• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.523-530
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• 2014

One juvenile raptor which was not able to be identified due to its head damage was discovered on a roadside in Janggok-ri, Jori-eup, Paju on 28th June, 2011. The species was identified by DNA barcoding. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), we obtained 695 bp sequences. We analyzed the obtained COI sequence with similar sequences from the BOLD systems and BLAST of the NCBI Genbank, and discovered that its sequence showed 100 % similarity values with the one of the five gray-faced buzzards which were previously researched. In addition, it was confirmed to be a female through sex determination using DNA. Such results are important information as it confirms the breeding of the gray-faced buzzards for the first time in 43 years since its breeding was last recorded in 1968, in Paju. Wildlife rescue center needs to work with adjacent consigned registration and preservation institutions when carcass of wild animals is collected or DNA samples are obtained for more accurate both species and sex identification through a systematic management system in the future. Furthermore, the obtained DNA sample of the gray-faced buzzard and COI gene, DNA barcode, could be used as reference standards for similar researches in the future.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.274-285
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• 2007

The subfamily Chrominae of damselfishes (Teleostei: Pomacentridae) includes the genus Chromis and Dascyllus. They are found throughout the tropical oceans and form a major component of coral reef communities. There are 5 species of the Chrominae currently recognized in Korea. This study was conducted to infer phylogenetic position of two Korean Chromis species and one Dascyllus species within general category of their each genus in worldwide level. This study also includes one species of Japanese Dascyllus. In the phylogenetic analysis, the Japanese D. aruanus grouped with D. aruanus previously reported from French Polynesia. Korean Chromis fumea grouped with Australian C. nitida and the p-distance value between the two species is relatively very low (0.047). Korean C. notatus grouped together with C. flavomaculata (New Caledonia). In the sequence analysis of some Korean and Japanese damselfishes, there was no sequence variation between D. melanurus (Jeju, Korea) and D. melanurus (Indo-Pacific), but the sequences of the two populations were different in only one nucleotide sites from that of D. melanurus in Indonesian Archipelago. The sequences of Dascyllus aruanus (Japan) were different in two nucleotide sites from it in French Polynesia. There were high difference between the sequences of two Korean species, Chromis fumea and Korean C. notatus. The variations among mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences indicate that the gene sequence could be used as DNA barcode for identification of local populations of D. aruaus and D. melanurus as well as species level.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

The dried root of Angelica species is used in traditional Chinese medicine in East Asia, particularly in Korea, China and Japan. Since the plant origin differs in these countries, they are often misused or adulterated in the commercial markets, resulting in distrust among the consumers. Enormous efforts have therefore been focused to distinguish the origin for the Angelica genus, by using morphological or cytogenetical analyses, and chemical markers based on biochemical analyses of secondary metabolites. DNA is considerably stable against different cultivation conditions, and to treatment and processing after harvesting of plants. Hence, several researches have been filed for the development of molecular markers, based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms in specific regions of DNA. However, there are several obstacles for application in the commercial markets, concerning the reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity, and rapidity of these tests. In this review, we summarize the research achievements that help classify the origin of Angelica species, in particular, Angelica gigas Nakai. A. sinensis(oliv.) Diels, A. acutiloba Kitag., and A. acutiloba var. sugiyamae Hikino. Further researches are required for practical applications.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1100-1107
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• 2012

Bacterial endophytes may be important factors in plant growth and ecologically relevant functions in rice. Using pyrosequencing technology, we analyzed the composition of endophytic bacterial communities that colonized the roots of rice cultivated in long-term fertilized (APK) and non-fertilized (NF) paddy soils. A total of 1,900 reads were obtained from 2 samples. All sequences were classified into 177 OTUs (APK sample) or 72 OTUs (NF sample) at a 97% similarity cut-off. Twenty-two OTUs were shared between the 2 samples, and these were also the most dominant OTUs in both samples. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum with 90.2%, followed by Actinobacteria (7.1%) and Bacteroidetes (1.1%). Furthermore, Pseudomonas was the most abundant genus in both samples. We observed clear differences in the structure of the endophytic bacterial community structure between the 2 samples. Notably, the distributions of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were markedly different. The diversity index of the APK sample was higher than that of the NF sample. These findings showed that the endophytic bacterial community of rice roots was affected by the presence of fertilizers in the rice field soil.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2017

As container vessels get larger, container terminals are also likely to grow. The problem that arises is that the growing volume should be handled in the same amount of time as before. Container terminals are introducing an automation system in order to overcome the limitations of existing manual methods and to continuously reduce operating expenses. Because, Manual handling of carrying containers gate in and out of terminals causes inaccurate data, which results in confusion. An alternative is for containers to be labeled with barcodes that can be scanned into a system with a scanner, but this takes quite a long time and is inconvenient. A RFID system, also known as a gate automation system, can solve these problems by reducing the time of gate management with a technology that detects number identification plates, helping operators more efficiently perform gate management work. Having said that, with this system, when container damage is detected, gate operators make and keep documents manually. These documents, which are insufficient evidence in proving container damage, result in customer claims. In addition, it is difficult for gate operators and other workers to manage containers, exposing them to danger and accidents. This study suggests that if an automation system is introduced at gates, containers can be managed by a video storage system in order to better document damage The video system maintains information on container damage, allowing operators the ability to search for videos they need upon customer request, also allowing them to be better prepared for customer claims. In addition, this system reduces necessary personnel and risk of accidents near gates by integrating a wide range of work.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

