• 제목/요약/키워드: Beef and pork

검색결과 404건 처리시간 0.027초

마이크로파 처리한 소고기 및 돼지고기의 미생물 변화 및 이화학적 특성 (Microbial changes and physico-chemical properties of beef and pork loin with microwave treatment)

  • 이경애;변광의
    • 한국생활과학회지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.217-221
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    • 2005
  • 마이크로웨이브 처리가 소고기 및 돼지고기의 이화학적 특성 및 미생물 총 균수 변화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 시료는 발전 주파수 2450MHz, 출력 500Watt인 마이크로웨이브를 사용하여 50% duty cycle로 10초 및 20초간 처리하였다. 마이크로웨이브 처리는 소고기 및 돼지고기의 육즙손실과 TBA가를 증가시켰으며 육즙 손실은 소고기에 비해 돼지고기가 더 많았다. 마이크로웨이브 처리한 소고기 및 돼지고기는 마이크로웨이브로 처리하지 않은 대조군에 비해 L값과 b값이 증가하였으며 a값은 변화하지 않았다. 한편 전단력은 20초간 마이크로웨이브 처리한 소고기와 돼지고기가 대조군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 마이크로웨이브 처리는 소고기 및 돼지고기의 미생물 총 균수를 감소시켰다. 미생물 총 균수는 20초간 처리에 의해 미생물 총 균수가 2 log cycle 감소하였다. 따라서 20초 정도의 마이크로웨이브 처리는 돼지고기의 미생물 총 균수를 상당히 감소시킬 수 있어 미생물학적 안전성 확보에 매우 효과적 방법으로 생각된다.

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Colorimetric Values of Various Myoglobin Derivatives in Pork and Beef Ribeye

  • Whang, Key;Lee, Sam-Pin;Kim, Hyuk-Il
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.183-186
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    • 2004
  • Various myoglobin derivatives were manufactured in pork and beef ribeye in the laboratory and their colorimetric values were measured with a chromameter. The average values of L* and a* of pork pigments were higher and b* values were lower than those of beef pigments. Oxymyoglobin (bright red) is considered to be a desirable fresh red meat pigment for consumer acceptance. The means of L*, a* and b* values of oxymyoglobin were 36.41, 27.32 and 4.71 for pork and 30.54, 25.58 and 9.81 for beef, respectively. Nitrosyl hemochrome, the pigment of processed meat products like sausages and hams had L*, a* and b* values of 47.93, 26.85 and 6.63 for pork and 41.82, 23.19 and 11.82 for beef. It was found that as a discoloration developed in meat and the meat color turned to brown, the L*, b* values increased and the a* value decreased.

돈육 및 우육 부위별 가공적성 연구 (Study on Processing Quality of Different Parts of Pork and Beef)

  • 최윤상;구수경;이혜진;성정민;전기홍;김현욱;김태경;김영붕
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.157-167
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of pork and beef meat according to species (pork: modern genotype pork, Korean native black pork; beef: Holstein, Korean native cattle) and cuts (pork: shoulder, ham, loin; beef: loin, tenderness, round). Methods: The moisture content, protein content, fat content, ash content, fatty acid compositions pH, whater holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, color, and sensory characteristics were measured in triplicate. Results: The moisture content, pH, cooking loss, and shear force of modern genotype pork were significantly higher than the Korean native black pork; in addition, the moisture content of loin was significantly higher than shoulder and ham. The fatty acid compositions for different parts of pork showed no significant differences. Among the sensory characteristics, the parameters of pork were not significantly different. The moisture content of Holstein was significantly higher than Korean native cattle. The fatty acid composition of beef could not confirm the specific differences. Water holding capacity of Korean native cattle was higher than Holstein, while cooking loss of Korean native cattle was lower than Holstein. Overall acceptability scores of Korean native cattle was higher than Holstein. Conclusion: The study results of several parameters in selected raw meat samples provide useful information for developing new strategies to improve the quality of meat products consumption.

육류 및 육가공식품 중의 총 Creatinine 함량 (The Amount of Creatinine contained in Meats and the Processed Foods of Meats)

  • 김정숙
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.91-94
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    • 1999
  • The amount of creatinine contained in the beef imported beef pork and chicken marketing four beef pork, and chicken, marketing four beef stocks seven ramyon soups and three hams and sausages were studied by spectrophotometry with alka-line picrate. Content of creatinine in beef was 252mg/100g of sample and it is higher than that of impor-ted beef. The amount of creatinine increases as follows; chicken

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A Highly Sensitive Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Based on a Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Thermal Stable-Soluble Protein in Pork Fat for the Rapid Detection of Pork Fat Adulterated in Heat-Processed Beef Meatballs

  • Sol-A Kim;Jeong-Eun Lee;Dong-Hyun Kim;Song-min Lee;Hee-Kyeong Yang;Won-Bo Shim
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제43권6호
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    • pp.989-1001
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    • 2023
  • Processed foods containing pork fat tissue to improve flavor and gain economic benefit may cause severe issues for Muslims, Jews, and vegetarians. This study aimed to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on a monoclonal antibody specific to thermal stable-soluble protein in pork fat tissue and apply it to detect pork fat tissue in heat-processed (autoclave, steam, roast, and fry) beef meatballs. To develop a sensitive iELISA, the optimal sample pre-cooking time, coating conditions, primary and secondary dilution time, and various buffer systems were tested. The change in the iELISA sensitivity with different 96-well microtiter microplates was confirmed. The detection limit of iELISA performed with an appropriate microplate was 0.015% (w/w) pork fat in raw and heat-treated beef. No cross-reactions to other meats or fats were shown. These results mean that the iELISA can be used as an analytical method to detect trace amounts of pork fat mixed in beef.

