• 한국균학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.247-252
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• 1988

야생형(野生型)인 만가닥버섯(Lyophyllum ulmarium ASI 8007)의 원형질체(原形質體)로부터 분리(分離)한 염색체(染色體)를 영양요구주(營養要求株)인 잔나비걸상버섯(Ganoderma applanatum ASI 7-18; cys met)의 원형질체내(原形質體內)에 $PEG+CaCl_2$로 섭입(攝入)하였다. 형질전환주(形質轉煥株)는 microtransgenome과 macrotransgenome type으로 전자(前者)는 느리고 불안정성(不安定性)인 균사생장(菌絲生長), 후자(後者)는 아주 빠른 안정성(安定性)인 균사생장(菌絲生長)이 있으며, 균사(菌絲)가 양친(兩親)보다 굵었으며 GCM+benomyl에서 균총분리(菌叢分離)가 일어났다. 이들을 전기영동으로 esterase 동위효소(同位酵素) 패턴을 조사한 결과 양친에 비하여 위치가 다르게 나타났다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-41
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• 1987

Neohaplonts were obtained to improve mushroom strain from dikaryon strains of Flammulina Velutips, Ganoderma lucidum, Lyophyllum ulmarium, Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus spodoleucus by protoplast reversion. The noehaplont frequency from reversion colonies of protoplasts was 4.47-47.7%. Four more types of morphological characteristics were detected from neohaplonts of protoplast reversion in L. ulmarium, P. cornucopiae and P. spodoleucus, but one or two types were neohaplonts in F.velutipes and G. lucidum. Growth rate of neohaplonts was slow compared with dikaryon strains.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2016

The antibacterial activities of thirty mushroom species belonging to Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, cultivated on two liquid media, were evaluated against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria by the disk diffusion method. All of the mushrooms, except Auriporia aurea, Fomes fomentarius, and Lyophyllum shimeji, showed different antibacterial activity levels—from 9.5 mm in diameter of the inhibition zone to full inhibition of growth of the test bacteria. The antibacterial activities of Crinipellis schevczenkovi, Hohenbuehelia myxotricha, Oxyporus obducens, and Spongipellis litschaueri were observed for the first time. The antibacterial potential of culture liquids of the investigated species was higher than that of their mycelia activity. Dependence of the intensity of antibacterial activity on the culture medium was shown. The antibacterial efficiency of the most active species (Lentinus edodes, Piptoporus betulinus, and Phellinus igniarius) was verified and compared with those of some commercial antibiotics and natural essential oils of Salvia and Eucalyptus. The culture liquid of Piptoporus betulinus, obtained after cultivation on glucose-peptone-yeast culture medium, is a potential substance for further creation of antibacterial products.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.346-349
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• 2001

The antimutagenic activity of polysaccharides extracted from soybeans fermented with Agrocybe cylindracea (AC) or Phellinus igniarius (PI) against 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidaxo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was examined using a Salmonella/Ames test and host-mediated assay in mice. The polysaccharides from the soybeans fermented with A. Cylindracea and P. igniarius inhibited the mutagenic acitivity of the cooked food mutagen, MeIQx, by 31.2% and 35.3%, respectively. The polysaccharides also inhibited MeIQx genotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in micel. These results suggest that the polysaccharides from soybeans fermented with A. cylindracea or P. igniarius exhibit antimutagenic properties against MeIQx in vitro and in vivo.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.111-116
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• 1984

Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karsten을 실험재료로 하여 자실체형성 전후의 RNA를 추출 정량하였다. 버섯의 자실체 형성 전후에 걸쳐 총 RNA함량에 차이가 있었으며 자실체 형성 전에 총 RNA함량이 두드러지게 많았다. 버섯의 추출물인 RNA를 알카리가수분해한 것을 P.E.I. cellulose TLC로 전개한 결과 GMP와 XMP가 확인되었으며 미확인물질로서 한개의 spot가 나타났다. 이것은 위치로 보아 CMP가 아닌가 생각된다. 영지의 RNA추출물을 HPLC로 분석한 결과는 XMP와 GMP가 확인되었으며 그 함량은 각각, 자실체 형성 전의 GMP는 7.l9mg%, XMP는 8.43mg%, 형성후의 GMP는 4.02mg%, XMP는 3.67mg%의 함량분포를 나타내었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.117-119
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• 1984

한국에 야생하는 독버섯의 하나인 노란다발버섯을 물로 가열 추출한 후 추출액에 3배의 에탄올을 첨가하여 고분자 물질을 침전시켰으며 이를 다시 투석하여 정제 하였다. 이것을 냉동 건조하여 분말을 얻었으며 60mg/kg 용량을 백서의 복강내에 주사 하였던 바, 6일 후 부터 사망하기 시작하여 7일째에는 7마리중 4마리가 절명하였다. 이 유독 성분을 "네마톡신"이라 명명하고자 한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 1979

