• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.365-374
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to compare the validity of obese index among body mass index(BMI), waist to hip ratio(WHR), and waist circumference(WC) and to determine which is the best in relation to cardiovascular risk factors of middle aged Korean(40-64yr).Data from the 1998 Korean Health and Nutrition Survey were used(N=3380). Anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors were measured. Chi-square test, analysis of variance following duncan's multiple range test, partial correlation analysis, and Receiver Operator characteristic(ROC) curves were used in the analysis. There was a significant increasing trend in WHR, systolic blood pressure(SBP), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL), and fasting blood sugar(FBS) with age categories of male and in BMI, WC, WHR, diastolic blood pressure(DBP), SBP, total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL), triglycerol(TG), and FBS with those of female. Specially female had the characteristics of upper body fat and systolic blood pressure risk(p<0.05). Proportions of subjects with lifestyle factors related to cardiovascular risk in overweight or upper body fat group were higher than that of normal group. Higher proportions of subjects were practiced exercise in upper body fat group of male than in other groups. Among 7 cardiovascular risk factors in partial correlation analysis, BMI had the highest correlation coefficient in 6 risk factors in male, whereas WC in 4 risk factors in female. Mean of each obese index according to cardiovascular risk groups except smoker was higher than that of normal(p<0.05). These trends were shown in upper body fat group and female. In ROC analysis of 12 risk factors and health conditions, the largest area under curve among obese indices for risk factors were BMI in male and WHR in female. The optimal cutoff values of each index(BMI: WHR: WC) for one or more cardiovascular risk factors were 23.13: 0.89: 85.35 in male and 23.57: 0.84: 78.35 in female. The results showed that cardiovascular risk factors were prevalent in middle aged Koreans within normal limits of obese indices like another Asians. For the identification of cardiovascular risk factors of middle aged Koreans, BMI for men and WHR for women are appropriate indices. But it is recommended that BMI, WHR, and WC, all three indices should be considered, when using these indices.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2001

The study was conducted to assess the association or physical activity, television watching and energy intake with body fat in 514 adolescents(218 boys, 296 girls) aged 14-17 years. Comparison of the weight status evaluated according to some indicators based on weight and stature was made. The quantitative food frequency was used to determine intakes of total energy and energy from each macronutrient. Television-watching time was used as an index of inactivity and time spent performing extra-curricular physical exercise or playing was used a index of activity, BMI(body mass index) was used as index of body fat. Weight status varied by the indicators used. Using BMI, Broca and Rohrer index, 54-59% of boys and 38-57% of girls were underweight decreased(23% of boys and 26% of girls) and the of overweight increased (9.3% of boys and 7.8% girls), when adolescents whose BMI are<=15th percentiles for age and sex, and >= 85th percentiles of standard growth charts of Korean Children and aldosescents(1998) were classified as underweight and overweight, respectively, Girls tended to get fatter compared to boys who showed greater skeletal development. There were no significant correlations between BMI and total energy intake, energy intakes from macronutrient and physical activity level. These lack of association seems to be related to indication that BMI reflects total body mass rather than fatness. Mpreover, the effect of growth may interact with diet intake or physical activity level. Although BMI was not related to physical activity, television-watching time was negatively correlated with physical activity. Television-watching time was positiviely correlated with energy intake in girls. In adolescents, criteria for weigh status based on weight and stature must be age- and sex-specific in that weight status varied by indicators whether gender and higher were taken into consideration or not. If follows that each hourly increment of television watching may be related to fatness of adolescents, because hours certainly reduce the opportunity to be active and increase th energy intake.(Korean J Nutrition 34(1):39-47, 2001)

