• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.491-497
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of alginate oligosaccharide on lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks. Male apoE mice were assigned to four groups: normal diet group (N), high-cholesterol diet group (HC), HC with 5% alginate oligosaccharide group (HC-AOL), and 10% alginate oligosaccharide group (HC-AOH). Epididymal adipose tissue and kidney adipose tissue weights were significantly reduced in the HC-AOH group by 131.4% and 148.4%, respectively, as compared to the HC group. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and LDL-cholesterol levels were also significantly reduced in the HC-AOH group by 57.5%, 51.4%, and 82.9%, respectively, as compared to the HC group. Hepatic TC and TG levels in the HC-AOH group were significantly reduced by 72.3% and 33.5%, respectively, as compared to the HC group. These results indicate that alginate oligosaccharide might improve lipid metabolism and reduce fat accumulation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.295-300
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• 2004

The identification of the leptin gene in 1994 and it's adipocytes specific protein leptin hal provided the first physiological links to the regulatory system controlling body weight and fat deposits. The meat tastes is mainly determined by quantifY and quality of triglyceride stored in adipose tissue. This study was conducted to analyze genetic cbaracteristics of Hanwoo leptin gene and also to investigate the association of DNA marlcer with some economic meat traits for Hanwoo. The leptin hormone gene polymorphisms were identified by digestion with Kpn2 I and Msp I. Slaughter weight(SWI), slaughter peroentage(SP), longissimus muscle area(LMA), beef marbling score(MS) and back fat thickness(BF) were compared among three genotypes by P(R..RFlJ> and showed significant differences among genotypes. PCR-RFLP(Kpn2 I) were detected significant for SP, MS and BF. The allele was essociated with fatter carcasses and C allele with leaner carcasses.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1544-1550
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• 2008

The retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives) play a critical role in vision, growth, reproduction, cell differentiation and embryonic development. Using the IMpRH panel, porcine cellular retinol binding protein genes 5 and 7 (RBP5 and RBP7) were assigned to porcine chromosomes 5 and 6, respectively. The complete coding sequences (CDS) of the RBP5 and RBP7 genes were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and the deduced amino acid sequences of both genes were compared to human corresponding proteins. The mRNA distributions of the two genes in adult Wuzhishan pig tissues (lung, skeletal muscle, spleen, heart, stomach, large intestine, lymph node, small intestine, liver, brain, kidney and fat) were examined. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in two genes. Three of these SNPs were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction-fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in Laiwu, Wuzhishan, Guizhou, Bama, Tongcheng, Yorkshire and Landrace pig breeds. Association analysis of genotypes of these SNP loci with economic traits was done in our experimental populations. Significant associations of different genotypes of $RBP5-A/G^{63}$, $RBP5-A/G^{517}$ and $RPB5-T/C^{intron1-90}$ loci with traits including maximum carcass length (LM), minimum carcass length (LN), marbling score (MS), back fat thickness at shoulder (SBF), meat color score (MCS) and hematocrit (HCT) were detected. These SNPs may be useful as genetic markers in genetic improvement for porcine production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.953-960
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• 2015

This study evaluated the effects of Rubus coreanus Miq. oil on the plasma lipid profile of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10). After completion of the 5-week experimental period, we measured bodyweight gain, food intake, adipose tissue mass, and plasma lipid profile. We also analyzed the activities of carnitine and superoxide dismutase (SOD) involved in ${\beta}$-oxidation and antioxidation, respectively. Our results show that HFD-induced weight gain in animals in the R. coreanus Miq. oil diet group (RCO) and corn oil diet group (CO) was significantly lower compared to animals in the HFD group; RCO supplementation had a more noticeable effect than CO. Visceral and back fat weights were lower in the RCO and CO groups while plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL-C per total cholesterol [HDL-C/TC (%)] ratio were significantly higher in the RCO group. The contents of acid-soluble acylcarnitine and total carnitine as well as SOD activation were significantly higher in the RCO group, but no significant difference was observed between the RCO and CO groups. In conclusion, RCO effectively averted elevation of total body weight and fat weight in HFD-induced obese mice and promoted increased HDL-C. Therefore, R. coreanus Miq. oil might play an anti-obesity role in obese people and could be used as an effective oil supplement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.681-685
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• 2009