Two mosquito species were collected in still-water near farming area in Andong, Korea. Based on morphological characters, these two mosquitoes were identified as Aedes koreicus and Culex vagans, respectively. DNA barcode analyses supported the identification. An entomopathogenic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (BtI), exhibited insecticidal activities against the two mosquito species and its virulence was more potent than that of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. It has been known that the bacterial metabolites of Xenorhabdus spp. suppress insect immunity and enhance pathogenicity of B. thuringiensis. This study tested the effect of the bacterial culture broth of Xenorhabdus spp. on enhancing BtI pathogenicity. Among three Xenorhabdus spp., culture broth of X. ehlersii (Xe) was relatively effective to enhance BtI pathogenicity against both mosquito species. Indeed, organic extracts of Xe culture broth suppressed the hemocyte-spreading behavior, suggesting the presence of immunosuppressant in the culture broth. These results suggest a formulation of BtPlus by mixing BtI spore and Xe culture broth to be applied to control the two mosquito species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.511-517
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• 2013

Species identification using DNA sequences is the basis for DNA taxonomy. In this study, we sequenced the ribosomal large-subunit RNA gene sequences (3,037-3,061 bp) in length of 13 Chinese Theileria stocks that were infective to cattle and sheep. The complete 28S rRNA gene is relatively difficult to amplify and its conserved region is not important for phylogenetic study. Therefore, we selected the D2-D3 region from the complete 28S rRNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses of 28S rRNA gene sequences showed that the 28S rRNA was useful as a phylogenetic marker for analyzing the relationships among Theileria spp. in ruminants. In addition, the D2-D3 region was a short segment that could be used instead of the whole 28S rRNA sequence during the phylogenetic analysis of Theileria, and it may be an ideal DNA barcode.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to prevent infection in the hospital by computed radiography portable and to provide basic data on infection-related education by investigating bacterial contamination level of computed radiography portable equipment using IP cassette. The results suggest that IP cassette No. 1 is infected with CNS and VRE, no. 2 with CNS, No. 3 with CNS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, No. 4 with CNS, No. 5 with CNS and Bacillus sp., and No. 6 with enterococcus faecium. Enterococcus faecium and bacillus sp. were detected from the IP reader and Acinetobacter baumannii was detected on the mobile handle; Bacillus sp. on the control buttons, CNS and Bacillus sp. from the irradiation control handle, Acinetobacter baumannii on the x-ray generation switch, and CNS on the barcode scanner. In addition, Bacillus sp. Acinetobacter baumannii was found on the IP cassette mobile table and CNS and bacillus sp. were found on the lead apron. Acinetobacter baumannii and CNS were detected from the medical gloves worn by a radiological technologist during radiography. This suggests that IP cassette should be sterilized after use as it can hand over bacteria to IP reader and IP mobile table. Medical gloves that are in direct contact with patients should also be replaced after using them once and other supplies such as x-ray generation switch and lead apron should thoroughly be sterilized to prevent infection due to radiography as they are in a lot of contact with patients.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

The advent of available DNA barcoding technology has been extensively adopted to assist in the reference to differentiate the origin of various medicinal plants species. However, this technology is still far behind the curve of technological advances to be applied in a practical manner in the market to authenticate the counterfeit components or detect the contamination in the admixtures of medicinal plant species. Recently, a high resolution melting curve analysis technique was combined with the procedure of DNA barcoding (Bar-HRM) to accomplish this purpose. In this review, we tried to summarize the current development and bottleneck of processing related to the Bar-HRM technology for the practical application of medicinal plant species' differentiation in a viable global market. Although several successful results have been reported, there are still many obstacles to be resolved, such as limited number of DNA barcodes and single nucleotide polymorphisms, in particular, only one DNA barcode, internal transcribed sequence (ITS) of ribosomal DNA has been reported in the available nuclear genome. In addition, too few cases have been reported about the identification of counterfeit or contamination with processed medicinal plant products, in particular specifically the case of technology based infusion, jam and jelly products and components in which it is noted that DNA can be thereby degraded during the processing of these products and components.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2491-2499
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• 2015

Recently, the most popular technique to determine the Genotype, genetic features of individual organisms, is the GBS based on SNP from sequences determined by NGS. As analyzing the sequences by the GBS, TASSEL is the most used program to identify the genotypes. But, TASSEL has limitation that it uses only the partial sequences that is obtained by NGS. We tried to improve the efficiency in use of the sequences in order to solve the limitation. So, we constructed new data sets by quality checking, filtering the unused sequences with error rate below 0.1% and clipping the sequences considering the location of barcode and enzyme. As a result, approximately over 17% of the SNP detection efficiency was increased. In this paper, we suggest the method and the applied programs in order to detect more SNPs by using the disused sequences.