• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 1999

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of opioid receptor agonists on the spontaneous alternation behaviour in an animal model of obsessivecompulsive disorder in rats. According to the theory that dopamine is related to the biological etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the effect of the nalbuphine(opioid kappa agonist) and the tramadol(opioid mu agonist), which act as manipulating agents on the inhibition or stimulation of dopamine release, in the spontaneous alternation behaviour were evaluated. 24 hours prior to the experiment, rats were food-deprived. These rats were put into the T-maze, in which white and black goal boxes were baited with small amounts of chocolate milk. Each rat was given 2 set of 7 trials during which it was placed in the start box and allowed to choose the one of the goal boxes for each time. After identifying the stable baseline of spontaneous alternation behaviour, nonselective 5-HT agonist 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) disrupted spontaneous alternation. Rats were stratified into fluoxetine(10mg/kg/IP), nalbuphine(10mg/kg/IP), tramadol(46.4mg/kg/IP), and saline(0.5cc/IP) injection group with experimental drug treatment for 21 days. The effects on the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced disruption of spontaneous alternation behaviour were checked at the next day of discontinuation of drug treatment. The results were as follows ; 1) At the day after 21 days of the drug treatment, the nalbuphine treated group and the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference from the tramadol treated group and the saline treated group in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. 2) Within each drug treatment group, the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of fluoxetine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. And also, the nalbuphine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. There was no difference between the baseline and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. We indentified that the opioid kappa agonist that act as dopamine release inhibitor affect the spontaneous alternation behaviour which is an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rat.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2011

A 35-day trial was conducted to examine the influence of floor density on the behaviour of broiler chickens. Day-old male broilers (n=756) were randomly assigned to one of four stocking densities (6 replicates of n=13, 25, 38 and 50) in 24 identical 2.6 $m^2$ pens. These stocking densities were coded very low (VL), low (L), medium (M) and high (H) and contained a floor space allowance per bird of 2,000 $cm^2$, 1,000 $cm^2$, 667 $cm^2$ and 500 $cm^2$, respectively. Scan sampling of all groups was carried out at 15-min intervals during two 1-h periods (10.00 h~11.00 h and 14.00 h~15.00 h) for five days each week. The numbers of birds engaged in different behavioural activities were recorded. It was found that the most common behaviour in all densities was lying. There was no clear effect of density during wks 1~4 of the trial, but in wk 5 birds in the L, M and H groups showed lower levels (P=0.07) of lying behaviour when compared to birds in the VL group suggesting that an increase in animal density results in decreased opportunities for undisturbed rest. This observation is supported by standing and walking behaviour, which was lower (P<0.05) in the VL group in wk 5. Foraging behaviour measured in the study by the numbers of birds pecking the ground declined as the trial progressed, but scratching increased in 2 wk then decreased. Birds in the VL group showed higher (P<0.05) level of pecking the ground behaviour compared to birds in the L, M and H groups, but scratching behaviour higher (P<0.05) and lower (P<0.05) in VL of 1 wk and 2 wk respectively. However, a peak in aggressive behaviour was observed in wk 2 and birds in the VL group showed less (P<0.05) agonistic behaviour than birds in the H and M groups. Other behaviours (dustbathing, preening, eating or drinking) were not influenced (P>0.05) by stocking density.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.2 s.86
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• pp.105-122
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the family health on the self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children. The objects were 422 children who were 5th and 6th grade in primary school. The questionnaires were collected between June and July in 2006. T-test, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression were used for data analysis. The results are as follows: First, the family health is higher than the average and also the self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children are higher than the average. Second, the higher family's economic and parent's educational level, the higher family health and self-esteem of children. In addition, Female children have higher pro-social behaviour than male children. Third, family health has positive correlations with self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children. Furthermore there is a positive correlation between the self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children. Fourth, the self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children are strongly influenced by the family health. As a consequence the family health is the principal variable which influences on the self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children. This study shows that the healthy family support program is necessary in order to build up the positive self-esteem and pro-social behaviour of children.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.139-144
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• 2015

Background: The work force in industries are at risk of developing unduly high rates of health and behaviour related problems including abuse of alcohol, betel nut and cigarette (alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption). This study describes the relationships between alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption and health promoting behaviour among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted on workers in various industries of Ghaziabad city with concerned authority permission. A sample size of 732 workers was calculated based on pilot study. Through Simple random sampling 732 workers in 20 to 50 years age group with informed consent were interviewed through structured, pretested, validated questionnaire in vernacular language by one calibrated investigator. Data on socio demography, alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption pattern and health behaviour were collected. The association between health promoting behaviour and alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption was analysed by Logistic regression and Chi-square test through SPSS 16 at p<0.05 and 95%CI as significant. Results: Total prevalence of alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption in study population was 88%. The prevalence of individual alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption were 82%, 68% and 79% respectively. Combined alcohol, betel nut and cigarette prevalence in study population was 58%. Alcohol and cigarette users were significantly higher (p<0.001) in 30 to 40 years age group with lower level of education having poor attitude towards health promoting behaviour, poor oral hygiene practices and rare indulgence in regular physical exercise. Conclusions: This study stimulate further research on exploring methods to prevent initiation of health risk behaviour and promote healthy behaviour with cessation help for the current alcohol, betel nut and cigarette users.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.611-638
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• 2012

