• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.219-230
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• 2023

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have made it easier for healthcare workers and patients to monitor patients' status continuously in real time. WBANs have complex and diverse network structures; thus, management and control can be challenging. Therefore, considering emerging Software-defined networks (SDN) with WBANs is a promising technology since SDN implements a new network management and design approach. The SDN concept is used in this study to create more adaptable and dynamic network architectures for WBANs. The study focuses on comparing the performance of two SDN controllers, POX and Ryu, using Mininet, an open-source simulation tool, to construct network topologies. The performance of the controllers is evaluated based on bandwidth, throughput, and round-trip time metrics for networks using an OpenFlow switch with sixteen nodes and a controller for each topology. The study finds that the choice of network controller can significantly impact network performance and suggests that monitoring network performance indicators is crucial for optimizing network performance. The project provides valuable insights into the performance of SDN-based WBANs using POX and Ryu controllers and highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate network controller for a given network architecture.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.163-168
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• 2021

The article discusses the use of the concept of digitalization in the science of education. The influence of information technologies on the ability to self-study is analyzed. Various technologies that are used in science and education are shown. The issues of the advantages of using IT as a tool for creating conditions for the implementation of the problem-activity approach and the organization of project activities are considered. The possibilities are shown, which gives the opportunities that the use of ICT of distance educational resources in the educational process gives. Shown is their auxiliary form of transmission, information retrieval; working out skills and consolidating what has been learned. Based on the analysis of the presented material of the article, you can see what problems can be solved using IT and remote resources.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

The design of complex man-made systems mostly involves a conceptual modeling phase; therefore, it is important to ensure an appropriate analysis method for these models. A key concept for such analysis is the development of a diagramming technique (e.g., UML) because diagrams can describe entities and processes and emphasize important aspects of the systems being described. The analysis also includes an examination of ontological concepts such as states and events, which are used as a basis for the modeling process. Studying fundamental concepts allows us to understand more deeply the relationship between these concepts and modeling frameworks. In this paper, we critically analyze the classic definition of a state utilizing the Thinging machine (TM) model. States in state machine diagrams are considered the appropriate basis for modeling system behavioral aspects. Despite its wide application in hardware design, the integration of a state machine model into a software system's modeling requirements increased the difficulty of graphical representation (e.g., integration between structural and behavioral diagrams). To understand such a problem, in this paper, we project (create an equivalent representation of) states in TM machines. As a case study, we re-modeled a state machine of an assembly line system in a TM. Additionally, we added possible triggers (transitions) of the given states to the TM representation. The outcome is a complicated picture of assembly line behavior. Therefore, as an alternative solution, we re-modeled the assembly line based solely on the TM. This new model presents a clear contrast between state-based modeling of assembly line behavior and the TM approach. The TM modeling seems more systematic than its counterpart, the state machine, and its notions are well defined. In a TM, states are just compound events. A model of a more complex system than the one in the assembly line has strengthened such a conclusion.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.106-116
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• 2022

Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) have actively responded to global climate change, and developed and operated the Common Principles for Climate Finance Tracking. They estimate climate finance in a granular manner with a conservative view. In other words, the MDBs track their financing only for those elements or proportions of projects that directly contribute to or promote climate adaptation or mitigation. The MDBs have reported jointly on climate finance since the first edition in 2012, which reported for 2011 and up to the 10th edition in 2021, which reported for 2020. MDBs apply two difference methodologies for adaptation and mitigation. For adaptation, the methodology is based on a context and location specific approach and captures the amounts associated with activities directly linked to vulnerability to climate change. For mitigation, it is evaluated in accordance with a comprehensive list of activities thatreduce greenhouse gas emissions. The result of climate risk assessment is one of the major due diligence items for MDBs alongside with that of environmental and social impact assessment. Under the circumstance that many countries endeavor to deal with climate change at project level, it is meaningful to understand how MDBs have addressed climate change issues in their project approval process. This would be a good reference to establish a methodology for responding to climate change and to expand scope of environmental and social impact assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

The Gongju Sanseong Traditional Market, the subject of this study, was formed in the early 1900's, and along with the development of Gongju, it has been constantly changed and expanded up until now. The Sanseong Traditional Market located in Gongju, the Korea's representative historic city, exhibits merits in the aspects as a city based on the symbolic significance of the city where it is located and historical characteristics; however, it also presents some problems as well in consideration of user convenience and accessibility. Thereupon, this study conducted literature review on traditional markets, field research with a field trip, and a survey in order to analyze the spatial characteristics of the market environment and grope for the methods of activation. The conclusion suggested through this is as written below: First, the changes of types regarding spatial use according to the modernization project of traditional markets are essential, so about the spatial use according to the spatial changes, it is needed to distribute it balancedly considering the central space of the market. Second, with the understanding of the spatial types of traditional markets, it is needed to build a plan for alternation in the types of physical space based on that. Third, it is necessary to suggest the methods of integrated spatial use among standing markets and 5-day markets. In particular, through the approaches from the aspects of architectural and urban design and through reasonable spatial planning, a systematic approach considering the convenience of the users and merchants using it as their living space should be prioritized. And lastly, it is needed to reorganize the space according to the physical and non-physical methods in order to figure out the methods of activating traditional markets in agricultural areas and minor cities. With the complex approaches above, we can grope for the methods of activating traditional markets.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.412-418
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• 2010