To investigate constituents of Strobilomyces floccopus (Fr.) Karst. and Coprinus comatus (Fr.) S. F. Gray, free and total amino acids of the two mushrooms were quantitatively analyzed by G. L. C. and an amino acid analyzer. Free amino acids were extracted from both mushrooms with ethanol. Fourtenn free amino acids were detected from the ethanol extract of S. floccopus and fifteen free amino acids from C. comatus by G. L. C. And the dry carphopores of both mushrooms were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and then the total protein amino acids were analyzed by A. A. A. Seventeen total amino acids were detected from each acid-hydrolysate of S. floccopus and C. comatus. Lipids were extracted from the carpophores of S. floccopus and saponified with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The isolated sterols were subjected to G. L. C. and two sterols were detected. The isolated free fatty acids were methylated with diazomethane and subjected to column chromatography and G. L. C. Eleven saturated and nine unsaturated free fatty acids were detected from the carpophores of S. floccopus. The presence of these nutrient components shows that the two mushrooms can be utilized as edible ones.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1999

In order to find less toxic antiviral agents from basidiomycetes, EA, the water soluble substance, was prepared from the carpophores of Elfvingia applanata (Pers.) Karst. EA was examined for antiviral activity against five strains of pathogenic viruses such as encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) Indiana and New Jersey strains, influenza A virus (Flu A), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) in vitro. Antiviral activity was evaluated by plaque reduction assay. Among five strains of viruses tested, EA exhibited the most potent antiviral activity against VSV Indiana strain with 50% effective concentration $(EC_{50})$ of 0.104 mg/ml in Vero cells, and its selectivity index (SI) was 36.5. EA was also examined for the virucidal activity, antiviral activity in preincubation on VSV Indiana strain in order to examine possible mode of antiviral activity. Preincubation of Vero cells with EA did not confer protection against VSV, however, prolonged exposure of cells to EA inhibited the replication of virus dose-dependently. In virucidal activity, the titer of infectious virus did not decrease significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1999

As the biodegradation of wood constituents has been understood as a multi-basidiomycetes and enzymatic processes, this review will focus on the roles of low molecular compounds and radicals working in harmony with fungal enzymes. Wood rotting basidiomycete fungi penetrate wood, and lead to more easily metabolize carbohydrates of the wood complex. The white-rot fungi, having versatile enzymes, are able to attack directly the "lignin barrier". They also use a multi-enzyme system including so-called "feedback" type enzymes allowing for simultaneous degradation of lignin and carbohydrates. The multi-enzymes including laccase support the proposed route by explaining how the high molecular weight enzymes can function in the wood complex. These enzymes may function separately or cooperate each other. In addition, veratryl alcohol oxidase, cellobiose dehydrogenase, arylalcohol dehydrogenase, and particularly low molecular mediators and radicals have an important role in wood biodegradation. However, the possibility of other mechanism as well as other enzymes, as operating as feedback systems in the process of wood degradation, could not be excluded.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1997

목재를 분해시키는 담자균류들은 목재 및 목질복합체에 쉽사리 침투하여 복잡한 리그노셀룰로오스 복합체를 분해시킨다. 이러한 분해에는 많은 효소시스템들이 복합적으로 작용하면서 상호 협동하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 지금까지 일려진 효소들은 통상 3개의 그룹으로 나눌 수 있는데 그 하나는 목재성분을 직접적으로 공격하는 효소균들, 예를 들면 cellulase complex, laccase(LAC), lignin peroxidase(LIP), horse-radish peroxidase(HRP), manganese-independent peroxidase(MIP) 및 protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase(PCD) 등이 있고, 두번째 그룹으로서 manganese-dependent peroxidase(MnP), aryl alcohol oxidase(AAO) 및 glyoxal oxidase(GLO) 등인데, 이들 효소들은 목질을 직접적으로 공격하지 않고 제1그룹의 효소들과 협동하여 작용하는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 제3그룹의 효소들은 glucose oxidase(GOD) 및 cellobiose : quinone oxidoreductase(CBQ)로서 feedback type의 효소들로서 목재고분자의 분해시 대사의 고리를 결합시켜 주는 매우 중요한 기능을 하는 효소군들이다. 그러나 이 이외에도 다른 분해기구가 밝혀지고 있으며 기타 효소들에 의한 리그노셀룰로오스의 분해반응기구의 해명에는 상당한 시간이 걸릴 것으로 사료된다.