• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.827-833
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• 2016

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) binds to calcineurin through the PxIxIT motif, which is evolutionarily conserved. SP repeat phosphorylation in RCAN1 is required for its complete function. The specific interaction between RCAN1 and calcineurin is critical for calcium/calmodulin-dependent regulation of calcineurin serine/threonine phosphatase activity. In this study, we investigated two available deletion rcan-1 mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans, which proceed differently for transcription and translation. We found that rcan-1 may be required for calcineurin activity and possess calcineurin-independent function in body growth and egg-laying behavior. In the genetic background of enhanced calcineurin activity, the rcan-1 mutant expressing a truncated RCAN-1 which retains the calcineurin-binding PxIxIT motif but misses SP repeats stimulated growth, while rcan-1 lack mutant resulted in hyperactive egg-laying suppression. These data suggest rcan-1 has unknown functions independent of calcineurin, and may be a stimulatory calcineurin regulator under certain circumstances.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.69 no.4
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• pp.256-264
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• 2010

Background: According to the notion of the immunoregulatory functions of moxifloxacin (MFX), the effect of MFX on the neutrophilic respiratory burst in conjunction with the expression of cytosolic phospholipase $A_2$ ($cPLA_2$) was investigated. Methods: The effects and possible mechanisms of MFX on neutrophilic respiratory burst in oleic acid (OA)-induced acutely injured rats lung and OA-stimulated, isolated murine neutrophils were probed, associated with the expression of cytosolic phospholipase $A_2$ in vivo and in vitro. Results: In the OA-induced acutely-injured lungs, neutrophils were accumulated, which was attenuated by MFX. The parameters denoting a neutrophilic respiratory burst, such as nitro blue tetrazolium reaction, cytochrome-c reduction, neutrophil aggregation, $H_2O_2$ production in neutrophils revealed increased neutrophilic respiratory burst by OA, and MFX decreased all of these parameters. In addition, the enhanced expression of $cPLA_2$ in the lung and isolated murine neutrophils by OA were decreased by MFX. Conclusion: MFX suppresses the OA-induced neutrophilic respiratory burst by the suppression of $cPLA_2$ in neutrophils.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.70 no.6
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• pp.482-489
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• 2011

Background: Based on the assertion that apocynin diminishes acute lung injury (ALI) by inhibition of NADPH oxidase, the effect of apocynin was tested in interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-1)-induced ALI in rats. Methods: IL-1 was insufflated into the trachea of Sprague-Dawley rats to induce ALI, and apocynin (8 mg/kg) was given intravenously for inhibition of NADPH oxidase. In addition, we determined whether apocynin inhibited generation of superoxide anions from isolated human neutrophils. Five hours after IL-1 instillation, lung injury parameters, expression of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) by cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), an index of oxidative stress in lung tissues (${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase, activity), and ultrastructure of alveolar type II (AT II) cells were evaluated. Results: Apocynin decreased the generation of free radicals from phorbol myristate (PMA)-activated neutrophils in vitro, but did not ameliorate ALI. IL-1 induced enhancement of the expression of cPLA2 on neutrophils was not altered by apocynin. Conclusion: Apocynin induced suppression of the generation of superoxide anions from neutrophils by inhibition of NADPH oxidase does not attenuate IL-1-induced ALI in rats.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2017

Detecting small infrared targets from the low-SCR images at a long distance is very hard. The previous Local Contrast Method (LCM) algorithm based on the human visual system shows a superior performance of detecting small targets by a background suppression technique through local contrast measure. However, its slow processing speed due to the heavy multi-scale processing overhead is not suitable to a variety of real-time applications. This paper presents a lightweight real-time small target detection algorithm, called by the Improved Selective Local Contrast Method (ISLCM), to reduce the scale-invariant computational overhead. The proposed ISLCM applies the improved local contrast measure to the predicted selective region so that it may have a comparable detection performance as the previous LCM while guaranteeing low scale-invariant computational load by exploiting both adaptive scale estimation and small target feature feasibility. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce its computational overhead considerably while maintaining its detection performance compared with the previous LCM.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4615-4619
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• 2013

Background: Artesunate, extracted from Artemisia annua, has been proven to have anti-cancer potential. Allicin, diallyl thiosulfinate, the main biologically active compound derived from garlic, is also of interest in cancer treatment research. This object of this report was to document synergistic effects of artesunate combined with allicin on osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Methods: After treatment with artesunate and allicin at various concentrations, the viability of osteosarcoma cells was analyzed by MTT method, with assessment of invasion and motility, colony formation and apoptosis. Western Blotting was performed to determine the expression of caspase-3/9, and activity was also detected after drug treatment. Moreover, in a nude mouse model established with orthotopic xenograft tumors, tumor weight and volume were monitored after drug administration via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. Results: The viability of osteosarcoma cells in the combination group was significantly decreased in a concentration and time dependent manner; moreover, invasion, motility and colony formation ability were significantly suppressed and the apoptotic rate was significantly increased through caspase-3/9 expression and activity enhancement in the combination group. Furthermore, suppression of tumor growth was evident in vivo. Conclusion: Our results indicated that artesunate and allicin in combination exert synergistic effects on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and apoptosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.595-598
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• 2014

