• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1486-1495
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• 2019

Dealing with the DC link fault poses a technical problem for an HVDC based on a modular multilevel converter. The fault suppressing mechanisms of several sub-module topologies with DC fault current blocking capacity are examined in this paper. An improved half-bridge sub-module topology with double direction control switch is also designed to address the additional power consumption problem, and a sub-module topology called hybrid double direction blocking sub module (HDDBSM) is proposed. The DC fault suppression characteristics and sub-module capacitor voltage balance problem is also analyzed, and a self-startup method is designed according to the number of capacitors. The simulation model in PSCAD/EMTDC is built to verify the self-startup process and the DC link fault suppression features.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.243-256
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• 2000

This physically-based hydrologic model is developed to calculate the soil-moisture balance on paddy fields. This model consists of three modules; the first is the unsaturated module, the second is the rice evapotranspiration module with SPAC(soil-plant-atmospheric-continuum), and the third is the groundwater and open channel flows based upon the interrehtionship module. The model simulates the hydrlogical processes of infiltration, soil water storage, deep perocolation or echarge to the shallow water table, transpiration and evaporation from the soil surface and also the interrelationship of the groundwater and river flow exchange. To verify the applicability of the developed model, it was applied to the Kimjae Plains, located in the center of the Dongjin river basin in Korea, during the most serious drought season of 1994. The result shows that the estimated water net requirement was 757mm and the water deficit was about 5.9% in this area in 1994. This model can easily evaluate the irrigated water quantity and visualize the common crop demands and soil moisture conditions.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Large quantity of bending deformation as well as irregular rotating torque fluctuation are the main struggles of the balance shaft module during a high speed rotation. Since two issues are much sensitive to the location of both supporting bearing and unbalance mass at a balance shaft, it is recommended to construct a design strategy on balance shaft at the early stage so as to save developing time and effort before approaches to the detailed design process. In this paper, an optimal design formulation is proposed to minimize the elastic strain energy due to bending as well as the kinematic energy of polar moment of inertia in rotation. Case studies of optimal design are conducted for different mass ratio as well as linear combination of objective function and its consequence reveals that global optimum of balance shaft model is existed over possible design conditions. Simulation shows that best locations of both supporting bearing and unbalance are globally 20% and 80%, respectively, over total length of a balance shaft.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1268-1275
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• 2005

Vibration in Engine module could be reduced by introducing a balance shaft module which has one or more unbalanced rotors. Since the unbalanced rotor is installed in an opposite direction of the free force or unbalance moment by engine component, the unexpected vibration could be decreased kinematically. The essential equation of the unbalanced rotor was Presented for two cases, 3 in-line and 4 in-line cylinder engine type, And the efficiency of the balance shaft is investigated by the vehicle testing that is focused on measuring the reduced vibration level when adapting a balancing module. With the signal processing of measured signals, some important issues on design the balancing shaft could be derived and the overall design process is explained in the final part including the peripheral component, i.e. housing and bush.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2019

This study proposes a new modulation strategy to deal with unbalanced output voltage that is based on three-level neutral-point-clamped cascaded rectifiers. The fundament idea is to reallocate the value of the voltage levels generated by each of the modules on the basis of space vector pulse width modulation. This proposed modulation strategy can reduce the switching frequency while maintaining the mutual-module voltage balance. First, an analysis of unbalanced output voltage is reflected. Then a new modulation strategy is introduced in detail. Internal module capacitor voltages are balanced by the selection of redundant vectors. Moreover, the voltage balance ability is calculated. Finally, the feasibility of this modulation strategy is verified through experimental results.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 사용자의 자세에 따라 실시간으로 제공되는 진동모터에 의해서 촉각 피드백이 구현되는 골반교정 및 자세균형능력 증진을 위한 균형의자(balance chair)를 개발하고 그 유효성을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 MC Nylon을 이용하여 몸체을 제작하고 사용자 인터페이스를 위한 터치 TFT와 아두이노를 사용한 주 제어모듈, 사용자 자세판별을 위한 9축 가속센서, 촉각피드백을 위한 진동모듈을 내장하고 사용자의 편안한 착석감을 위한 쿠션으로 외부를 둘러싼 균형의자 시제품을 제작하였다. 제작된 시제품을 이용한 자세균형 훈련시스템의 유효성을 확인하기 위해 여성 피험자 10명을 대상으로 척추움직임의 주요근육인 좌우 요장늑근에 대한 근활성도(%MVIC)를 측정하였고 자세균형능력 평가장비인 Spine Balance 3D를 이용하여 훈련 전후의 균형능력을 측정하였다. 균형의자를 통한 운동 및 자세균형 유지 시 진동을 통한 피드백 방법에 의해 사용자의 좌우 요장늑근이 균형적으로 활성화되고 또한 이를 통한 훈련 전후 균형능력이 증진되는 결과를 얻었다. 향후 본 연구는 다양한 자세균형 제품 개발에 기초 연구로 활용 가능하다고 사료된다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2006