With recognition of the self-leadership and creative personality for developing student competitive capability, this study examines the relationships among self-leadership, creative personality, innovative behaviour and learning satisfaction based on survey data from university students. The main findings of the study are as follows: first, the study found that self-leadership was positively associated with creative personality while there was also a positive relationship between self-leadership and innovative behaviour as well as learning satisfaction. Second, the empirical analysis of the paper also shows that creative personality partially mediated the relationship of self-leadership and innovative behaviour, but not for the relationship between self-leadership and learning satisfaction. In addition, the hypothesis on the positive association between learning satisfaction and innovative behaviour was not supported. This paper contributes to our understanding of self-leadership and innovative behaviour research by expanding to university student context and highlighting the role of creative personality. This study proposes that developing the self-leadership and creative personality of student are required for better innovative behaviour and thereby, learning performance.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.151-157
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• 2022

Various approaches have been applied to transform aquaculture from a manual, labour-intensive industry to one dependent on automation technologies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Technologies associated with the monitoring of physical condition have successfully been applied in most aquafarm facilities; however, real-time biological monitoring systems that can observe fish condition and behaviour are still required. In this study, we used a video recorder placed on top of a fish tank to observe the swimming patterns of rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus), first one fish alone and then a group of five fish. Rock bream in the video samples were successfully identified using the you-only-look-once v3 algorithm, which is based on the Darknet-53 convolutional neural network. In addition to recordings of swimming behaviour under normal conditions, the swimming patterns of fish under abnormal conditions were recorded on adding an anaesthetic or lowering the salinity. The abnormal conditions led to changes in the velocity of movement (3.8 ± 0.6 cm/s) involving an initial rapid increase in speed (up to 16.5 ± 3.0 cm/s, upon 2-phenoxyethanol treatment) before the fish stopped moving, as well as changing from swimming upright to dying lying on their sides. Machine learning was applied to datasets consisting of normal or abnormal behaviour patterns, to evaluate the fish behaviour. The proposed algorithm showed a high accuracy (98.1%) in discriminating normal and abnormal rock bream behaviour. We conclude that artificial intelligence-based detection of abnormal behaviour can be applied to develop an automatic bio-management system for use in the aquaculture industry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.251-258
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• 2002

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring and M an R-module. In this paper we will consider the asymptotic behaviour of ideals relative to an R-module E which is M-injective.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.85-99
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• 2004

The retention of customer is an increasingly pressing issue in today's competitive environment. The proposes of this paper is a personalized defection detection and the procedure of prevention based on economic analysis of customer defection possibility, and behaviour state transition cost. This procedure is based on the observation that potential defectors have a tendency to take a couple of months or weeks to gradually change their behaviour before their eventual withdrawal. In this procedure, the SOM(Self-Organizing Map) is used to determine the possible states of customer behaviour from past behaviour data, and to prevent the defection of potential defectors, the proposed procedure recommends the desirable behaviour state for the next period based on the analysis of transition cost. and likelihood of defection. The case study has been conducted for a Korean on-line game provider to evaluate of this procedure.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.267-284
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• 2011

The aim of the paper is to study the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a tuff and calcareous sand mixture. A first experimental phase was carried out in order to find the optimal mixture. This showed that the material composed of 80% tuff and 20% calcareous sand provides the maximum mechanical strength. The second experimental phase concerns the study of the drying- wetting behaviour of the optimal mixture. Triaxial shear tests in saturated and unsaturated states at constant water content were carried out on samples initially compacted at the MPO. Experimental results let to deduce the parameters necessary for the prediction of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of pavement formulated from tuff and calcareous sand mixtures, related to moisture. This optimal mixture satisfies the regulation rules and hence constitutes a good local eco-material, abundantly available, for the conception of pavements.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1519-1524
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• 2015

It is well known that prepartum sows have an innate motivation to build a nest before parturition. Under commercial conditions, however, the farrowing crate, which is widely used in modern pig husbandry, inhibits this innate behaviour through the lack of space, materials, or both. Thus, restriction of nest-building behaviour could generate increased stress, resulting in a decrease in maternal endogenous hormones. Hence, it could lead to detrimental effects on farrowing and lactating performance. Here we review interactions between prepartum nest-building behaviour, stress and maternal endogenous hormone levels, and discuss their effects on parturition, lactation, and welfare of sows and offspring.