• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.981-992
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• 2015

This study is mainly focused on micellar effect of tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(TTABr) solution including alkylbenzimidazole(R-BI) on dephosphorylation of diphenyl-4-nitrophenylphosphinate(DPNPIN) in carbonate buffer(pH 10.7). Dephosphorylation of DPNPIN is accelerated by $BI^{\Theta}$ ion in $10^2$ M Carbonate buffer(pH 10.7) of $4{\times}10^{-4}$ M TTABr solution up to 80 times as compared with the reaction in Carbonate buffer by no benzimidazole(BI) solution of TTABr. The value of pseudo first order rate constant($k_{\psi}$) of the reaction in TTABr solution reached a maximum rate constant increasing micelle concentration. The reaction mediated by $R-BI^{\Theta}$ in micellar solutions are obviously slower than those by $BI^{\Theta}$, and the reaction rate were decreased with increase of lengths of alkyl groups. It seems due to steric effect of alkyl groups of $R-BI^{\Theta}$ in Stern layer of micellar solution. The surfactant reagent, TTABr, strongly catalyzes the reaction of DPNPIN with R-BI and its anion($R-BI^{\Theta}$) in Carbonate buffer(pH 10.7). For example, $4{\times}10^{-4}$ M TTABr in $1{\times}10^{-4}$ M BI solution increase the rate constant($k_{\psi}=99.7{\times}10^{-4}1/sec$) of the dephosphorylation by a factor ca. 28, when compared with reaction($k_{\psi}=3.5{\times}10^{-4}1/sec$) in BI solution(without TTABr). And no TTABr solution, in BI solution increase the rate constant($k_{\psi}=3.5{\times}10^{-4}1/sec$) of the dephosphorylation by a factor ca. 39, when compared with reaction ($k_{\psi}=1.0{\times}10^{-5}1/sec$) in water solution(without BI).

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2008.06b
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• pp.411-415
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• 2008

최근 멀티미디어 응용에서 XML은 메타데이터를 표현하기 위하여 그 사용량이 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 그 예로는 MPEG-7 MDS, MPEG-21등이 있다. 이러한 XML형식의 메타데이터의 크기를 줄이기 위하여 MPEG-7에서 정의한 포맷이 Binary Format for Metadata(BiM)이다. BiM은 스트리밍을 고려하여 단편화를 통한 점진적인 전송이 가능하며, 압축률이 높고 복호화에 따르는 오버헤드가 작다는 장점을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 BiM에 대한 간단한 소개와 모바일 환경에 적합하도록 구현한 BiM 복호기의 설계 및 구현에 대하여 소개한다.구현한 복호기는 모바일 환경의 다양한 플랫폼에서의XML 파싱 모듈과 DOM 트리모듈에 대한 종속성을 제거하기 위하여, 스키마 파일의 파싱을 데스크탑에서 수행하고 이에 대한 파싱 결과를 자체 정의한 Syntax File 형식으로 복호기에 전송할 수 있도록 하였다. 또, BiM형태로 전송되는 ESG 메타데이터와 MPEG-4 LASeR 스트림에 대하여 Windows, Windows CE, embeded Linux 환경에서 정상적으로 복호화 하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

The electrochemical behaviors of polycrystalline silver electrodes in 8M KOH solutions containing $Bi_2O_3$ were studied under various conditions by cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic and galvanostatic techniques as well as the morphology of the silver oxide structures by SEM. It was found that three new compounds comprising silver, bismuth, and oxygen as well as $Bi_2O_3$, $Ag_2O$ and AgO were formed during the electrochemical oxidation of silver. In addition, the potentiostatic current transients were characterized by the appearances of the first current peaks corresponding to the formation of silver oxides, and the second current peaks corresponding to the Ag-Bi-O compounds, indicating the presence of the nucleation and 3D growth mechanism, in the potential regions of $Ag_2O$ and AgO, respectively. Microscopic examinations showed that two types of silver (I) oxide morphologies are formed in the potential region of $Ag_2O$.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.204-210
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• 1995

The characteristics of the internal circuits and the load capacitance should be included to optimize the size of BiCMOS buffer. In order to get the optimum size and delay time of the BiCMOS buffer, new size plane is suggested. By using the size plane, the optimum characteristics of CMOS buffer according to the number of stages can be obtained. From this method, delaytime, .tau.$_{D}$, is obtained 2.39 nsec with $V_{\var}$=5V, $C_{L}$=5pF, W=30.mu.m and $A_{e}$=135.mu. $m^{2}$.>..>...>.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.733-748
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• 2018

