• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.72-77
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• 2013

Tissue and paper manufacturing companies have common problems with increasing cost of imported virgin pulp and the restriction of using woods in the forest. Possibility of using bagasse pulp for solving those problems was studied. In order to reduce the production cost and study the dependency on pulps, bagasse pulp has been studied for mixing with Sw-BKP and Hw-BKP. Optimum blending ratio of wood pulps and bagasse pulp to enhance tissue properties were analyzed. Various properties of the hand sheet after blending of wood pulp and bagasse pulp were measured. As results, the bagasse pulp could substitute the hard wood pulp with similar properties of tissue. Therefore, we judged that the bagasse pulp was suitable for replacement of the hardwood pulp.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.337-347
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• 2006

Papers made from unbleached and bleached bagasse chemimechanical pulp were chemically modified by acetylation. The effects of irradiation on unbleached and bleached also reduced papers of bagasse chemimechanical pulp before and after acetylation were investigated in this study. Chemimechanical pulp was prepared from bagasse and then bleached with hydrogen peroxide. Unbleached and hydrogen bleached pulps were reduced by Sodium borohydride in different procedures. Paper sheets were prepared from pulps and then acetylated using a technical grade of acetic anhydride. Accelerated photo-aging was run on the samples using fluorescent lamps to verify photo-stability of paper sheets before and after pretreatments. Brightness reversion (as Post-color number) and other optical properties of the paper sheets were measured. Efficient inhibition of photo-yellowing of papers made from bagasse CMP was achieved by acetylation. The acetylated unbleached CMP was noticeably photo-bleached during irradiation. Sodium borohydride reduction followed by acetylation had the same effect as acetylation alone at the same degree of reaction time and reductive treatment did not affect the yellowing rate to any great extent. The pre-reduced, acetylated unbleached papers were, however, not brightened during irradiation. Calculation done by Kubelka-Munk equation showed that reductive treatment had little effect in reducing the photo-yellowing of paper made from CMP pulp; a small stabilization effect was observed in the case of bleached CMP, while unbleached CMP was slightly more prone to discolor in the later phase of photo-reversion. The improved stability towards light may was closely related to the decrease in the phenolic hydroxyl content as a result of blocking by acetyl groups during treatment with acetic anhydride. The results support the hypothesis that phenolic hydroxyl has an important role in the process of photo-reversion of high-yield pulps. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the acetylation of paper manufactured from peroxide bleached Bagasse CMP significantly retards light-induced discoloration. The inhibition of yellowing is connected with a decrease in the phenolic hydroxyl content of both unbleached and peroxide bleached papers.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.5 s.113
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• pp.15-24
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• 2005

Different types of antioxidants compounds were prepared economically from natural sources. Application of these compounds towards photo stabilization of high yield bagasse pulp has been investigated. It was found that potato peel antioxidant followed by clove volatile oil provides lower brightness reversion and better photo stabilization effect for paper made from high yield bagasse pulp after exposure to UV lights in comparison with butyl hydroxy anisol or chamomile volatile oil.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2015

Soda-AQ pulp made from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and oil palm trunk (OPT) were bleached in element chlorine free (ECF) sequence. Bleached SCB and OPT pulp was achieve higher brightness than 85.0% ISO. Viscosity of SCB bleached pulp and OPT bleached pulp were achieved 18-27 cPs and 18-26 cPs. In 7.8% active chlorine dioxide addition, bleached SCB pulp was shown 88.7% ISO brightness and 20.4 cPs viscosity. And bleached OPT pulp was shown 88.5% ISO brightness and 18.8 cPs viscosity with 7.8% active chlorine dioxide addition.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.25-29
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• 2001

Dimethyldioxirane (DMD), which is a source of active oxygen, is effective agent that can be used in chemical pulp bleaching. In this study, delignification of kraft bagasse pulp has been carried out by using DMD. The effect of the applied charge of DMD (as active oxygen) and pH of the delignification medium were studied. The optimum conditions of the applied DMD charge and pH of the delignification reaction were achieved at pH range from 8~9, 2% of DMD (as active oxygen) and the rest of delignification reaction conditions were $25^{\circ}C$, 60 min, and 12% pulp consistency. The development of brightness per unit kappa number removal (ΔBrightness/ Δ Kappa number) has highest value at the optimum condition. The study showed that the reactivity of kraft bagasse pulp be enhanced to wards alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching by pulp treatment with DMD.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.5 s.113
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• pp.56-62
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• 2005

The catalytic effect of molybdovandophosphate heteropolyanion (HPAs) on the delignification of kraft bagasse pulp by hydrogen peroxide has been investigated. Very small amounts of the catalyst (0.05 0.3 mM/l) gave convenient results. Partial reduction of the catalyst was also studied. The effect of reaction medium (water, ethyl alcohol and acetone) on the bleaching was also studied. The results obtained show that the optimum condition for bleaching in presence of polyoxometalate were 0.05 mM/l catalyst concentration at $70^{\circ}C$ reaction temperature and $7\%$ consistency at pH 2 in aqueous medium. The ratio of water to solvent of 60:40 from acetone gives higher brightness than ethyl alcohol. The catalyst solution can be reused for 5 times without any reduction in brightness. ESR for the blank and exhausted solutions under different conditions was also carried out to find the relation between reduced metals and pulp brightness.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.81-87
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• 2015

