• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.272-277
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• 1990

유과 품질향상을 위한 몇 가지 첨가물의 효과와 공정개선을 위한 수침시간 단축 및 쌀가루에 의한 유과제조 시험을 수행하였다. 불린 콩을 첨가(3%, w/w)한 유과는 팽화도가 높았고 물리적 조직특성도 우수하였으며 관능검사 결과도 이들 경향과 일치하였으나 baking powder, 변형녹말과 막걸리, 소주, 청주 등 주류는 첨가효과가 인정되지 않았다. 그러나 주류는 유과의 외형적인 조직이 치밀해지는 경향을 보였다. 쌀전분의 호화근접 온도인 $60^{\circ}C$의 고온수침에서 3시간 정도면 충분한 수화가 이루어져 저온 장시간($12{\sim}14$시간) 수침한 경우와 차이가 없었으며 고온수침시간의 연장(12시간)에서는 품질개선 효과가 인정되기 않았다. 그리고 건식제분한 쌀가루로 유과를 만드는 경우 100mesh가 팽화도 및 경도에서 우수하였으나 습식제분보다 품질이 떨어져 제분방법과 제분기의 별도연구가 필요하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권8호
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• pp.1248-1256
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• 2014

자죽염(purple bamboo salt; PBS)을 제조하는 공정에 영향을 미치는 원염(갯벌천일염, MSS; 죽염, BS)의 종류, 대나무 첨가에 따른 BS의 이화학적 특성, 황 화합물, 미네랄 함량 및 환원력을 비교 분석하고, 이를 통해 PBS에 함유된 $SO_2$와 산화환원전위(ORP)의 발생 원인을 분석하였다. BS를 고온에서 용융시켜 제조한 PBS에서 630 ppm의 $SO_2$가 검출되었다. PBS의 원료 염과 RB에서는 $SO_2$가 검출되지 않았으나, 염화물, 황산염류, 탄산염류와 대나무(RB)를 함께 탄화시켜 $SO_2$ 검출 원인을 확인한 결과 황산칼륨에 의해 782 ppm이 발생하였다. BS의 $SO_2$는 BSRB1(13.88)~BSRB4(109.13 ppm)에서만 발생하였고 $SO{_3}{^{2-}}$는 MSSRB4와 BSRB2~BSRB4에서만 발생하였으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. $SO_4{^{2-}}$는 시간이 지남에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며 $SO_2$와 $SO_3{^{2-}}$가 많을수록 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. ORP는 모두 시간이 지남에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고 BS에서 더 높은 수준을 나타내었으며, BSRB4(-211.40 mV)에서 가장 높은 환원력을 나타내었다. 일반적 특성 중 불용분은 BS에서 더 높았으며 RB가 탄화되어 남은 물질들이 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. Ca, K, Mg의 경우 굽는 시간 경과에 따라 MSS는 감소, BS는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. BSRB4의 Ca는 1.4배, Mg는 1.5배 증가하였고 K 함량은 1.8배 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 미량 미네랄은 굽는 시간 경과에 따라 MSS에서 Li, Al, Mn, Fe, Sr이 증가되었고, BS에서 Al, Fe, Ni가 증가하였다. 음이온(Cl, $NO_3$, Br)과 중금속(Pb, Cd, Hg, As)은 각 요인에 대한 영향을 받지 않았다. 결론적으로 BS의 기능성을 나타내는 환원력은 $SO_2$ 및 $SO_3{^{2-}}$와 같은 저분자 황화합물에 의한 것이며, 이는 한 번 굽는 과정을 거친 BS를 사용하고 이에 RB를 첨가하여 고온에서 용융하는 시간이 길수록 이들 황화물질이 많아져 환원력이 증가된다는 것을 의미하는 것이다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2001

Baking properties of Korean domestic wheat flour supplemented with pine pollen powder were investigated. Farinographic characteristics showed that the addition of pine pollen increased water absorption without any changes in dough development time and stability of dough in comparison with control. A higher gelatinization temperature and a lower maximum viscosity of dough on amylogram were observed with pine pollen powder addition. The addition of pine pollen powder showed decrease in redness and increases in lightness and yellowness of bread crumb. A significant increase in bread volume was observed as the pine pollen powder added more. Springiness. cohesiveness and resilience of bread were increased by pine pollen powder. Sensory evaluation of bread showed that the addition of pine pollen powder, especially at the level of 1%, enhanced color, mouth feeling, bleak and appearance without significant reduction of overall acceptability.

