• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.365-373
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• 2023

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.402-409
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• 2016

It has been found that 4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol (KTH-13), a novel compound isolated from Cordyceps bassiana, is able to suppress tumor cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. To mass-produce this compound, we established a total synthesis method. Using those conditions, we further synthesized various analogs with structural similarity to KTH-13. In this study, we aimed to test their anti-cancer activity by measuring anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities. Of 8 compounds tested, 4-methyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol (KTH-13-Me) exhibited the strongest anti-proliferative activity toward MDA-MB 231 cells. KTH-13-Me also similarly suppressed the survival of various cancer cell lines, including C6 glioma, HCT-15, and LoVo cells. Treatment of KTH-13-Me induced several apoptotic signs in C6 glioma cells, such as morphological changes, induction of apoptotic bodies, and nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation. Concordantly, early-apoptotic cells were also identified by staining with FITC-Annexin V/PI. Moreover, KTH-13-Me highly enhanced the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and decreased the protein level of Bcl-2. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of Src and STAT3 were diminished in KTH-13-Me-treated C6 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that KTH-13-Me can be developed as a novel anti-cancer drug capable of blocking proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and blocking cell survival signaling in cancer cells.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.419-425
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two propiverine hydrochloride tablets, BUP-4 (Jeil Pharm. Co., Ltd.) and Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride (Kuhnil Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The propiverine release from the two propiverine hydrochloride formulations in vitro was tested using KP VIII Apparatus II method with a variety of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solutions, water and blend of polysorbate 80 into pH 6.8). Twenty six healthy male subjects, $23.73{\pm}2.79$ years in age and $67.04{\pm}7.93\;kg$ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2\;{\times}\;2$ cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 20 mg as propiverine hydrochloride was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of propiverine in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t,\;C_{max}$ and untransformed $T_{max}$. The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the BUP-4 were 0.17%, 7.98% and 4.55% for $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$. respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) $(e.g.,\;log(0.88){\sim}log(1.l2)\;and\;log(0.90){\sim}log(1.l5)\;for\;AUC_t\;and\;C_{max},\;respectively)$. Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride tablet was bioequivalent to BUP-4 tablet.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.336-345
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the treatment modalities (Tx-Mods) for patients with unilateral hemifacial microsomia (UHFM) according to Pruzansky-Kaban types and growth stages. Methods: The samples consisted of 82 Korean UHFM patients. Tx-Mods were defined as follows: Tx-Mod-1, growth observation due to mild facial asymmetry; Tx-Mod-2, unilateral functional appliance; Tx-Mod-3, fixed orthodontic treatment; Tx-Mod-4, growth observation due to a definite need for surgical intervention; Tx-Mod-5, unilateral mandibular or bimaxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO); Tx-Mod-6, maxillary fixation using LeFort I osteotomy and mandibular DO/sagittal split ramus osteotomy; Tx-Mod-7, orthognathic surgery; and Tx-Mod-8, costochondral grafting. The type and frequency of Tx-Mod, the number of patients who underwent surgical procedures, and the number of surgeries that each patient underwent, were investigated. Results: The degree of invasiveness and complexity of Tx-Mod increased, with an increase in treatment stage and Pruzansky-Kaban type (initial < final; [I, IIa] < [IIb, III], all p < 0.001). The percentage of patients who underwent surgical procedures increased up to 4.2 times, with an increase in the Pruzansky-Kaban type (I, 24.1%; IIa, 47.1%; IIb, 84.4%; III, 100%; p < 0.001). However, the mean number of surgical procedures that each patient underwent showed a tendency of increase according to the Pruzansky-Kaban types (I, n = 1.1; IIa, n = 1.5; IIb, n = 1.6; III, n = 2.3; p > 0.05). Conclusions: These findings might be used as basic guidelines for successful treatment planning and prognosis prediction in UHFM patients.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