This paper presents the methods to acquire the Safety Certificate from Independent Safety Assessment based on the IEC standard62279 which is commonly applied to railway system for Automatic Train Control(ATC) system in accordance with Urban Maglev project. This also shows approach methods and relative activities for project life- cycle to accomplish and ensure the system requirements of ATC system, RAMS and S/W quality activities. Furthermore, the key tasks conducted with ISA are noted in detail. These kind of activities for software quality of ATC system to obtain S afety Certificate could be a CASE model to improve the quality of domestic railway system and products, and also contribute to the growth of railway business and toward the achievement of overseas' railway signaling markets.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.44-51
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• 2007

Most of the Korea temples of cultural property are wooden buildings and easy combusted. They are often located in mountain area far away from the city. It is very difficult to approach the fight area. The putting out is very difficult in the initial fire time. And for protecting the cultural property in the long-term continuous fire source there are some restrictions in water source and suppression system. In this paper the initial putting out fire due to the forest fire and the protection of cultural property in the long-term continuous fire source were researched. The improved project about fire control facilities of the Korea cultural property was proposed. In the proposed project the facilities using Water mist which can reduce more loss than existing facilities using water are applied. In view of the topographic position the method of eliminating the energy of combustibles and wall for cutting off the heat in the fire control facilities are also mentioned.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.463-470
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• 2017

The aim of this research is to examine patterns of design governance used by Northern European countries to respond to social crises and understand design governance as a tool for sophistication of social services and social integration. Design governance as applied in Sitra of Finland, MindLab of Denmark and the Gulliver project of Germany encourages using design methodology for analyzing and solving problems related to social phenomena based on involvement of the private, public, industrial, and academic groups. Especially, the citizens are actively involved in developing problem-solving ideas and designing new policy with other governance members, rather than simply providing information or one-time participation. In the cases discussed in this study, design governance reduce unnecessary administrative and financial consumption and inconvenience caused by complicated rules, based on field-oriented approach, regional characteristics, pluralism, and respect for diversity. Therefore, future design policy paradigm will need to evolve into concept of policy design and pluralistic monitoring centered on design governance based on participation of private sector to lead policy development, from the current system in which only few officials decide policy.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 2021

Poor logistical infrastructure and agri-food supply chain management leads to significant food waste in logistic system. The concept of the sustainable value added agri-food chains requires defined approach to the analysis of the existing situation, possible improving strategies and also assessment of these changes impact on further development. The purpose of research is to provide scientific substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations for the improvement of the agri-food logistics distribution system. A case study methodology is used in this article. The research framework is based on 4 steps: Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Gap and Process Analysis, Validation and Improvement Areas Definition and Imitation Modelling. This paper presents the appropriateness of LEAN logistics tools using, in particular, Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for minimizing logistic losses and Simulation Modeling of possible logistics distribution system improvement results. The algorithm of VSM analysis of the agri-food supply chain, which involves its optimization by implementing the principles of sustainable development at each stage, is proposed. The methodical approach to the analysis of possible ways for optimizing the operation of the logistics system of the agri-food distribution is developed. It involves the application of Value Stream Mapping, i.e. designing of stream maps of the creation of the added value in the agri-food supply chain for the current and future state based on the minimization of logistic losses. Simulation modeling of the investment project on time optimization in the agri-food supply chain and economic effect of proposed improvements in logistics product distribution system functioning at the level of the investigated agricultural enterprise has been determined. Improvement of logistics planning and coordination of operations in the supply chain and the innovative pre-cooling system proposed to be introduced have a 3-year payback period and almost 75-80% probability. Based on the conducted VSM analysis of losses in the agri-food supply chain, there have been determined the main points, where it is advisable to conduct optimization changes for the achievement of positive results and the significant economic effect from the proposed measures has been confirmed. In further studies, it is recommended to focus on identifying the synergistic effect of the agri-food supply chain optimization on the basis of sustainable development.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1197-1214
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• 2015

There is a great difference in mechanical behavior between design model one-time loading and step-by-step construction process. This paper presents practical computational methods for simulating the structural behavior of long-span rigid steel structures during construction processes. It introduces the positioning principle of node rectification for installation which is especially suitable for rigid long-span steel structures. Novel improved nonlinear analytical methods, known as element birth and death of node rectification, are introduced based on several calculating methods, as well as a forward iteration of node rectification method. These methods proposed in this paper can solve the problem of element's 'floating' and can be easily incorporated in commercial finite element software. These proposed methods were eventually implemented in the computer simulation and analysis of the main stadium for the Universiade Sports Center during the construction process. The optimum construction scheme of the structure is determined by the improved algorithm and the computational results matched well with the measured values in the project, thus indicating that the novel nonlinear time-varying analysis approach is effective construction simulation of complex rigid long-span steel structures and provides useful reference for future design and construction.