서울지역에서 도축된 식육의 미생물 오염도 및 병원성 미생물 검사 (Microbiological quality and detection of pathogenic microorganisms in slaughtered meat in Seoul area)

  • 김주영;이주형;기노준;이정학
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.215-223
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    • 2005
  • The bacteria on the surface of slaughtered meat was monitored to investigate the relationships between microbiological quality and sanitation management in slaughter process of cattle and pig. It was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality on the surface of slaughtered beef and pork in Seoul from January to December 2004. Two hundred and thirty three beef and 233 pork carcasses were surveyed on generic E coli counts and standard plate count for microbiological quality and Salmonella spp, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and E coli O157: H7 as pathogenic microorganisms. The prevalence of the excellent or good grade $(10^4\;CFU/cm^2)$ in beef and pork carcasses were $100\%\; and\;99.2\%$, respectively. The frequency of beef carcasses with less than $10^2\;CFU/cm^2$ of generic I coli counts was $100\%$, while that of pork carcasses was $99.6\%$. Of 233 beef carcasses, $1(0.42\%)$ was contaminated with L monocytogenes and $6(2.58\%)$ with C perfringens. Of 233 pork carcasses, $11(4.72\%),\;2(0.86\%),\;and\;2(0.86\%)$ were contaminated with L monocytogenes, C perfringens, and S aureus, respectively, Salmonella spp and E coli O157:H7 were not detected with all of the beef and pork carcasses. In conclusion, this study emphasized the Importance of relationship between microbiological quality and sanitation management in slaughter process of cattle and pig, in abattoirs.

우육 및 돈육 부위에 따라 고기 유화물의 유화맵에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Emulsion Mapping in Different Parts of Pork and Beef)

  • 최윤상;정태준;황고은;김현욱;김천제;성정민;오남수;김영붕
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.241-247
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted in order to evaluate emulsion mapping between emulsion stability and moisture content, cooking yield, hardness, protein solubility, apparent viscosity, and overall acceptability of pork or beef emulsion batters. The pork and beef emulsion batters were added to different parts of the meat. The formulations indicating low emulsion stability and high cooking yield were T1 (pork shoulder), T2 (pork ham), and T5 (beef tenderloin) treatments. Low stability, low hardness and protein solubility were also T1 (pork shoulder), T2 (pork ham), and T5 (beef tenderloin) treatments. The Pearson's correlation coefficients show that emulsion stability is negatively correlated with cooking yield (p<0.05), with a value of -0.90, and positively correlated with hardness (p<0.05), and protein solubility (p<0.01) with values of 0.65 and 0.59, respectively. This approach has been found to be particularly useful for highlighting differences among the emulsified properties in emulsion meat products. Therefore, the results obtained with emulsion mapping are useful in the making of new emulsified meat products of the desired quality.

축산물(畜産物) 수요(需要)의 장기여측(長期予測)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Long Term Demand Estimation for the Livestock Products)

  • 김철호
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.393-405
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    • 1983
  • The demand for livestock and poultry products including beef, pork, chicken, egg and milk whose income elasticities are relatively higher than other staple foods, has been increased significantly during the past two decades in response to the remarkable increase in per capita GNP. This trend will be continued during the fifth and the sixth five year economic development plan period beginning with 1982. The annual GNP growth rate will be 7.5% on the average during the next 10 years. It is greatly needed to estimate the demand for beef, pork, chicken egg and milk and to study the feasibilities of domestic production of livestock products for the formulation of adequate policies in order to equate the consumption and the production during the 1980s. So this study reviewed the possible changes in the food consumption patterns during the 1980s, estimated the demand for beef, pork, chicken, egg and milk by using empirical demand functions and finally made suggestions for the formulation of long term price stabilization policies for each livestock, poultry and dairy products through the equilibrium of the quantity of demand for and supply of the products. There are many factors affecting the demand for meats, but this study considered own price, prices of supplements and substitutes and per capita income as the independent variables in the demand equations. It was found that it's own price and income were most significantly affecting factors among others and the degree of substitution effects were remarkably different among the products. According to the meat demand derived in this study, per capita consumption of beef, pork and chicken in the base year 1982 was 11.2kg for total meat, 2.5kg beef, 6.0kg pork and 2.5kg chicken, 106 pieces egg, 15.1kg milk respectively, while those in 1991 were 19.3kg for total meat, 4.8kg beef, 9.6kg pork, 4.9kg chicken, 133pieces egg and 44.1kg milk. It is also predicted through this study that, when the level of production costs be maintained, the domestic production of pork and chicken will meet the demand for them during the fifth and sixth five year economic plan period. However, there will be chronic shortage of beef supply during the coming years. The annual import requirement will be 30,000tons to 40,000tons during the period. In order to stabilize the domestic livestock and poultry and dairy products market, the government should introduce measures to curb the increase in beef consumption by encouraging the consumption of pork and chicken. For this, the livestock production policy measures should be concentrated on : 1) the improvement of infrastructures of beef production by introducing advanced feeding and management technology, subsidies for the establishment of facilities and price support programs for farmers : 2) the development of dairy beef : 3) the reinforcement of the forecast systems for pork and chicken production and consumption.