• 진공이야기
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2017

Recently, KSTAR, Korea's superconducting fusion energy research and development device, has succeeded in driving the high performance plasma for 70 seconds for the first time in the world. Continuous plasma operation technology is an essential factor for commercialization of fusion energy power generation. Therefore, this achievement is expected to play a major role in the research of fusion technology required for future fusion power plants. In order to operate the KSTAR, the discharge process in which the neutral gas is turned into the plasma should be preceded in the start-up (breakdown) phase of tokamak operation. This process essentially involves the vacuum environment in the tokamak device. KSTAR has successfully operated a vacuum pumping system to achieve the target level of the vacuum environment through a high temperature baking operation, a discharge cleaning process and boronization.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

Degradation of cellulose during prolonged exposure in atmospheric conditions has been recognized as one of main problems in preserving cellulose-made products. The purpose of this research was therefore to study effects of borohydride reduction in improving both the color and strength retention of cotton fabrics artificially aged at temperatures ranging from $100^{\circ}C$ to $150^{\circ}C$. Results indicated that the fabrics treated with either sodium or tetramethylammonium borohydrides (TMA) were degraded at rates about one-half that of water-washed cotton. These results were consistent over the temperature range. Calculation of the activation energy (Ea) by different methods showed $Ea\;=\;25.5{\pm}\;1.5\;Kcal$, in keeping with measurements made by others at lower temperatures. The TMA-treatment was effective in minimizing discoloration of the fabrics with pre-baking, but not of the un-prebaked fabrics.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1442-1446
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• 2006

In this paper, the response surface modeling of the pretilt angle control in the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) on the homogeneous polyimide surface with different surface treatment is investigated The rubbing strength and the hard baking temperature are considered as input factors. After the design of experiments is performed, the process model is then explored using the response surface methodology. The analysis of variance is used to analyze the statistical significance and the effect plots are also investigated to examine the relationship between the process parameters and the response.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 디스플레이 광소자분야
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• pp.81-83
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• 2003

We have investigated the generation of pretilt angle for a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with rubbing alignment method on polyimide surfaces using thin plastic substrates. It was found that monodomain alignment of LNC is obtained with rubbing alignment method on polyimide surfaces using thin plastic substrates. The generated NLC pretilt angles are about $3^{\circ}$ by the rubbing alignment method on thin plastic substrates, However, the pretilt angle measured at about $1.7^{\circ}$ lower on the glass substrate than by thin plastic substrate. It is considered that this alignment may be attributed to roughness of micro groove substrate. The tilt angle increases with increasing baking temperature for making polyimide layer using glass substrate. It was concluded that pretilt angle in the polyimide surface is attributable to the increasing of imide rato.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.621-627
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• 1996

$SrBi_{2x}TaO_9$ ferroelectric thin films were prepared on platinized silicon substrates using MOD proces, and crystallization behavior of the films was investigated with variation of the annealing temperature and Bi content x. Crystalline phase of bismuth layered perovskite structure was formed even by baking the films at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes in air, and was not changed by annealing at temperatures raning from $700^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour in oxygen ambient. When $SrBi_{2x}TaO_9$ thin films ($0.8\lex\ie1.6$) were annealed at $800^{\circ}C$, Preferred orientation of the films along c-axis was observed with $x\ge1.2$. With increasing Bi content x, surface morphology of the films was changed from equiaxed grains to elongated grains.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.414-422
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develop multifunctional fabric that was improved antimicrobial activity and reduction rate of gas by treatment of mixture that was blended chito colla ad crosslinking material for Nylon. Antimicrobial activity was proved 99% reduction rat of gas in case of treated was icreased. The surface of treated fiber noted harshness and irregularity. Whiteness of treated on the baking condition was decreased as time and temperature was increased. Air permeability and moisure regain of treated equally was maintained. Water absorption and static voltage of treated were increased. KOSHI and T.H.V. of treated was increased than that of untreated B/W of treated was improved that, that of untreated and 2HB/B. W/T of treated were reduced.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develop multifunctional fabric that has improved antimicrobial activity and reduction rate of gas by treatment of mixture of chito colla and crosslinking material for polyester. The surface morphology of treated PET fabric was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The properties of the PET fabric, such as antimicrobial activity, whiteness, moisture regain, water absorption and static voltage, and handle were investigated. Antimicrobial activity of treated PET fabric was proved 99%. The surface of treated PET fabric showed harshness and irregularity. The whiteness of treated PET fabric on the baking condition was decreased as time and temperature was increased. The moisure regain of treated PET fabric equally was maintained. Water absorption and static voltage of treated PET fabric were improved. KOSHI of treated PET fabric was increased compared with the untreated PET fabric H/W of treated PET fabric was improved compared with the untreated PET fabric and 2HB/B of treated PET fabric were reduced.