• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2014

We describe the application of a distributed optical fiber sensor based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, as an integrated system for safety monitoring of railway infrastructures. The strain distribution was measured statically and dynamically along 60 meters of rail track, as well as along a 3-m stone arch bridge. We show that, gluing an optical fiber along the rail track, traffic monitoring can be performed in order to identify the train passage over the instrumented sector and determine its running conditions. Furthermore, dynamic and static strain measurements on a rail bridge are reported, aimed to detect potential structural defects. The results indicate that distributed sensing technology represents a valuable tool in railway traffic and safety monitoring.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.1 s.41
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• pp.7-19
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is the study on the piazza plan of basilica S. Pietro. The results of study are as follows: 1. The piazza of the basilica S. Pietro was planned in relation to building-piazza-symbol of interior piazza-street as city planning characteristic of Baroque and architectural characteristic of elliptical piazza form. 2. The function of piazza of basilica S. Pietro was planned for religious meeting of a grand scale than a piazza for the common run of people. 3. In general, the disposition, ground, elevation and section plan of the piazza of basilica S. Pietro was planned by principle of spatial and formal composition, according to axis, symmetry, proportion, division and contrast. 4. The location, scale, shape of piazza for disposition and ground plan of the piazza of basilica S. Pietro was basically decided by not only elements of Basilica building, Vatican Palace, Street and Walls of surroundings with axis of the Basilica building, but Fountain and Obelisk as existing constituent elements. 5. The elevation of the piazza of basilica S. Pietro was composed of boundary that was enclosed from wall of trapezoid piazza and gallery of elliptical piazza with equal height as symmetry. And the section plan was planned to approach into the Basilica through slope and stairs of gentle angle, utilizing of existing land form.