• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.341-349
• /
• 2016

This study is intended to set a greenhouse gas emission scenario based on green remodeling pilot project (Annex building of Seoul Customs Office) using LEAP model, a long-term energy plan analysis model, to calculate the energy saving and greenhouse gas emission till year 2035 as well as to analyze the effect of electric power saving cost. Total 4 scenarios were made, Baseline scenario, assuming the past trend is to be maintained in the future, green remodeling scenario, reflecting actual green remodeling project of Seoul Customs Office, behavior improvement and renewable energy supply, and Total scenario. According to the analysis result, the energy demand in 2035 of Baseline scenario was 6.1% decreased from base year 2013, that of green remodeling scenario was 17.5%, that of behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario was 21.1% and that of total scenario was 27.3%. The greenhouse emission of base year 2013 was $878.2tCO_2eq$, and it was expected $826.3tCO_2eq$, approx. 5.9% reduced, in 2035 by Baseline scenario. the cumulative greenhouse gas emission saving of the analyzing period were $-26.5tCO_2eq$ by green remodeling scenario, $2.8k\;tCO_2eq$ by behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario, and $2.0k\;tCO_2eq$ by total scenario. In addition the effect of electricity saving cost through energy saving has been estimated, and it was approx. 634 million won by green remodeling scenario and appro. 726 million won by behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario. So it is analyzed that of behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario would be approx. 12.7% higher than that of green remodeling scenario.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2015

현재 우리나라의 커피소비량은 매년 증가하는 추세에 있으며 이에 따라 연간 약 20만 톤의 커피박(Spent Coffee Grounds, SCG)이 발생되고 있으며 SCG는 폐유기물질로 대부분 음식물쓰레기로 분리되어 연간 27만 톤이 수분이 함유된 채로 버려져 심각한 환경적 이슈가 되고 있는 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 커피박의 활용가능성을 평가하기 위해 이화학적 특성분석과 중장기 생육실험을 수행하였으며, 실험결과 기존의 기반재에 SCG를 혼합하는 경우 보습력의 증가와 유기물함량의 보강으로 초기발아나 초기생육은 기존 기반재에 비해 저조하나 중기적으로 발아와 성장이 촉진되는 현상을 보이며 특히 관수중단 등의 상황에서 기존 기반재에 비해 고사율이 낮고 양분의 부족으로 인한 여러 현상이 줄어들고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 SCG는 질소성분이 풍부한 폐유기물로 초기성장을 저해하는 특성이 있으나 보습능력과 유기물의 공급으로 장기생장에 유리한 성질을 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되어 기존의 기반재를 대체하거나 보완할 수 있는 재료인 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.673-682
• /
• 1987

The principal feature of bioprosthetic valve which remains to be completely defined is long-term durability, especially, with regard to the impact of patient age. This report provides extended data regarding valve durability derived from a data base of 515 patients who received lonescu-Shiley bioprosthetic valve between 1978 and 1985; cumulative duration of follow-up was 1562.3 patient-years, with a maximum follow-up duration of 8.7 years. The results of this survey showed as follows: 1] The actuarial freedom from valve failure at 6 years were 43*7% for 0-19 year-old group, 70*1% for 20-39 year-old group and 75*1% for over 40 year-old group separately. 2] Of the causes of valve failure, only the primary tissue failure was markedly influenced by patient`s age [p<0.001], but the prosthetic valve endocarditis was not [p>0.1]. 3] The linealized incidences of primary tissue failure were 7.31% per patient-year in 0-19 year-old group and 0.12% in 20-39 year-old group. 4] The primary tissue failure rate in 0-19 year-old group was 6.36% during first 4 years, but then increased upto 10.95% at postoperative 5 year. Thus we find that in bioprosthetic valve the primary tissue failure is apt to occur when patient is young [especially less than 20 years old] and the postreplacement time passes [especially over 5 years]. The rate of bioprosthesis failure among children and adolescents is clearly higher than that observed in adult patients; however, conclusive quantification of time-related risk for young patient is not yet possible on the basis of existing data. Therefore, the advisability of bioprosthesis implantation in children remains to be determined.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2013

Alloplastic total replacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was developed in recent decades. In some conditions, previous studies suggested the rationale behind alloplastic TMJ replacement rather than reconstruction with autogenous grafts. Currently, three prosthetic products are available and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Among these products, customized prostheses are manufactured, via computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for customized design; stock-type prostheses are provided in various sizes and shapes. In this report, two patients (a 50-year-old female who had undergone condylectomy for the treatment of osteochondroma extending to the cranial base on the left condyle, and a 21-year-old male diagnosed with left temporomandibular ankylosis) were treated using the alloplastic total replacement of TMJ using stock prosthesis. The follow-up results of a favorable one-year, short-term therapeutic outcome were obtained for the alloplastic total TMJ replacement using a stock-type prosthesis.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기관식도과학회 1981년도 제15차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
• /
• pp.5.1-5
• /
• 1981

흥미있는 이물 5례를 치험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 증례 1 : 7세남아에세 Tracheostomy outer cannula관이 삭아 부러져서 Rt. main bronchus례 들어있었던 예. 증례 2 : 51세 남자 trachea에 걸쳐 있었던 한의 침구용 침. 증례 3 : 10개월 여아의 식도제이협착부에, 입밖까지 실 달린채로 걸려 있었던 낚시 바늘. 증례 4 : 16세 남자의 식도제삼협착부에 끝(첨단)이 위로 향해 열려있었던 안전 pin. 증례 5 : 20세남자에서 큰 엽총총알이 Rt. mastoid process 밑을 통하여 Rt. mastoid process와 foramen magnum(skull babe) 중간점에 있는 것을 관혈적으로 제거하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제29권1B호
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 2009

