• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.640-646
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• 2017

Regulatory B cells, also well-known as IL-10-producing B cells, play a role in the suppression of inflammatory responses. However, the epigenetic modulation of regulatory B cells is largely unknown. Recent studies showed that the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein inhibitor JQ1 controls the expression of various genes involving cell proliferation and cell cycle. However, the role of BET proteins on development of regulatory B cells is not reported. In this study, JQ1 potently suppressed IL-10 expression and secretion in murine splenic and peritoneal B cells. While bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) was associated with $NF-{\kappa}B$ on IL-10 promoter region by LPS stimulation, JQ1 interfered the interaction of BRD4 with $NF-{\kappa}B$ on IL-10 promoter. In summary, BRD4 is essential for toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated IL-10 expression, suggesting JQ1 could be a potential candidate in regulating IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.312-320
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• 2015

The 1/5 scale-down model of the Bycatch Reduction Device (BRD) from an Argentinean demersal trawl was tested in a circulating water channel. The BRD is designed to help small Hake (merluza, merluccius hubbsi) to escape from a trawl. It is settled in front of a trawl codend, and is equipped with selection grids that help small fish to escape from the gear and guiding panels that help fish to meet with the grids. Bars of the grids are wires covered by the PVC and other parts of the BRD are made of net. When the velocity was less than 0.65 m/sec (2.81 Kont when translated to real towing speed) which is slow speed compared with real towing speed, position between an upper guiding panel and an upper selection grid were good to help small fish to escape. When the velocity was more than 0.8 m/sec (3.41 Knot when translated to real towing speed) which is similar to and faster than real towing speed, it was considered that small fish may have difficulties in escaping because the gap was not enough between an upper guiding panel and an upper selection grid. The lower selection grid was sat on the bottom of the tank without an angle due to the weight that it carries. Improvements were proposed to position the panels and the grids better.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 1993

We performed bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) staining to observe the proliferation pattern of epithelial cells on the biliaJy mucosa in Clonorchis sinensis infection. Albino rats were infected with 100 metacercariae each and their livers were processed for histopathological observation after BrdU injection. Five to six sites in the liver of a rat were selected for paraffin section, and stained immunohistochemically to visualize BrdU incorporating cells. The flukes were mainly in the common bile duct and right or left hepatic bile ducts. The proportion of stained epithelial cells in the infected bile ducts where the worms were found on the section was 2.9-10.2% at 1 week after infection. 7.3-12.8% at 2 weeks, 7.3-13.4% at 5 weeks, and 8.4-14.8% at 15 weeks while in the non-infected ducts o to 2.7% cells were stained. The stained cells were mainly at the base of the mucosal layer. It is suggested that mucosal epithelial cells of the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis become hyperplastic mainly by direct and local stimulation of the worms.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.230-234
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• 1997

In vitro effect of cortisol on the proliferation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was examined. The MNC was isolated from peripheral blood by a gradient centrifugation with Picoll-Hypaque. The cell proliferation assayed using a noneradioactive 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) kit. The MNC proliferated well in response to either phrtobeRagg$]$utinin-p (PHA-P) or culture supernatant from MNC stimulated with PHA-p. However, these proliferative responses of MNC were not affected by addition of coitisol of 1 to 1,OOfl ng/ml. The addition of cortisol in MNC culture with either PHA-P or corture supernatBnt from MNC stimulated with PHA-P far 4 days wag not also influenced on the viabilities of cultured MNC. In conclusions it was able to assay the cell proliferation with BrdU instead of radioactive isotope e.g. tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR). These results suggested that cortisol does not at least influence on MNC proliferation in vitro.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.359-371
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes about the cellular activity on DNA synthesis in the periodontal ligament of dog, in which experimental tooth movement was performed. A control and 5 experimental dogs, one and half year in age, were studied. Light force (50-75g) was applied by placing open-coil spring between left mandibular premolars ; heavy force (250-300g), between right mandibular premolars. Experimental dogs were sacrificed after infusion of bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU), at 12 hours, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after force application, respectively. And the histologic and the immunohistochemical evaluation were performed on the obtained periodontal tissue around mandibular premolars, using anti-romodeoxyuridine antibody, which can indicate proliferating cells. The results were as follows: 1. The tearing of periodontal ligament and the vascular dilatation at tension side were observed in 12 hours, increasing until 3 days. After then it decreased; Such a finding was more evident in heavy force group than in light force group. 2. The hyalinization of the periodontal ligament and the activity of osteoclast at pressure side were observed in 12 hours, increasing until 3 days. But from 7 days on, it decreased; Such a finding was more evident in heavy force group than in light force group. 3. The BrdU expression in the control group was positive, mainly in the oral epithelium and the fibroblasts in the periodontal ligament, but negative in bone cells in periodontal ligament. 4. The BrdU expression in the experimental group was more positive in tension side than in pressure side; The expression was a little more positive in the periapical area than in the cervical area of tooth. 5. The BrdU expression in light force group was the highest in 1 day, after which it decreased; In heavy force group, it was the highest in 12 hours, after which it decreased. But in 14 days, there was no difference between the experimental group and control group.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2022