Soda-AQ pulp made from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) were bleached in element chlorine free (ECF) sequence. To reduce chlorine dioxide use, final peroxide bleaching was introduced. Prior to peroxide bleaching, different chelating chemicals were applied for comparative analysis in ISO brightness and viscosity. When using equal total chlorine dioxide usage (4.5%), bleached SCB pulp using chelate and hydrogen peroxide (DEDQP) was reached 86.8% (DTPA), 86.4% (EDTA) ISO brightness, whereas bleached pulp using only hydrogen peroxide (DEDP) reached at 81.2% ISO brightness. Viscosity of DEDQP bleached pulp was 25.6 cPs (DTPA), 25.2 cPs (EDTA), And DEDP bleached pulp was shown 18.0 cPs viscosity. Decreasing of transition metal by chelate process led to improvements in final brightness along with higher viscosity. Due to EDTA is 5-7 times cheaper than DTPA, EDTA is recommended as chelating chemical prior to peroxide bleaching.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.30-36
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• 2001

Caro's acid (persulphuric acid) has been proposed as a promising reagent used in pulping of lignocellu-losic materials. Bagass was subjected to caro's acid pulping under different pulping conditions of per acid concentration (2~8 percent), pulping temperatures (40~$60^{\circ}C$) and pulping time (120~240 min). The influence of different parameters of caro's acid pulping process on the chemical and strength properties of the produced pulps had been studied. Peracid concentration and pulping temperature are the most important variables of the pulping process. High degree of delignification and good deliberation were achieved at moderate pulping conditions in the studied range. Pulping experiments of bagasse by using caro's acid had been carried out for determination of the optimum comditions of the process. In inch case to effectively tackle the problem, a specific design of an experiment is selected depending on the goals to be achieved in the experimentation. The study could enable us to excepect the bagasse pulp properties (yield, Kappa number, DP) that be stated as function of the independent variables of caro's acid pulping process (per acid concentration, pulping temperature and pulping time).

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 2014

In this present study, bagasse based pulp and paper industry wastewater was treated under different operating conditions such as initial pH (6-8), temperature ($25-35^{\circ}C$) and contact time (3-7 days) by using Bacillus subtilis. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box-Behnken response surface design (BBD) was employed to investigate the effect of process variables on the responses such as turbidity, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The experimental data were analyzed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the second order polynomial models were developed. Interactive effects of the process variables on the responses were studied using plotting 3D response surface contour graph and the optimum process conditions were found to be: initial pH of 7, temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and contact time of 5 days. Under these conditions, removal efficiencies of turbidity, BOD and COD were found to be 85%, 93% and 80% respectively which are close agreement with real experiments. These results indicate that the treatment of bagasse based pulp and paper industry wastewater using Bacillus subtilis is an effective and novel technique.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.231-237
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• 2006

Grease barrier food containers are commonly used for packaging of fast food, cooked food, and food in general. Greaseproofing is also used for certificate paper and label paper etc. Different pulp raw materials, due to their different fiber morphology and chemical compositions, produce papers of varying characteristics. We used optical photomicroscopy and fiber analysis data to evaluate fiber morphology and traits under various beating conditions in order to understand which pulp raw materials produced superior greaseproofing property when a fluorinated greaseproofing agent was added internally. The experiment studied 9 species of pulps, including 2 softwood (northern pine and radiata pine) bleached kraft pulps which were beaten to 550 and 350 mL CSF, respectively; 3 hardwoods (eucalypts, acacia, mixed Indonesian hardwoods) bleached kraft pulps which were beaten to 450 and 250 mL CSF, respectively; and nonwood fibers of reed, bagasse, and abaca. A fluorinated greaseproofing chemical at 0.12% dosage with respect to dry pulp was added to each pulp preparation and formed handsheets. A total of 67 sets of handsheets were prepared, and their basis weights, thickness, bulks, opacities, wet opacities, air resistance, water absorption and degrees of greaseproofing were measured for an overall evaluation of pulp and freeness on greaseproofing papers. The experimental fiber length, coarseness and distribution characteristics and the greaseproofing results suggest that softwood pulps (radiate pine > northern pine) were superior to hardwood pulps (eucalypts > acacia > mixed Indonesian hardwoods). The unbeaten pulps gave papers with high porosities and nearly devoid of greaseproofing property. Greaseproofing is proportional to air resistance. Among the nonwood fibers, bagasse had the best greaseproofing property, followed by reed and abaca was the poorest. With regards to waterproofing property, hardwood pulps (mixed Indonesian hardwoods > acacia > eucalypts) were better than softwood pulps (northern pine > radiate pine). Among the Nonwood fibers, reed had the highest waterproofing property, and it was followed by abaca, while bagasse had the poorest waterproofing characteristic. In summary, bleached kraft northern pine, eucalypts and reed pulps were best suited for making greaseproofing papers, Freeness of the pulps should be kept at $200{\sim}280mL$ CSF for optimal performance.