강우유출수의 기저유출(base flow)이 지표수 수질에 영향을 미치는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 이 논문에서는 기저유출로 발생하는 질산성 질소가 수질에 미치는 영향을 USGS의 PULSE 소프트웨어를 사용하여 월별 지하수 유출량을 수문 분리하였다. 2005년도 금강유역의 갑천2 지점의 지표수 수질 및 유량자료를 사용하였으며, 지하수 수질자료는 정부기관 측정자료를 사용 하였다. 갑천2 지점의 상류는 농지 및 임야가 대부분이다. 수문분리 결과, 봄과 가을에는 하천유량의 85~95%가 기저유출 기여량이며 여름과 겨울에는 25~38%가 기저유출 기여량으로 나타났다. 갑천2 지점에서 질산성 질소의 월별 기저유출 부하량은 유역내 지하수의 평균 질산성질소 농도를 이용하여 산정하였다. 갑천2 지점에서 기저유출되는 질산성질소 부하량은 5.4 ton of $NO_{3}{^-}-N/km^{2}$로 추정되었는데, 이는 갑천2 지점의 지표수 질산성 질소 부하량인 9.2 ton of $NO_{3}{^-}-N/km^{2}$의 59%에 해당하는 값이다. 기저유출되는 질산성질소의 계절변화는 월별 질산성질소 부하량을 월별기저유출량으로 나누어 구하였는데, 우기시 질산성 질소의 기저유출농도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통하여 지하수 수질 모니터링이 지표수 수질 관리에 필요함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.44-51
• /
• 2015

As the domestic communication industry has been made rapid progresses, the construction of base stations are also expanded yearly from more than 86,000 ones in the year 2005 to over 300,000 ones in 2013. While the new construction and rebuilt works have been rapidly increased, there has been not tried about the analysis as well as the control of hazards for the construction works. This study is conducted to do not only the focus interview for 27 expert groups who are engaged in the construction works and safety, but also the questionnaires for AHP analysis which is suggested by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency for 92 persons who are engaged in the construction works in order to analyze the hazards of construction works for base stations. The high ranked risk works which are acquired from the two methods are fall under installation of antennae, struck by the hand tools and construction materials under installation of antennae, fall during going up and down the steel tower and telegraph poles and the fall by electric shock during the underground cable works. The control for the above hazards are the installation of fall protection equipments, the installation of safety nets for falling objects and the installation of protection equipment of electric shock.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.88-99
• /
• 2005

This research aimed to investigate the current trends of rooftop greening techniques of frequent use within and without Korea. It is also expected that this research will help developing new rooftop greening techniques appropriate for Korean environment. Data for this study have been collected from patent applications for rooftop greening techniques; the web sites of the Korean Intellectual Property Office as well as patent offices in Germany and Japan, where active researches on rooftop greening techniques are in progress. 168 applications within a period from the year of 1984 to December of 2004 were examined, among which Japan excelled with its 81 applications followed by Germany(54), Korea(31)and USA(2). In case of Japan, where more patent applications were found than in any other countries, applications for Plant Base(38) excelled others - System(36), Management(4) and Plant(3) in the number of applications. As for Germany, 25 cases were on Plant Base, 25 cases on System, and 4 cases on Plant; in Korea, 15 cases were on Plant Base, 11 cases on System, 3 cases on Plant and 2 cases on Management; in USA, 1 cases were on System and 1 cases on Plant. Overall, the total number of patent applications in three countries reaches 168 cases; among which Plant Base topped in all four countries, followed by 73 cases on System. Applications concerning Plant and Management totalled to 11 and 6 for each. In conclusion, most patents were concentrated on Plant Base and System while researches on Plant and Management still do not get as much attention as they deserve. Research and development of various techniques on Plant must be a precondition for the formation of diverse Bio-tops suitable for the environments of specific areas. Concrete researches on rooftop greening techniques will contribute to the improvement of urban ecosystem by developing more convenient and easily applicable techniques during the time of actual construction.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.69-81
• /
• 2022

The change in farmland price has almost always been focused on not only farmers but policy-decision makers; for farmers to get information before purchasing farmland; for policy-decision makers to use appropriate policy tools to stabilize the market. So far the change in farmland price has been calculated as a form of average change on a year-to-year base. Such calculations have become one of the causes which lead to misunderstanding of the farmland market because the year-to-year average change includes changes in price as well as changes in the number of trades and sizes of traded farmland. This paper is designed to suggest a proper method of building a price index for farmland as a tool to review the price change. We considered the applicability of several types of price indices and concluded that a Laspeyres-type price index is the most reasonable choice. A Laspeyres-type price index, however, has a shortcoming in which a reference year's weight may affect the whole period of an index. Thus, we also suggest two other weights, a three-year average including a reference year and a share of farmland. All indices show that farmland prices have risen significantly in recent 10 years. We hope that the indices will be developed into one of the government's formal statistics.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.159-169
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a large representative data base of market information for jeans apparel. This study was to observe consumer buying behavior and to determine the market share of various brands depending on several variables such as age and distribution regions. This study also analyzed the major factors in purchasing jeans for 17-29 age groups. The 660 questionnaires were distributed and 618 reliable ones were used for statistical analysis. A SAS statistical package including frequency' table, Chi-square test, factor analysis, analysis of variance(ANOVA), Duncan's multiple range test was used. The results of this study showed that consumer possessed about 6 pairs of jeans and bought about 3 pairs of jeans per year. The most recently purchased brand was Nix. Lots of brands were statistically significant at the segmented three age groups and in the five different distribution regions. The most popular type of design was the basic style. The result of factor analysis indicated 4 factors(quality/comfort, famous brand/fashion, mood/extrinsic attitude, economy). The result of ANOVA represented that three factors among them have influenced on the preferred design types.