• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.790-797
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• 2001

A simple computer vision technology to measure the middle-ranged depth with a mono camera and a plain mirror is proposed. The proposed system is structured with the rotating mirror in front of the fixed mono camera. In contrast to the previous stereo vision system in which the disparity of the closer object is larger than that of the distant object, the pixel movement caused by the rotating mirror is bigger for the pixels of the distant object in the proposed system. Being inspired by such distinguished feature in the proposed system, the principle of the depth measurement based on the relation of the pixel movement and the distance of object is investigated. Also, the factors to influence the precision of the measurement are analysed. The benefits of the proposed system are low price and less chance of occlusion. The robustness for practical usage is an additional benefit of the proposed vision system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.9-20
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• 2010

Surveillance is an enabler of safety with respect to aircraft separation and as a consequence capacity and efficiency with respect to aircraft operations. The new emerging technology among modern civil aviation surveillance is Multilateration (MLAT) which would affect on the surveillance capacity with both side of surveillance signal and operational properties. Multilateration system is needed to receive the signal which must reach at least 3 ground receivers simultaneously and has the effect that will have on with the ultimate accuracy. In this paper, the principle and the system configuration are reviewed. And its benefit of development is considered with use in situations where it is difficult to locate tranditional radar. This MLAT requires no additional avionics equipment to supply service with more accurate and less expensive. And it is able to enhance performance that meets international standards and extend the investment of air navigation service providers with reducing environmental impact by utilizing a small footprint on existing structures. Finally, it can be added to meet a wide range of coverage requirements and future surveillance needs.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2018

In this paper, a new quasi-3D sinusoidal shear deformation theory for functionally graded (FG) plates is proposed. The theory considers both shear deformation and thickness-stretching influences by a trigonometric distribution of all displacements within the thickness, and respects the stress-free boundary conditions on the upper and lower faces of the plate without employing any shear correction coefficient. The advantage of the proposed model is that it posses a smaller number of variables and governing equations than the existing quasi-3D models, but its results compare well with those of 3D and quasi-3D theories. This benefit is due to the use of undetermined integral unknowns in the displacement field of the present theory. By employing the Hamilton principle, equations of motion are obtained in the present formulation. Closed-form solutions for bending and free vibration problems are determined for simply supported plates. Numerical examples are proposed to check the accuracy of the developed theory.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.183-203
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• 2007

Origin regulation of Korea AESAN FTA prescribe by general standard fulfills alteration standards 40% standard or HS 4 units three times regional deputy inflicts, and define in item different place of origin(PSR) about 447 items as the exception. Also, Korea AESAN FTA except broad principles that decide place of origin in ASEAN FTA accumulation standard, smile standard, place of origin disapproval process standard and directly various repletion standard such as transport principle introduce. But, most export trader are circumstance judging can charge preferential tariff if export trader submits sending certificate of origin in the customs service without deep comprehension about place of origin regulation. Therefore, will have to be knowing well place of origin decision standard and creation trick of certificate of origin to receive exactly preferential tariff benefit. Also, because it can be difficult that all registered customs brokers who is acting for certificate of origin issuance booking get acquainted in place of origin problem, it is expected to can become confrontation plan train FTA and place of origin professional registered customs brokers.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 2017

Defects involving specialised areas with characteristic anatomical features, such as the nipple, upper eyelid, and lip, benefit greatly from the use of sharing procedures. The vulva, a complex 3-dimensional structure, can also be reconstructed through a sharing procedure drawing upon the contralateral vulva. In this report, we present the interesting case of a patient with chronic, massive, localised lymphedema of her left labia majora that was resected in 2011. Five years later, she presented with squamous cell carcinoma over the left vulva region, which is rarely associated with chronic lymphedema. To the best of our knowledge, our management of the radical vulvectomy defect with a labia majora sharing procedure is novel and has not been previously described. The labia major flap presented in this report is a shared flap; that is, a transposition flap based on the dorsal clitoral artery, which has consistent vascular anatomy, making this flap durable and reliable. This procedure epitomises the principle of replacing like with like, does not interfere with leg movement or patient positioning, has minimal donor site morbidity, and preserves other locoregional flap options for future reconstruction. One limitation is the need for a lax contralateral vulva. This labia majora sharing procedure is a viable option in carefully selected patients.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Advanced SITs of the evolutionary PWRs have the advantage that they can passively control the ECC water discharge flow rate. Thus, the LPSI pumps can be eliminated from the safety injection system owing to the benefit of the advanced SITs. In the present study, a passive sealing plate was designed in order to overcome the shortcoming of the advanced SITs, i.e., the early nitrogen discharge through the stand pipe. The operating principle of the sealing plate depends only on the natural phenomena of buoyancy and gravity. The performance of the sealing plate was evaluated using the VAPER test facility, equipped with a full-scale SIT. It was verified that the passive sealing plate effectively prevented the air discharge during the entire duration of the ECC water discharge. Also, the major performance parameters of the advanced SIT were not changed with the installation of the sealing plate.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.61
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• pp.113-137
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• 2014

