• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.92 no.1
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• pp.25-52
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• 2024

In the current paper, the various responses of concrete rectangular liquid storage containers under seismic load, each isolated by a lead-rubber bearing subjected to bi-directional earthquake forces are investigated. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of isolation period, yield strength of the isolator and the effects of soil-foundation interaction for non-isolated and base-isolated tanks located on different soil types. In most cases, the value of base shear, base moment, wall displacement and hydrodynamic pressure is reduced by the effect of the isolators whose effective frequency is within the appropriate range. The sloshing displacement is amplified due to seismic isolation of the tanks for both tall and shallow tank configurations. Also, it is found that the seismic isolation technique is more efficient for the more flexible tank. Studying various soil types indicates that, unlike the responses of non-isolated tanks which change drastically for different soil types, the responses of base-isolated structures are less affected. Finally, it is observed that the variation in structural responses is not only related to the superstructure configuration and bearings properties but also depends on the earthquake specifications.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2011

Base isolation system is widely used for reduction of dynamic responses of structures subjected to seismic load. Recently, research on a smart base isolation system that can effectively reduce dynamic responses of the isolated structure without accompanying increases in base drifts has been actively conducted. In this study, a smart base isolation system was applied to an arch structure subjected to seismic excitation and its control performance for reduction of seismic responses was evaluated. In order to make a smart base isolation system, 4kN MR dampers and low damping elastomeric bearings were used. Seismic response control performance of the proposed smart base isolation system was compared to that of the optimally designed lead-rubber bearing(LRB) isolation system. To this end, an artificial ground motion developed based on KBC2009 design response spectrum was used as a seismic excitation. Fuzzy control algorithm was used to control MR damper in the smart base isolation system and multi-objective genetic algorithm was employed to optimize the fuzzy controller. Based on numerical simulation results, it has been shown that the smart base isolation system can drastically reduce base drifts and seismic responses of the example arch structure in comparison with LRB isolation system.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.231-238
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• 1997

Many methods have been proposed for achieving optimum performance of structures subjected to earthquake excitation. The conventional approach requires that structures passively resist earthquakes through a combination of strength, deformability, and energy absorption. Base isolation is a technique for mitigating the effects of earthquakes on structures through the introduction of flexibility and energy absorption capability. In this paper, a parametric study of effectiveness of isolation systems with various main structures' properties is carried out through the response spectrum analysis. It is shown that, most base isolators with its longer period and higher damping can significantly reduce the base shear force transmitted to the structures.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.495-504
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• 2018

The possibility of earthquakes in vulnerable regions indicates that efficient technique is required for seismic protection of buildings. During the recent decades, the concept is moving towards the insertion of base isolation on seismic prone buildings. So, investigation of structural behavior is a burning topic for buildings to be isolated in base level by bearing device. This study deals with the incorporation of base isolation system and focuses the changes of structural responses for different types of Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) isolators. A number of sixteen model buildings have been simulated selecting twelve types of bearing systems as well as conventional fixed-base (FB) scheme. The superstructures of the high-rise buildings are represented by finite element assemblage adopting multi-degree of freedoms. Static and dynamic analyses are carried out for FB and base isolated (BI) buildings. The dynamic analysis in finite element package has been performed by the nonlinear time history analysis (THA) based on the site-specific seismic excitation and compared employing eminent earthquakes. The influence of the model type and the alteration in superstructure behavior of the isolated buildings have been duly assessed. The results of the 3D multistory structures show that the lateral forces, displacement, inertia and story accelerations of the superstructure of the seismic prone buildings are significantly reduced due to bearing insertion. The nonlinear dynamic analysis shows 12 to 40% lessening in base shear when LRB is incorporated leading to substantial allowance of horizontal displacement. It is revealed that the LRB isolators might be potential options to diminish the respective floor accelerations, inertia, displacements and base shear whatever the condition coincides. The isolators with lower force intercept but higher isolation period is found to be better for decreasing base shear, floor acceleration and inertia force leading to reduction of structural and non-structural damage. However, LRB with lower isolator period seems to be more effective in dropping displacement at bearing interface aimed at reducing horizontal shift of building structure.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.603-623
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• 2015