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.2149-2152
• /
• 2012

Objective: This study was performed to assess prostate biomarkers with reference to body mass index and duration of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January, 2009 and $28^{th}$ February, 2012. Biomarkers studied were prostate specific antigen (PSA), acid phosphatase (ACP) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (${\gamma}GT$). Demographic data including age, duration of disease, body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were also collected. Duration of disease was categorized into three groups: <1 year, 1-2years and >2 years. Similarly, BMI ($kg/m^2$) was categorized into three groups: <23 $kg/m^2$, 23-25 $kg/m^2$ and >25 $kg/m^2$. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: Out of 57 prostate cancers, serum level of PSA, ACP and PAP were increased above the cut-off point in 50 (87.5%), 30 (52.63%) and 40 (70.18%) respectively. Serum levels of PSA, ACP and PAP significantly declined with the duration of disease after diagnosis. We observed significant and inverse relation between PSA and BMI. Similar non-signficiant tendencies were apparent for ACP and PAP. Conclusions: Decreasing levels of prostate biomarkers were found with the duration of prostate cancer and with increased BMI. Out of prostate biomarkers, PSA was found to be significantly decreased with the duration of disease and BMI.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.596-604
• /
• 1999

This study aims at examining the correlations between waist-hip ratio, body fat, BMI, relative body weight and serum lipids by men and women in 40's and 50's. The subjects were 412 adults, who had regular health examinations between January and December of 1996 at S-Hospital in Seoul. The data were analyzed using unpaired t -test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were as follows : 1. The group of men had higher levels in waist-hip ratio, BMI, body weight , triglyceride, total cholesterol /HDL-cholesterol ratio , LDL-cholesterol /HDL-cholesterol ratio than the group of women. The group of women had higher levels in body fat and HDL-cholesterol than the group of men. 2. In the group of men, waist-hip ratio was more significantly correlated to serum lipids than body fat and BMI. In the group of women, body fat, BMI and relative body weight was more significantly correlated to serum lipids than waist-hip ratio.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.375-383
• /
• 2010

본 논문은 음성진단이나 음성치료를 위한 연구로서 음성과 신체의 상관관계를 분석한 것이다. 음성신호와 함께 신체의 머리와 가슴 그리고 복부에서 음성에 의한 진동파형을 측정하였으며, 이 때 사용한 음성은 모음 '아', '에', '이', '오', '우' 이다. 그 결과 모음에 따라 신체의 특징을 잘 나타내는 성분을 확인할 수 있었으며, 신체질량지수(BMI)와의 상관계수를 측정하여 음성에 의한 신체조건 진단의 활용방안을 제시하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.114-120
• /
• 2001

Objectives : Man adapts himself to nature, so accordingly as he grows up, changes of body composition appear. This study measured the changes of body compositions on the ground of Sasang constitution and seasons Methods : 253 middle school students who live in Busan were studied from the 20th of March, 1999 to the 20th of March, 2001. We measured height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, six times during that period. Results : According as they grew up, total body water, muscle area, body weight, BMI (Body Mass Index), BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate), ACM (Arm Muscle Circumference), and BCM (Body Cell Mass) increased, but fat body weight ratio decreased. From March to June, total body water, muscle area, height, ACM, and BCM increased. From September to December fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio increased as compared with other seasons. Height of Soyangin and BMI of both Soyangin and Taeumin increased more than those of other groups, with statistical significance Conclusions : The growth of man is adapting oneself to changes of nature, and it corresponds to the theory of (correspondence between man and universe).