In this paper, we investigate a new subclass $S^{{\varphi},{\lambda}}_{{\Sigma}_m}$ of ${\Sigma}_m$ consisting of analytic and m-fold symmetric bi-univalent functions satisfying subordination in the open unit disk U. We consider the Fekete-$Szeg{\ddot{o}}$ inequalities for this class. Also, we establish estimates for the coefficients for this subclass and several related classes are also considered and connections to earlier known results are made.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

An in-plane thermoelectric sensor was processed on a glass substrate by evaporation of the n-type Bi-Te and p-type Sb-Te thin films, and its sensing characteristics were evaluated. The n-type Bi-Te thins film used to fabricate the inplane sensor exhibited a Seebeck coefficient of -165 ${\mu}V$/K and a power factor of $80{\times}10^{-4}W/K^2-m$. The p-type Sb-Te thin film used to fabricate the in-plane sensor exhibited a Seebeck coefficient of 142 ${\mu}V$/K and a power factor of $51.7{\times}10^{-4}W/K^2-m$. The in-plane thermoelectric sensor consisting of 15 pairs of the n-type Bi-Te and the p-type Sb-Te evaporated thin films exhibited a sensitivity of 2.8 mV/K.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.697-700
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• 2008

The underpotential deposited Bi on Pt($Bi_{upd}/Pt$) anode for formic acid fuel cells (FAFCs) was developed using multi-layered preparation method for better electrocatalytic utilization of Pt. The electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) result indicated that $Bi_{upd}$ remains through the catalyst layer during stability test. In performance test, the multilayered $Bi_{upd}$ on Pt black showed superior performance by approximately 200 mV at current density of $150mA/cm^2$ compared with PtRu black anode catalyst. Based on preparation condition of $Bi_{upd}/Pt$ black, carbon supported $Bi_{upd}/Pt/C$ electrode was prepared and it showed enhanced performance and stability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.480-481
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• 2006

The n-type $(95%Bi_2Te_3-5%Bi_2Se_3)$ compound was newly fabricated by gas atomization and hot extrusion, which is considered to be a mass production technique of this alloy. The effect of powder size on thermoelectric properties of 0.04% $SbI_3$ doped $95%Bi_2Te_3-5%Bi_2Se_3$ alloy were investigated. Seebeck coefficient $({\alpha})$ and Electrical resistivity $(\rho)$ increased with increasing powder size due to the decrease in carrier concentration by oxygen content. With increasing powder size, the compressive strength of $95%Bi_2Te_3-5%Bi_2Se_3$ alloy was increased due to the relative high density. The compound with ${\sim}300\;{\mu}m$ size shows the highest power factor among the four different powder sizes. The rapidly solidified and hot extruded compound using $200[\sim}300{\mu}m$ powder size shows the highest compressive strength.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.347-356
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• 1987

This paper is to propose a new line code suitable for a high speed unipolar pulse transmission system, such as a high speed optical digital transmission system. The original information speed can be converted into the transmission speed $\frac{(m+1)}{m}$ by the speed converter. Then this code, named mBiZ code, is generated by means of an Exclusive NOR between the bit stream inserted a space into every m bits and the bit stream delayed by the time slot allocated a single bit at the output coded sequence. Therefore, a mBiZ code can reduce a redundancy in the line code for transmission and its conversion circuits can be devised easily. The mBiZ code can also suppress undesirable long consecuitive identical digits and make line code balance in the mark and space ratio. Therefore, high frequency and low frequency components in power spectrum of a mBiZ code can be suppessed.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1993

$Bi_{x}Dy_{3-x}Al_{1}Fe_{4}O_{12}$(x=1, 1.2, 1.5) magnetic garnet films were fabricated on the glass substrates by pyrolysis method. As the Bi content was increased, the saturation magnetization increased from 5 emu/cc to 11 emu/cc and all the films showed perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. As the content of Bi was increased, Faraday rotation angle (${\theta}_F$) at 780 nm of the films increased from $0.11^{\circ}/\mu\textrm{m}$ to $0.20^{\circ}/\mu\textrm{m}$ and the garnet crystallization temperature decreased from $660^{\circ}C$ to $630^{\circ}C$. Also, the coercivity ($H_{c}$) decreased from 1200 Oe to 600 Oe and the grain sizes increased. $H_{c}$ decreased from 1750 Oe to 1200 Oe and ${\theta}_F$ increased due to the interference of the reflected laser light as the thickness of the films increased from $2000\;{\AA}$ to $4000\;{\AA}$.