This study tested the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea on the legal decision of layperson and the role of representation of 'innocent' in the process. Representation of 'innocent' refers to a psychological threshold for deciding someone's innocence (no fault or sin) in a general sense. The functions as a threshold for a legal decision of 'beyond a reasonable doubt (BRD)' and the individual threshold (IT), regarded as a standard for judgment of guilt established by law and an estimate of an individual's threshold, respectively, were compared. This study used a 2×2 complete factorial design in which the verdict category (guilty/innocent vs. guilty/not guilty) and the defendant's likelihood of guilt (low vs. high) were manipulated. Data from 137 lay-people who voluntarily participated in the online experiment was analyzed. The experiment's procedure was in the order of measuring 'representation of innocent' and the likelihood of guilt of an accused, presenting one of four trial vignettes, and obtaining legal decisions (verdict confidence and estimation of the likelihood of guilt for the defendant). As a result, it was found that the verdict category did not significantly affect the legal decision of layperson. However, the guilty verdict rate of the 'guilty/innocent' condition tended to be higher than those of the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. The layperson's representation of 'innocent' and the verdict category had an interaction effect on the difference between BRD and IT (threshold change) at the significance level of .1. In the 'guilty/innocent' condition, the threshold change varying with layperson's representation of 'innocent' was larger than in the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. In comparing the function of BRD and IT, IT significantly predicted the lay person's legal decision at the significance level of .1 by interacting with the likelihood of guilt for the defendant. Therefore, it could be said that IT was a better threshold estimator than BRD. The implication of this study is that it provided experimental evidence for the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea, which is a problem often raised among lawyers, and suggested logical reasoning and empirical grounds for the psychological mechanism of the possible effect.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2005

The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of swimming training on brain function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Therefore, this study was examined on neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of hippocampus using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label proliferating cells and assessed the neurological response following focal cerebral ischemia in rats using neurological motor behavioral test. In an observer-blinded fashion, twenty male Sprague-Dawley (280~310 g, 7 weeks old) rats were divided into four groups: MCAO plus swimming group (ME, $n_1$=5), MCAO plus control group (MC, $n_2$=5), SHAM plus swimming group (SE, $n_3$=5), SHAM plus control group (SC, $n_4$=5). The results of this study were as follows: 1) The limb placing time before and after swimming in the ME group were significantly longer than the MC group (p<.05), the SE group were significantly longer than the SC group (p<.01). 2) The balance beam scores before and after swimming in the ME group was higher than the SE group, the MC group was higher than the SC group but was not significantly different (p>.001). 3) The foot fault index before and after swimming training in ME group was significantly lower (i.e., improved) than the MC group (p<.001) and the SE group (p<.001), the SE group was significantly lower (i.e., improved) than the SC group (p<.001). 4) The mean number of BrdU-positive cells in the dentate gyrus in the ME group was significantly higher than the MC group (p<.001) and the SE group (p<.01). The MC group and the SE group was significantly higher than the SC group (p<.001). 5) There was significantly correlation between limb placing time and number of BrdU-positive cells on swimming training, there was positive correlation (r=.807, p<.0001) and between foot fault index and BrdU-positive cells number, there was negative correlation (r=-.503, p<.05). However, between balance beam scores and BrdU-positive cells number, there was no correlation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that the role of swimming training improves behavioral motor function probably by enhancing cell proliferation in that hippocampus. This study provides a model for investigating the stroke rehabilitation that underlies neurogenesis and functional ability.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.18 no.12 s.200
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• pp.74-77
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• 1998

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.18 no.11 s.199
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• pp.80-82
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• 1998

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.18 no.10 s.198
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• pp.100-105
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• 1998