For a contract of insurance to be valid, the insured needs to have an insurable interest. This means that someone taking out insurance must stand to gain a benefit from the preservation of the subject matter of the insurance or to suffer a disadvantage should it be lost. Although the principle is simple, the detail is difficult. English Law Commission proposed some changes to provide certainty on the rule of insurable interest in LCCP 201. This article is, therefore, designed to examine the proposals for reforming trends in English insurance contract law. The proposals on Law Commission in summarized as following. First, LC proposed to retain the requirement for insurable interest because it was thought to fulfil four useful functions. Secondly, LC proposes to repeal the Marine Insurance Act 1788 and the Marine Insurance (Gambling Policies) Act 1909 to confirm that the requirement of insurable interest applies to all forms of insurance. Thirdly, LC proposes to retain the provisions on insurable interest in the Marine Insurance Act 1906. Finally, LC proposes to define insurable interest and thinks that full definition of insurable interest should remain flexible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.205-217
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• 2017

This paper tries to show the efficiency of water financing between central and local governments. From the year of 2017, the operation and maintenance costs for change water pipes has been provided by central government as block grants system(RDSA: Regional Development Special Account). Even though the water financing is responsible for local government, water drought and high production cost in poor area affects the quality of life nowadays. Then, fiscal transfer through block grant for water financing has been decided to invest regional SOC. The purpose of the paper sheds light on the function of the block grant for public provision by water financing. The firstly tried empirical results are based on the survey from local governments and ministry of environments. The point of the empirical analysis shows that the local governments does not have proper measurement for unexpected water leakage and termination until now. In a policy manner, the paper raises the issues about benefit principle for water users by the increase of tariffs. In order to do so, the paper investigates the relationship between the water provision and fiscal status of each local governments.

• Journal of the Korean Medical Association
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.662-669
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• 2018

The cutaneous melanoma has been regarded as rare disease entity in Korea for long time but it shows a silent growth recently. Furthermore the management of cutaneous melanoma including staging system, surgical principle, sentinel lymph node biopsy and subsequent complete node dissection and, most importantly, immunotherapy and target therapy against cutaneous melanoma recently. The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is steadily increasing in Korea but its increase is rapid recent 2 decades to 4.3 times and should be greater soon according to the steeper increase of life expectancy. New staging system proposed by American Joint Committee on Cancer (2017) includes changes in individual TNM category and stage groups, particularly from a prognostic viewpoint. Dermoscopy has been successfully introduced in the differential diagnosis of pigmented skin lesion focusing on cutaneous melanoma by non-invasive simple diagnostic tool. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was a issue of long debate whether survival benefit is real or not. Temporary conclusion about this question is reached after two large scale studies and immediate complete node dissection should be performed in a certain situations. Most important change is drug therapy focusing on immunotherapy and target therapy. Braf- and MEK-inhibitor, immune checkpoint inhibitor and PD-1 blocker has been proved to be effective as a sole or combination regimen against advanced and/or high-risk adjuvant setting of cutaneous melanoma. In conclusion, these remarkable changes will be reviewed shortly here.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.439-453
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• 2021

In this work, quasi three-dimensional (quasi-3D) shear deformation theory is presented for bending and dynamic analysis of functionally graded (FG) plates. The effect of varying material properties and volume fraction of the constituent on dynamic and bending behavior of the FG plate is discussed. The benefit of this model over other contributions is that a number of variables is diminished. The developed model considers nonlinear displacements through the thickness and ensures the free boundary conditions at top and bottom faces of the plate without using any shear correction factors. The basic equations that account for the effects of transverse and normal shear stresses are derived from Hamilton's principle. The analytical solutions are determined via the Navier procedure. The accuracy of the proposed formulation is proved by comparisons with the different 2D, 3D and quasi-3D solutions found in the literature.