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of horseback riding exercise for BMI(body mass index) and waist circumference in the obese women. Method : 20 subjects in Y-equestrian were randomly divided two group, horseback machine exercise(HME) group and horseback-riding exercise(HRE) group. Each group carried out 30 minutes exercise two times a week for 8 weeks. BMI were measured for body composition, and evaluation of waist circumference. Result : The results were as follows, the BMI(body mass index) between horseback machine exercise and horseback-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). The waist circumference between horseback machine exercise and horseback-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). Conclusion : These finding revealed that horseback-riding exercise was effective on BMI and waist circumrerence of obese women so that these exercise can be new altematives exercise for obesity management in the obese women.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.354-364
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to determine whether dietary factors could be related with serum adiponectin concentrations in 243, year-three female university students living in Seoul. The mean of body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin levels of all subjects were $20.17kg/m^2$ and $11.07{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. When the subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI (underweight: < 18.5, normal: $18.5{\leq}&lt;23$, overweight and obesity: ${\geq}23$), serum adiponectin levels in underweight group was significantly higher than that in 'normal' or 'overweight and 'obesity' groups. Also when the subjects were divided into two groups by mean adequacy ratio (MAR), serum adiponectin concentration of the high MAR group (MAR > 75) was slightly higher than that the low MAR group ($MAR{\leq}75$). Serum adiponectin levels showed a negative correlation with body weight (p < 0.01) or BMI (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with intakes of of animal or total protein (please clarify) or vegetable protein.Among the dietary behaviors, serum adiponectin levels of females who answered 'yes' to the question about 'eating breakfast' was significantly higher than that of those who answered 'sometimes' or 'No' (p < 0.05) and serum adiponectin levels were higher among those who reported higher fruit intakes. Overall, our results suggested that healthy lifestyle including acceptable BMI, eating breakfast and higher fruit consumption might play an important role in the prevention of obesity and enhancement of blood adiponectin levels.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the body composition, dietary habits, daily intake of nutrients and clinical blood indices in female college students by body mass index of normal weight, overweight and obese. The subjects of this research were 141 respondents of a survey carried out on students, and subjects were given 60 minutes to answer questionnaires, by recording their own answers. The average heights and weights of subjects by BMI were 162.17 cm, 52.73 kg in normal weight group, 162.35 cm, 62.22 kg in overweight group and 161.72 cm, 69.82 kg in obesity group, respectively. As for the survey daily of meals, starving breakfast and kind of snacks of subjects were significantly different among the groups by BMI. In animal protein food intakes, meat intake was the highest 'every day' food consumed by subjects, and there was a significant difference in distribution of BMI among subjects. Fruits, and greenish and yellow vegetables intakes were the highest 'every day' foods indicated by the normal weight group. Consumption of carbonated beverages and juices showed a significant difference among groups by BMI. The average of total-cholesterol was the overweight group was the higher value. There was a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure among the groups by BMI. Average daily calories intake levels were insufficient and the intake ratio of carbohydrates, protein, and fat was the normal weight group 68 : 17 : 15, the overweight group 64 : 18 : 18 and the obese group 73 : 14 : 13. Results of the daily vitamin intake analyses displayed riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, and folic acid levels lower than the RI levels. Fe intake was the normal weight group 81%, overweight group 76%, obese group 59% of the RI level. Therefore, it is necessary for college students to establish regular meals, good quality snacks and consuming more vitamin and mineral nutritions for optimal health conditions.

• 국제물리치료학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2010

Supposing that somatotype evaluation results would have significant differences between the public group with less amounts of exercises and the special group with intensive exercises for three to four times a day, this study aimed at comparing the mutual consistency between the results determined by somatotype evaluation tools such as visually calculated index(VCI), R$\ddot{o}$hrer's Index(RI) and Body Mass Index(BMI). The public, taekwondo players and judo players groups were composed of fifty persons, taekwondo players and judo players passed through VCI determination, respectively. Their height and weight were examined and analyzed with somatotype evaluation tools. Comparison of somatotype dispersion of RI and VCI showed that most women were determined by VCI as lean type but were determined by RI as normal type. And that women were determined by VCI as fat type but were determined by RI as normal type. Therefore both men and women showed significant differences in VCI and RI. Comparison of somatotype dispersion of VCI and BMI showed that both men and women were overestimated or underestimated by VCI rather than by BMI. Comparison of somatotype dispersion of RI and BMI showed that men were less determined by BMI as lean type compared with women; both men and women less determined by BMI rather than by RI as normal type; and both men and women, in particular, were more determined by BMI as fat type but men were more determined by BMI rather than by RI as fat type. Total somatotype consistency by tools showed that VCI has the greatest possibility of determining the public group, compared with other groups as lean type and that the consistency of the three tools were relatively higher for the taekwondo players and judo players groups, compared with the public.