배경 및 목적 타액선 선양낭성암종은 느린 성장 속도와 늦은 원격 전이를 특징으로 하는 드문 상피성종양이다. 본 연구는 다양한 임상 병리학적 변수를 통해 선양낭성암종의 원격 전이에 영향을 주는 인자를 조사하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 1999년 10월부터 2011년 12월까지 본원 이비인후과에서 타액선 선양낭성암종으로 진단되어 치료 받은 44명(남자 19명, 여자 25명)을 대상으로 원격전이를 유발하는 위험 인자를 조사하였다. 8명의 환자는 배제 기준에 따라 제외하였다. 환자의 평균 연령은 54세였다. 환자의 병리 보고서, 종양의 크기, T 병기, 수술 절제연의 종양 존재 유무, 신경 조직 침습, 림프절 전이가 조사되었다. 결 과 15명의 환자가 원격전이가 있었으며 21명은 원격 전이가 없었다. 원격 전이를 유발할 수 있는 여러 인자들을 비교하였을 때, 원격 전이는 수술 절제연의 종양 세포 잔존(p=0.014), 종양의 크기(p=0.038), 진행된 T 병기(p=0.024)가 통계적으로 유의하게 연관성이 있었다. 림프절 전이와 신경 조직 침습은 원격 전이와 연관이 없었다. 결 론 종양의 크기, 진행된 T 병기, 수술 후 절제연의 종양 세포 잔존은 원격 전이의 예측 인자로 생각된다. 따라서 이에 해당하는 환자의 경우 더욱 철저한 관리 및 경과 관찰을 요한다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system application on microbial hazard management levels of pork and manufacturing environments. In this study, we compared and analyzed microbial levels in raw meat, finished products, and manufacturing environments (knifes, gloves, and cutting boards) of HACCP and non-HACCP meat markets. In addition, we surveyed the hygiene statuses of HACCP and non-HACCP meat markets. The general bacterial counts in raw meat, finished products, and manufacturing environments were lower in HACCP meat markets than in non-HACCP meat markets. Particularly, non-HACCP meat markets exceeded the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety microbiological recommendation criteria for raw meats (8.7%) and finished products (8.7%). Escherichia coli and coliform counts in raw meat, finished products, and manufacturing environments were also lower in HACCP meat markets than in non-HACCP meat markets. The biological hazard levels of finished products from non-HACCP meat markets were affected by raw meat and manufacturing environment. Moreover, according to questionnaire survey results, personal hygiene, manufacturing environment, and facility standards were lower in non-HACCP meat markets than in HACCP meat markets. Implementation of HACCP at meat markets is expected to minimize food poisoning by reducing the biological hazard levels to provide safe livestock products to consumers.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.385-396
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• 2011

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of adhesion variables such as the priming concepts of canal wall and the curing modes of adhesives on the sealing ability of a resin-based root canal filling system. Materials and Methods: Apical microleakage of the Resilon-RealSeal systems filled with 3 different combinations of adhesion variables was compared with the conventional gutta-percha filling using a dye penetration method. Experimental groups were SEDC, Resilon (Resilon Research LLC) filling with self-etch RealSeal (SybronEndo) primer and dual-cure RealSeal sealer; NELC, Resilon filling with no etching, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE) primer application and light-curing adhesive; and TELC, Resilon filling with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose primer and adhesive used under total etch / wet bonding and lightcure protocols. GPCS, gutta-percha filling with conventional AH26 plus sealer, was the control group. Results: The median longitudinal dye penetration length of TELC was significantly shorter than those of GPCS and SEDC (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05). In the cross-sectional microleakage scores, TELC showed significant differences from other groups at 2 to 5 mm from the apical foramen (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05). Conclusions: When a resin-based root canal filling material was used, compared to the self-etching primer and the dual-cure sealer, the total etch/wet-bonding with primer and light-curing of adhesive showed improved apical sealing and was highly recommended.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2012

Although advances in multi-detector computed tomography (CT) technique make it possible to evaluate peripheral subsegmental pulmonary arteries, several studies have reported that small peripheral embolisms may still be missed. Recently, some reports demonstrated that dual-energy CT improved the capability to detect peripheral pulmonary embolism. We report a case of lymphoma presenting as disseminated microvascular pulmonary tumor embolism, detected by perfusion images using dual energy CT.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.749-760
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• 2017

Recently, the proportion of tunnel structures in roads and railways has increased rapidly. Along with this trend, the rate of occurrence of cracks and dropouts in concrete lining of tunnel structures is increasing. Generally, maintenance of such concrete lining is normalized and managed as the core of maintenance work in tunnel maintenance. However, the maintenance of the tunnel pavement is important in securing driver in the tunnel. In the design of tunnels, the underground condition of the tunnel is designed to be in good rock condition, so there have not been many cases of cracks in the tunnel pavement in the past. Recently, the construction of tunnel structures has been rapidly increased, and the length of the tunnels has become longer.Tunnel pavement installed in these ground conditions is increasing the occurrence of cracks in the pavement due to decrease of bearing capacity of the pavement after a long time. In this study, FWD and GPR were conducted to analyze the types of cracks and the reduction of bearing capacity in the tunnel.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.591-594
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• 2006

We report a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following adjuvant chemotherapy. A 51-year-old woman with stage IIIA adenocarcinoma received left lower lobe lobectomy in July, 2006. And then combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin was given to the patient. In five days after completion of second cycle of the chemotherapy, she visited emergency room because of general weakness and seizure. Her brain MRI was shown to be no evidence of brain metastasis. Serum sodium, urine and plasma osmolarities were 117mEq/L, 589 and 244mOsm/kg, respectively. She was improved with fluid restriction. Although occurrence of SIADH following chemotherapy is rare, physician should give an attention the potential for development of SIADH in the course of chemotherapyin non-small cell lung cancer patient.