In the present study, we develop an analysis module to be applicable to design of sliding thrust bearings. The pressure equation is solved by using the finite element method. Average lubricant temperature is obtained from using the energy balance method. The module developed has been applied to three types of thrust bearing, such as tapered-land thrust bearings of angular and diamond types, and tilting-pad thrust bearings. Effects of the dam of the tapered-lad thrust bearings have also been investigated. It has been seen that the tapered-land thrust bearings of angular type result in the highest load capacity, while the tilting pad thrust bearings result in the lowest lubricant temperature. It has also been seen that the dam in the tapered-land thrust bearings increases both the load capacity and lubricant temperature.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.81.2-81.2
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• 2010

고체 산화물 연료전지(SOFC) 시스템은 스택과 기계적 주변 장치인 MBOP(Mechanical Balance of Plant), 그리고 전기적 주변장치인 EBOP(Electrical Balance of Plant)로 구성되어있다. SOFC는 일반적으로 $700^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온에서 작동되기 때문에 효율적인 열 이용 및 열 관리가 중요하다. SOFC 시스템의 MBOP에는 상온의 연료가스들을 고온으로 가열하여 스택에 유입 시기키 위한 열교환기 및 촉매연소기 등의 장치들이 필요하며, 효율적인 열관리를 위해서는 고온에서 작동하는 장치들을 한곳에 통합하여 구성하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 SOFC 시스템의 MBOP(Mechanical Balance of Pant) 중 고온부에 해당하는 촉매연소기, 열교환기 및 스택이 통합된 스택 모듈을 제작에 앞서 개념 검증을 위해 열교환기 및 촉매연소기로 이루어진 프로토타입(prototype)의 SOFC 모듈평가 장치를 제작하였다. 열교환기는 Plate형으로 총 6개로 구성되어 있으며, 연료극과 공기극 가스라인에 각각 3개씩 배치하여 스택에 유입되는 연료 및 공기가 촉매연소기에서 나오는 고온의 배가스와 열교환되어 가열되도록 구성하였다. 촉매연소기는 honeycomb 타입의 촉매를 사용하였고, 촉매연소기로 유입되는 연료극 배가스와 공기의 균일혼합과 hot spot을 방지하기 위한 장치를 삽입하여 제작하였다. 제작된 SOFC 모듈평가장치는 시운전을 통해 각 장치의 성능 확인 후 반응면적이 $20{\times}20cm^2$ 인 단전지를 적층하여 연계 운전을 수행하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.801-806
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• 2008

Large quantity of bending deformation as well as rotating torque fluctuation at the balance shaft are main struggles during the operation in a high speed rotation and thereby, two issues should be cleared at the design process of balance shaft module. Since two issues are highly related with balance shaft itself and particularly much sensitive to the location of both supporting bearing and unbalance mass, the design strategy on balance shaft should be investigated at the aspect of controlling two critical issues at the early stage of balance shaft design. To tackle two main problems, the formulation of objective function that minimizes critical issues, both bending deformation as well as torque fluctuation, is suggested to derive the optimal information on balance shaft. Then, optimal informations are reviewed at the practical logics and the guideline at the selection of locations, both supporting bearing and unbalance mass, is addressed at the final chapter.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2010

A 5kW class SOFC cogeneration system consisted of a hot box part, a cold BOP (balance of plant) part, and a hot water reservoir. The hot box part contained a stack, a fuel reformer, a catalytic combustor, and heat exchangers. A cold BOP part was composed of blowers, pumps, a water trap, and system control units. A 5kW stack was designed to integrate 2 sub-modules. In this paper, the 5kW class SOFC system was operated using 2 short stacks connected in parallel to test the sub-module and the system. A short stack had 15 cells with $15{\times}15 cm^2$ area. When a natural gas was used, the total power was about 1.38 kW at 120A. Because the sub-modules were connected in parallel and current was loaded using a DC load, voltages of sub-modules were same and the currents were distributed according to the resistance of sub-modules. The voltage of the first stack was 11.46 V at 61A and the voltage of the second stack was 11.49V at 59A.