없었다(p>0.05). 결론: 상완 이두건 근위부 병변에 의한 통증이 있는 환자에서 흉근하 건 고정술은 최종 추시시 통증의 경감이나 기능적인 이두근 근력의 유지, 미용상으로 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.170-177
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• 1999

본 논문의 목적은 상완 이두 건의 병변을 진단하기 위한 여러 가지 유발 검사 중 어떤 검사가 가장 많이 상완 이두근을 활성화시키는지 알아보고자 함이다. 저자들은 12명의 건강한 지원자들의 견관절에 대하여 상완 이두 건의 병적인 상태에 대한 유발 검사를 시행하면서 네 가지 근육, 즉 이두근, 극상근, 극하근 그리고 견갑하근에 대한 근전도를 시행하여 정량적으로 분석을 하였다. 유발 검사로는Speed 검사, Yergason 검사, Ludington 검사, Heutel· 검사, 0'Brien 검사 그리고 외전-신전 검사 등을 시행하였다. 각각의 검사는 수의적 최대 수축의 약 30% 정도의 힘을 주게 한 상태에서 시행되었다. 상완 이두 건의 활성도의 수준은 Speed 검사에서만 다른 회전 근 개의 근육보다 높게 나타났다. 즉 상완 이두 근에서는 28%, 극하근에서는 25%, 극상근에서는 25% 그리고 견갑하근에서는 21%의 활성도를 각각 나타내었다. 상완 이두 근의 도수적 최대 근력 수축에 대한 근육 활성도의 수준은 Speed 검사와 전완을 회내 시킨 상태에서의 0'Brien 검사에서 다른 검사보다 높게 나타났다. Speed 검사는 다른 검사에 비해 상완 이두 근의 활성도를 좀 더 잘 단독화 시킬 수 있었으나 다른 회전 근 개의 근육들도 같이 활성화되었기 때문에 특이적이라고는 할 수 없었다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2014

Background: Sonoelastography (SE) is a new technique that can assess differences in tissue stiffness, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of SE to assess the long head of biceps tendon alteration. Methods: Forty shoulders of 36 consecutively registered patients with clinical symptoms and conventional ultrasonography findings of biceps tendinitis or tendinosis, and 40 asymptomatic shoulders of 20 healthy volunteers were assessed with SE. Transverse and longitudinal images of long head of biceps tendon were obtained using SE. SE images were performed by one orthopedic surgeon and evaluated by two orthopedic surgeons using an experimentally proven color grading system. Results: The transverse images of SE showed a sensitivity of 87.5%, a specificity of 95.0% and a accuracy of 91.3%, the longitudinal images of SE showed a sensitivity of 92.5%, a specificity of 90.0% and a accuracy of 91.3%. Inter-observer reliability of SE was in 'almost perfect agreement' with a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.83. Conclusions: SE is valuable in the detection of the intratendinous and peritendinous alterations of biceps tendon, and has excellent accuracy and excellent correlation with conventional ultrasound findings.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

This study aims to comparison of ultrasonography on both sides of the upper arm of hemiplegic patient. The biceps brachii and deltoid muscle of ten subjects(4 men, 6 women) with stroke were scanned with ultrasonography at the muscle belly at rest at elbow angles of 90 deg. The echogenicity(densit, white area index; WAI) and muscle thickness of ultrasonography was examined using real-time B-mode ultrasonography with 7.5 MHz linear-array prob. In the biceps brachii muscle, MHz there were significant differences of thickness, density, and WAI between affected side and non-affected side. In the deltoid muscle, there were significant differences of thickness, density, and WAI between affected side and non-affected side. Both of the muscles, thickness of the affected side was thin than non-affected side and echogenicity(density, WAI) of the affected side was higher than non-affected side. This study showed that change of skeletal muscle architecture properties occurred in the upper arm of the affected side muscle of hemiplegic patient.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2003

Median frequency can be regarded as a valid indicator of local muscle fatigue. As local muscle fatigue develops, the muscle fiber conduction velocity decreases, the fast twitch fibers are recruited less, and consequently the median frequency shifts toward the lower frequency area. The aim of this study was to test the characteristics of the median frequency according to exercise load (30% and 60% of MVC on the biceps brachii, 40% and 80% of MVC on the vastus lateralis) during the fatiguing isometric exercise. Thirteen healthy male volunteer students of Yonsei University were recruited. After the testing maximal voluntary isometric contraction, three variables (initial median frequency, regression slope, fatigue index) from the regression line of MDF data were measured in each exercise load. The results showed that the regression slope and fatigue index were significantly different for the biceps brachii, but not for the vastus lateralis initial MDF was not significant difference according to the exercise load on both muscles. The regression slope and fatigue index could monitor physiologic muscle change during fatiguing isometric exercise. The results showed that two MDF variables reflect the local muscle fatigue according to the exercise load.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1246-1254
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• 2009

The reproducibility of initial value and change over time of surface EMG spike variables(MSA, MSF, MSS, MSD) was investigated in the biceps brachii muscle of 11 healthy subjects. Surface EMG signals were recorded during sustained isometric voluntary contractions for 30 seconds at three contraction levels, 20%, 50%, and 80%MVC, respectively. Each contraction was repeated three times in each of three different days for a total of nine contractions and 99 contractions per %MVC level across the eleven subjects. A total of 297 EMG signals across the different trials, days, subjects, and %MVC levels was saved for the subsequent analysis. The degree of reproducibility was investigated using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) and the standard error of the mean(SEM) based upon the analysis of variance(ANOVA), Results for intercept showed higher reproducibility of the spike variables with about 60%-98% ICC than the variable(ARV, MNF) which had been analyzed before in other researches. And results for slope showed poor reproducibility of the spike variables with about 30%-70% ICC and they were comparable with the variables of other researches.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to describe the correlation between the activity of the muscles of upper and lower limbs of a golf driver swing according to shoulder injury. Method : The subjects were 18 professional golfers (7 male in KPGA and 11 female in KLPGA). Using surface electromyography, we evaluated muscle activities during the golf drive swing. Surface electrodes were used to record the level of muscle activity in the left Deltoid(MD), Triceps Brachii(TB), Pectoralis(PM), Trapezius(UT), Rectus Femoris(RF), Vastus Medialis Obilique(VMO), Biceps Femoris(BF), Gastrocnemius(GCM) muscles during the golfer's swing. The golf swing was divided into five phases: take away, forward swing, acceleration, early follow through, late follow through. Results : The results can be summarized as follows: MD, VMO had statistically significant difference in take away phases, GCM had statistically significant difference in acceleration phases, MD, PM, VMO had statistically significant difference in early follow through phases, PM had statistically significant difference in late follow through phases, Conclusion : Muscle activity of the 8 muscles(Deltoid, Triceps Brachii, Pectoralis, Trapezius, Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis Obilique, Biceps Femoris, Gastrocnemius) along the shoulder damage or absence of has shown that they are organically connected to each of the phases.