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저장기간에 따른 돈육과 우육의 부위별 품질 변화 및 전자코 분석 (Changes in Quality of Pork and Beef during Storage and Electronic Nose Analysis)

  • 김선경;이명숙;이기택;박상규;송경빈
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.441-447
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    • 2004
  • 돼지고기와 쇠고기의 부위별 저장 중 발생하는 품질 변화와 부패시점을 확인하고자 돼지고기의 등심, 삼겹살, 전지와 쇠고기의 안심, 등심, 양지 부위를 냉장 저장 하면서 pH, VBN, TBARS, 전자코 측정 및 관능검사를 수행하였다. 돼지고기의 경우 삼겹살 부위가 등심, 전지와 비교하여 pH, VBN, TBARS에서 전반적으로 높은 결과를 나타냈고, 부패취를 확인하기 위해 실시한 전자코 분석에서는 저장 초기와 저장 말기의 주성분 분석 값이 뚜렷이 구분되었다. 부패시 점을 확인하기 위해 실시한 관능검사는 저장 4일 경과 후부터 변패가 시작되어 저장 기간이 6일 경과 후부터는 식용이 불가능한 상태에 이르렀다. 쇠고기의 경우 등심과 안심 부위가 양지와 비교하여 pH, VBN에서 현저한 차이를 보이며 큰 수치를 나타내었고, TBARS에서는 모든 부위가 저장 초기에는 비슷한 값을 보였으나 저장 기간이 경과함에 따라 등심부위의 값이 양지, 안심과 달리 급격히 증가하였다. 반면에 양지 부위는 모든 실험 항목에서 전반적으로 낮은 수치를 보였다. 전자코 분석에서는 돼지고기와 동일하게 저장초기와 저장 말기의 PCA에 있어서 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다.

닭고기의 부위별 영양 성분 분석 (Nutritional Analysis of Chicken Parts)

  • 고하영;유익종
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제44권7호
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    • pp.1028-1034
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    • 2015
  • 닭고기를 가슴, 넓적다리, 다리의 3부위 살코기와 껍질을 포함한 날개 가식부를 취하여 일반성분과 콜레스테롤 함량을 분석하였으며, 가슴과 넓적다리는 지질, 아미노산 및 무기질 조성도 분석하여 쇠고기 및 돼지고기의 sirloin 부위와 비교하였다. 지방 함량은 가슴살이 1.2%에 불과하였고 넓적다리는 2.8%로 비교적 낮았으나 날개의 경우 껍질을 포함하였기 때문에 14.9%의 함량을 보였다. 단백질은 가슴이 22.9%로 가장 높았으며 넓적다리가 19.7%, 날개가 17.6%로 나타났다. 콜레스테롤은 껍질이 포함된 날개 부위에서 99.0 mg% 로 가장 높게 나타났으며 넓적다리는 80.8 mg%로 나타났으나 가슴살에서는 56.7 mg%로 날개의 절반 수준에 해당하였다. 포화지방산의 함량은 닭고기가 31.6~32.9%로 쇠고기(40.8%)나 돼지고기(42.7%)에 비해 적었고, 불포화지방산은 67.1~68.4%로 돼지고기(57.3%)나 쇠고기(59.2%)에 비해서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 단일불포화지방산은 50.1~51.8%로 쇠고기(55.3%)보다는 낮았으나 돼지고기(46.3%)보다는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다중불포화지방산은 16.6~17.0%로 쇠고기의 3.9%, 돼지고기의 10.8%에 비해 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 필수지방산의 함량은 16.6~16.9%로 돼지고기에 비해 1.6배, 쇠고기에 비해서는 5배가량 높은 것으로 나타났다. 닭고기에서 가장 많은 아미노산은 글루탐산, 아스파르트산, 리신, 류신의 순서였다. 10종의 필수아미노산은 10,454~11,860 mg%였고, 총아미노산 중 필수아미노산의 함량은 42~44%로 돼지고기 및 쇠고기와 유사하였다. 무기질은 쇠고기, 돼지고기와 유사한 조성을 가지고 있었으며 단지 넓적다리 부위는 적색육에 가깝고 가슴 부위는 백색육이기 때문에 성분상의 차이가 다소 확인되었다.