Background: NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibits apoptosis through induction of antiapoptotic proteins and suppression of proapoptotic genes. Various chemotherapy agents induce NF-${\kappa}B$ translocation and target gene activation. We conducted the present study to assess the predictive value of NF-${\kappa}B$ regarding pathologic responses after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 131 patients with locally advanced invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect NF-${\kappa}B$ expression. Evaluation of pathologic response was elaborated with the Ribero classification. Results: Expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ was significantly associated with poor pathological response (p=0.02). From the multivariate analysis, it was found that the positive expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ yielded RR=1.74 (95%CI 0.77 to 3.94). Conclusions: NF-${\kappa}B$ can be used as a predictor of poor pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2006

Background: The Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is an important regulator for the body's stress response. As a primary stress responsive system, HPA-axis secretes various neurotransmitters, hormones, and cytokines, which regulates the immune system. Natural killer (NK) cell which is plays an important role in the innate immune response, is specially decreased their numbers and loose cytolytic activity in response to stress. However, the effect of HPA-axis secreted proteins on NK cell activity has not been defined. Herein, we studied the effect of adrenal secreted adiponectin on NK cell cytotoxicity. Adiponectin which is well-known metabolic control protein, plays important roles in various diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. Methods: Signal sequence trap was used to find stress novel secretory protein from HP A-axis. Selected adiponectin was treated mouse mature primary NK cells and then examined the effect of adiponectin to NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine expression level. Results: We found that adiponectin which is secreted from adrenal gland, suppress IL-2 induced NK cell cytotoxicity. And also investigated cytolytic cytokines are suppressed by adiponectin. Conclusion: These data suggest that adiponectin inhibites NK cell cytotoxicity via suppression of cytotoxicity related target gene.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.99-103
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• 1994

Single neuronal activities were recorded in the cuneate nucleus of awake rats during rest and running behavior. Movement-induced changes in somatic sensory transmission were tested by generating post-stimulus time histograms of these neurons' responses to stimulation through eleetrodes chronically implanted under the skin of the forepaw, during control resting behavior and during two standardized speeds of locomotor movement: slow (1.0 steps/s), fast (2.0 steps/s). The magnitudes of firing during these responses were measured and normalized as percentage increases over background firing. The averaged evoked unit responses were facilitated by $+59.3{\pm}12.5%\;and\;+25.6{\pm}5.4%$ (SEM) as compared with resting behavior, during slow and fast movement respectively. This is to be compared with the movement-induced sensory suppressions observed previously in the ventrobasal thalamus $(-31.0%{\pm}1.9%)$ and in the primary somatosensory cortex $(-71.2%{\pm}3.8%)$ of slowly running rats. These results suggest that afferent somatosensory information may be uniquely modulated at each sensory relay, such that it may be facilitated at brainstem level and then subjected to suppression at higher somatosensory nuclei during movement.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.912-918
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• 1994

Poor speech intelligibility in an air traffic control room is frequently a result of many, quite different causes and occasionally leads to complaints of the controller personnel. The paper describes a sequence of successful tasks performed in a local control room. The initial measurements included an investigation of the background noise (caused by fans, air condition, computer and radar equipment) and performance checks of the electronic audio and communication equipment with respect to the audio transmission behavior. The spectral composition of the noise as well as the characteristics of the audio communication path between the controllers and the pilots(which showed a loss of spectral information in the audio band due to built-in notch filters for the suppression of control tones) required adaptations of the amplitude behavior of the amplifiers through user adjustable tone controls. The radar console fans, which contributed significantly to the overall noise floor of the room, underwent a substantial reconstruction by replacing the tight mounting with an elastic double suspension, reducing the noise level by 50%. Finally, a possible source of untimely fatigue of the controllers during their working hours has been found in strong spectral components of the noise above the audio band, radiated by numerous video monitors in the control through vibrating components excited by the line frequency of the video signal.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.113-123
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• 2007

Through so that accident of semiconductor industry deduces unsafe factor of the person center on unsafe behaviour that incident history and questionnaire and I made starting point that extract very important factor. It served as a momentum that make up base that analyzes factors that happen based on factor that extract factor cause classification for the first factor, the second factor and the third factor and presents model of human error. Factor for whole defines factor component for human factor and to cause analysis 1 stage in human factor and step that wish to do access of problem and it do analysis cause of data of 1 step. Also, see significant difference that analyzes interrelation between leading persons about human mistake in semiconductor industry and connect interrelation of mistake by this. Continuously, dictionary road map to human error theoretical background to basis traditional accidental cause model and modern accident cause model and leading persons. I wish to present model and new model in semiconductor industry by backbone that leading persons of existing scholars who present model of existent human error deduce relation. Finally, I wish to deduce backbone of model of pre-suppression about accident leading person of the person center.