The scale and nature of the recent earthquakes in the world and the related earthquake disaster index coerce the concerned community to become anxious about it. Therefore, it is crucial that seismic lateral load effect will be appropriately considered in structural design. Application of seismic isolation system stands as a consistent alternative against this hazard. The objective of the study is to evaluate the structural and economic feasibility of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with base isolation located in medium risk seismic region. Linear and nonlinear dynamic analyses as well as linear static analysis under site-specific bi-directional seismic excitation have been carried out for both fixed based (FB) and base isolated (BI) buildings in the present study. The superstructure and base of buildings are modeled in a 3D finite element model by consistent mass approach having six degrees of freedom at each node. The floor slabs are simulated as rigid diaphragms. Lead rubber bearing (LRB) and High damping rubber bearing (HDRB) are used as isolation device. Change of structural behaviors and savings in construction costing are evaluated. The study shows that for low to medium rise buildings, isolators can reduce muscular amount of base shears, base moments and floor accelerations for building at soft to medium stiff soil. Allowable higher horizontal displacement induces structural flexibility. Though incorporating isolator increases the outlay, overall structural cost may be reduced. The application of base isolation system confirms a potential to be used as a viable solution in economic building design.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.8 s.113
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• pp.806-813
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• 2006

An important factor of vibration test using MAST(multi axial simulation table) system is the reliance of input excitation source. Generally the generation of input excitation source is obtained by the measured data on special road in proving ground. The measured data on special road have more exciting energy than the data of real fields, therefore the time and expense for test can be reduced. But the magnitude of input excitation source must be defined by comparison with the excited energy on real field. The object of this paper makes the data base of domestic roads for the definition of input excitation source which is obtained by the measured data on special road in proving ground. These real field data on domestic roads are analyzed by the power spectral density and interrelationship index.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

In this paper, a hybrid mass damper using AC-servomotor was designed and developed in order to reduce vibration levels of a 5-story test structure under base excitation. Control performances of the HMD under random and earthquakes excitations are compared with those of TMD through experimental test. It is confirmed that the HMD is more effective to reduce the vibration levels of the test structure especially for the earthquake excitation which excites more than 2 vibration modes of the structure simultaneously.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1743-1750
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• 2001

This paper presents an analysis of nonlinear response of the seismically isolated structure against earthquake excitation to evaluate isolation performances of a rubber bearing. In the analysis of the vibration of building, the building is modeled by lumped mass system where the restoring force is considered as linear, bilinear and trilinear. Fundamental equations of motion are derived for the base isolated structure, and hysteretic and nonlinear-elastic characteristics are considered for a numerical calculation. The excitation levels are magnified fur the recorded strong earthquake motions in order to examine dynamic stability of the structure. Seismic responses (of the building are compared fur the each restoring force type. As a result, it is shown that the effect of the motion by the nonlinear response of the building is comparatively not so large from a seismic design standpoint. The responses of the isolated structures reduce sufficiently and controled the motion of the building well in a practical range. By increasing the acceleration of the earthquake, the yielding of the farce was occurred in the concrete and steel frame, which shows the necessity of the exact nonlinear dynamic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.455-462
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• 2000

In this study seismic response of a base-isolated bridge for soil types is compared. Bilinear model is used for lead rubber bearing(LRB). Accelerograms whose response spectrum matches the design spectrum for soil types are used as earthquake ground excitation. Nonlinear time history analyses using the SAP2000 program is performed. The results show that seismic response of a base-isolated bridge is increased as the soil becomes soft.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10b
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• pp.283-284
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• 2002

Ball bearings (BB) are generally used in spindle of‘ disk drives at present, but they have been known that BB generate high frequency vibration. Fluid dynamic bearings (FDB) having high-rotational accuracy and small vibration characteristics have been developed as next generation spindles. Especially. a ferro fluid bearing (FFB) spindle has the advantage to prevent leakage and dispersion of lubricating oil using a ferro seal. In this study, we measured damping characteristics and frequency characteristics of these bearing spindles using a high-frequency vibration base. High frequency excitation was added to these bearing spindles mounted on the vibration base, and we proved that FFB and FDB spindles have effective damping.