L-carnitine promotes mitochondrial ${\beta}$-oxidation of long chain fatty acids and their subsequent transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Although the role of L-carnitine in fatty acid metabolism has been extensively studied, its role in live performance and carcass responses of commercial broilers is less understood. The objective of this research was to determine if Lcarnitine fed at various levels in diets differing in CP and amino acids impacted on live performance and carcass characteristics of commercial broilers. Two floor pen experiments were conducted to assess the effect of dietary L-carnitine in grower diets. In Exp. 1, Ross${\times}$Hubbard Ultra Yield broilers were placed in 48 floor pens (12 birds/pen) and fed common diets to d 14. A two (0 or 50 ppm Lcarnitine) by three (173, 187, and 202 g/kg CP) factorial arrangement of treatments was employed from 15 to 35 d of age (8 replications/treatment). An interaction (p<0.05) in carcass yield indicated that increasing CP (187 g/kg) resulted in improved yield in the presence of L-carnitine. Increasing CP from 173 to 202 g/kg increased (p<0.05) BW gain and decreased (p<0.05) feed conversion and percentage abdominal fat. Feeding dietary L-carnitine increased back-half carcass yield which was attributable to an increase (p<0.05) in thigh, but not drumstick, yield relative to carcass. In Exp. 2, $Ross{\times}Ross$ 708 broilers were fed common diets until 29 d. From 30 to 42 d of age, birds were fed one of seven diets: i) 200 g/kg CP, 0 ppm L-carnitine; ii) 200 g/kg CP, 40 ppm L-carnitine; iii) 180 g/kg CP, 0 ppm L-carnitine; iv) 180 g/kg CP, 10 ppm L-carnitine; v) 180 g/kg CP, 20 ppm L-carnitine; vi) 180 g/kg CP, 30 ppm L-carnitine; and vii) 180 g/kg CP, 40 ppm L-carnitine (6 replications of 12 birds each). BW gain, feed conversion, mortality (30 to 42 d), and carcass traits (42 d) were measured on all birds by pen. There were no treatment differences (p<0.05). However, the addition of 40 ppm L-carnitine in the 200 g CP/kg diet increased (p = 0.06) thigh yields relative to BW in comparison to birds fed diets without L-carnitine, which was further confirmed via a contrast analysis (0 vs. 40 ppm L-carnitine in the 200 and 180 g CP/kg diets; p<0.05). These results indicated that dietary L-carnitine may heighten metabolism in dark meat of commercial broilers resulting in increased relative thigh tissue accretion without compromising breast accretion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 2010

Purpose: Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are multipotent cells that have been found to promote wound healing through the process of angiogenesis and reepithelialization. Generally, it is well known that the antigenicity of ADSCs doesn't affect stem cell therapy. In this study, we investigated the effect of allogeneic ADSCs in the wound healing process by applying allogeneic ADSCs on the wound healing splint model of mice. Methods: Adipose tissue was harvested from the epididymal fat pads of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Twenty four mice BALB/c were divided into three groups; control, isogeneic, and allogeneic groups. Two full thickness defects with 6 mm diameters were created on the back of BALB/c mice. $1{\times}10^6$ ADSCs from BALB/c mice were applied on the isogeneic group. In the allogeneic group, ADSCs from the C57BL/6 mice were applied. No cells were applied to the control group. The sizes of the wounds were evaluated in 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after the wounds were applied, and tissues were harvested in 7 and 14 days for histological analysis. Results: Wound healing rates had showed significant increase in 10, and 14 days when the isogeneic group was compared to the control group, but the allogeneic group showed significantly decrease compared to the isogeneic group (p<0.05). Histological scores in the isogeneic group were significantly high, but significantly lower in the allogeneic group when compared to the isogeneic group in 2 weeks (p<0.05). In the isogeneic group, thick inflammatory cell infiltration with abundant capillaries were observed in 1 week, and thick epithelium with many large capillaries were observed in 2 weeks. Conclusion: When isogeneic ADSCs were applied to wounds, they presented a faster wound healing rate compared to controls and the allogeneic group. Unlike general stem cell therapy, these findings suggest that cell therapy targeted at enhancing wound healing may benefit from the use of ADSCs with identical antigenicity, as opposed to allogeneic or xenogenic ADSCs.