• Title/Summary/Keyword: Benzophenanthridine alkaloid

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Precursor Feeding Effects of Alkaloid Production in Suspension Cultures of Eschscholtzia californica (캘리포니아 양귀비(Eschscholtzia californica) 현탁세포배양에서 전구체가 알칼로이드 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • 주영운;김철변상요
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.488-494
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    • 1993
  • The accumulation of benzophenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelirubine and macarpine occurred in suspension cultures of Eschscholtzia californica. To increase alkaloid production, feeding experiments with the biosynthetic precursors, tyrosine, tyramine, L-dopa, dopamine with and without elicitation were studied. In feeding experiments with various precursors, the total alkaloid production was slightly increased. The precursor feeding with elicitation, however, increased total alkaloid production several times.

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Phytohormone Effects with Elicitation on Cell Growth and Alkaloid Production in Suspension Cultures of Eschscholtzia californica

  • Ju, Young-Woon;Kim, Chul;Byun, Sang-Yo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.238-243
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    • 1993
  • In the suspension cultures of Eschscholtzia californica, phytohormone effects showed that alkaloid production was increased by IAA treatment without kinetin in both volumetric and specific way. Kinetin, however, suppressed alkaloid accumulation. Addition of ethephon inhibited cell growth. However, it enhanced the alkaloid production significantly in both volumetric and specific way. IAA promoted alkaloid production during elicitation. The highest alkaloid accumulation was observed at 5 $\mu$ M of IAA. Ethephon also enhanced alkaloid production during elicitation. The highest alkaloid formation was observed at 460 mg/l of ethephon with elicitation. Elicitation with ethephon, however, altered cell growth and the pattern of benzophenanthridine alkaloids production.

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Differential Induction of Protein Expression and Benzophenanthridine Alkaloid Accumulation in Eschscholtzia californica Suspension Cultures by Methyl Jasmonate and Yeast Extract

  • Cho, Hwa-Young;Rhee, Hong-Soon;H. Yoon, Sung-Yong;Park, Jong-Moon
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.255-262
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    • 2008
  • Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and yeast extract (YE) induce protein expression and benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation in Eschscholtzia californica suspension cell cultures. One hundred ${\mu}M$ MJ primarily induced dihydrosanguinarine $(509.0{\pm}7.4mg/l)$ ; 0.2g/l YE induced sanguinarine $(146.8{\pm}3.8mg/l)$ and an unknown compound. These results occur because dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase (DHBO) is induced by YE and not by MJ. YE and chitin (CHI) had similar effects on sanguinarine production and DHBO expression. Differential induction of secondary metabolites was shown in E. californica suspension cultures and the expression of proteins confirmed the metabolite results. Furthermore, treatment by various oligosaccharides helped us to understand the elicitation effect of YE in signal transduction pathways.

Elicitation and In Situ Recovery of Alkaloids in Suspension Cultures of California Poppy

  • Byun, Sang-Yo;Pedersen, Henrik
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.220-226
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    • 1991
  • Large and rapid increases in benzophenanthridine alkaloid production occured in suspension cultures of Eschscholtzia californica cells treated with elicitors. Response to different biotic elicitors showed that elicitors prepared from yeast extract, Collectotrichum lindemuthianum and Verticillium dahliae induced alkaloid formation. Highest alkaloid accumulation was obtained with $60\;\mu\textrm{g}$ of yeast extract elicitor per gram of fresh cell weight. In time course performance after elicitor addition, more than 40 hours were required to obtain saturated alkaloid accumulation. Compounded silicone fluid, an ideal accumulation phase for two-phase culture of E. californica, accumulated a large amount of alkaloids produced in a specific manner. Elicitation in two-phase culture clearly increased net alkaloid production as well as their concentrations in the accumulation phase.

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Re-Elicitation with Methyl Jasmonate in Eschscholtzia californica Cell Suspension Cultures

  • Byun, Sang-Yo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.107-110
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    • 2000
  • Elicited cells with methyl jasmonate continued to produce benzophenanthridine alkaloids throughout medium changes in suspension cultures of Eschscholtzia californica. Large increases in alkaloid production were observed by re-elitations with medium changes. The total alkaloid production increased during the successive elicitation steps reaching a maximum level on the 4th elicitation. The highest total alkaloid produced was 250 mg/I, which was 20fold higher than that of the single elicitation and 4-fold higher than that of the normal culture without elicitation. The large increases in alkaloid production in successive re-elicitations with medium changes are believed to be caused by the accumulation of the signal transduction compound, jasmonate.

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Production Enhancement of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids in the Suspension Cultures of California poppy using Cyclodextrin (양귀비 세포 현탁배양계에서 Cyclodextrin을 이용한 Benzophenanthridine alkaloids의 생산성 증대)

  • 박세춘;조규헌
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.411-419
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    • 1996
  • In this research, an extractive production system for alkaloids, where production and some degree of separation occur simultaneously, was developed in a way that the fast removal of alkaloid produced from the suspension cultures was done by capturing alkaloid with cyclodextrins. The alkaloid production was substantially enhanced up to 40 fold when the solid cultures of E. califonica cells treated with ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin compared to the control. The enhancement of alkaloid production was also observed in the suspension cultures. Interestingly, the production pattern seemed to change when the cultures were treated with ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin so that the major part of the alkaloids in the treated cultures was present in the medium, while the non-treated cultures produced the alkaloids intracellularly. ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin was the most effective one in terms of the alkaloid production among the cyclodextrilns(${\alpha}$-cylodextrin, ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin and ${\gamma}$-cyclodextrin) tested in the suspension cultures. ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin showed no adverse effect on the cell growth. The most effective concentration of ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin was observed around 1.5% (w/v) in the suspension cultures. The formation of the inclusion complex of the alkaloids with ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin in the suspension cultures was confirmed by detecting the shift of UV absorbance from 274 nm to 282 nm with a UV spectrophotometer.

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Effects of Gas Recycle on Plant Cell Growth and Secondary Metabolites Production in Airlift Fermentor (Airlift 배양기에서 Gas Recycle이 식물세포 성장 및 이차대사산물 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • 유병삼;변상요
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.180-185
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    • 1994
  • The productivity of alkaloid in the airlift fermentor operation was less than that of suspension coltures of Eschscholtzia californica cells in the shake flask. To overcome the productivity reduction, a gas recycle airlift fermentor was developed because the gas-stripping in normal airlift fermentor was believed to play a significant role for productivity reduction. The alkaloid content in the gas recycle system with Eschscholtzia californica suspension cells was 2.7 times higher than that of normal airlift fermentor. The productivity of alkaloids and $CO_2$ concentration were affected by the volume of gas reservoir in the gas recycle airlift fermentor.

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Synthesis of Benzophenanthridine-Related Alkaloids (벤조펜안드리딘과 관련된 알칼로이드의 합성)

  • Kim, Sin-Kyu;Lee, Hyung-Won;Kim, In-Jong;Lee, Ma-Se
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.250-254
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    • 1992
  • Benzo[C]phenanthidine alkaloids were found to exhibit considerably strong antileukemic activies. These alkaloids have been shown to be biosynthesized from the corresponding alkaloids throung an oxidative $C_6-N$ bond cleavage followed by recyclization between $C_6\;and\;C_{13}$ position of the protoberberine. Recently we have achieved the biomimetic transformation of protoberberine alkaloid, berberine into benzo[C]phenanthridine alkaloid, chelerythrine.

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