• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2018

Recently, the industry actively adopts the cutting-edge technologies of the fourth industrial revolution and uses them to enhance the productivity and service of mass-customization. The manufacturing industry is creating new processes and business models by achieving digital transformations through a lean start-up approach aimed at achieving the highest customer satisfaction with minimal resources. Although attempts are made to manufacture the building by introducing the latest technology in architecture, it is applied sporadically, not as an integrated system, in the entire phase of the architectural project. This paper analyzes the changes in the construction industry through the application of core technologies of the fourth industrial revolution. Design processes are analyzed for the digital transformation of the construction industry by case study of advanced architectural design practice. A novel design concept model 'Architectural lean startup' is proposed by combining the architectural process and the lean start up method. Through the design of the bus stop based on the architectural lean startup concept, it is confirmed that the designer repeats the 'Generate-Test-Analysis' to develop the design and generate the final result.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.344-348
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• 2015

The image data of the web camera is used to identify the construction status of the site in a remote office and it can be used for safety management. This study develops a construction schedule simulation system based on the active nD object linked with real image data of web camera from the construction site. The progress control method by 4D object uses a method that the progress of each activity is represented with different colors by progress status. Since this method is still based on a virtual reality object, it is less realistic description for practical engineers. Therefore, in order to take advantage of BIM more realistic, the real image of actual construction status and 4D object of planned schedule in a data date should be compared in a screen simultaneously. Those methodologies and developed system are verified in a case project where a web camera is installed for the verification of the system.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2021

An IFC file is dependent on the IFC schema. Because of this relationship, most IFC-using software reads and interprets the IFC File by employing an early binding method, which uses a standard IFC schema. In the case of most open sources, early binding methods using standard IFC schema have a problem that they cannot express extra information of IFC File out of extended IFC schema. Also, in the case of previous studies, they suggested schema extension, such as adding attribute information to the schema, rather than the interpretation of IFC File. This study research on method of extracting shape and attribute information was conducted by analyzing the IFC File produced through the Port schema, which is an extended IFC schema. Three objects were created using the reference relationship between the Port schema definition and the IFC entity, and, at the end, the three objects were combined into one object. It has been confirmed that the shape and property data were express properly while delivering the combined object to the viewer. The process is possible because of the method of matching IFC schema and IFC File, which is dependent on IFC schema but not early binding method. However, this method has some drawbacks, such that contemporaneously generated many objects consume many memory spaces. Future research to investigate that issue further is needed.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.634-639
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• 2013

The aim of the study is to develop the 3D visualization of Building Information Model and integrated 4D model for optimization of resources in the construction project. This study discuss the process of methodology and creation of 4D model of the project and simulate it to monitor the workflow at the site. Different stages of the construction process and activities are generated by using Revit and MS Project. MS project has been used for creation of the schedules and these are linked with the Revit for 3D modeling. The time used as the fourth dimension and 4D model created by using Navisworks Time liner software. Narges shopping center is presented as a case study to realize the actual uses and benefits of Building Information Model (BIM). Narges shopping mall is located in Tehran, Iran. As a part of Hekmat master plan, Narges shopping center is an 11 stores building with a total area of 30000 Sq.m. This shopping and entertainment center is comprised of 150 retails and two multi-use public halls with a capacity of 400 persons each and underground parking with total 400 parking space. The main purpose of architecture was to create an urban public center along with its revolving, spiral like form and an ever changing continuous façade by means of different colors, materials, which is in harmony with the other building of the master plan. The approximate cost of the project is $17 million and duration of the project schedule is 30 months. The developed Building Information Model enabled us to identify the potential collisions or clashes between various structural and architectural systems. 4D model has been used for limiting the interaction between subcontractors installing the different systems so rework could be avoided and productivity maximized. It is also observed that the utility of BIM for construction stimulation and clash detection is the best suitable method. Clash detection before the implementation of work is highly recommended to avoid rework.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2007

This paper concerns about residential environment analysis program implementation for design and analysis on public housing complexes such that view and daylight analysis processes are automated and integrated into existing design routine to achieve better design efficiency. Considering the architectural design trends this paper chooses ArchiCAD as a platform for a CAD system, which contains the concepts such as integrated object-oriented CAD, virtual building and BIM. Residential environment analysis system consists of three components. The first component is the 3D modeling part defining 3D form information for external geographic contour models, site models and interior/exterior of apartment buildings. The second is the parametric library part handling the design parameters for view and daylight analysis. The last is the user interface for the input/output and integration of data for the environment analysis. Daylight analysis shows rendered images as well as results of daylight reports and grades per time and performs the calculations for floor shadow. It separates the site-only analysis from the analysis of site and exterior environmental parameters. View analysis considers horizontal and vertical view angles to produce view image from each unit and uses the bitmap analysis method to determine opening ratio, scenery ratio and void ratio. We could expect better performance and precision from this residential environment analysis system than the existing 2D drawing based view and daylight analysis methods and overcome the existing one-way flow of design information from 3D form to analysis reports so that site design modifications are automatically reflected on analysis results. Each part is developed in a module so that further integration and extension into other related estimation and construction management systems are made possible.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.44-47
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• 2013

PET/CT 검사에서 정량적 지표로 이용되는 SUV를 측정하는 방법 중 $SUV_{bw}$와 $SUV_{bsa}$를 환자의 BMI에 따라 비교하여 상관관계를 분석하였다. 실험을 위해 사용된 PET/CT scanner는 본원에서 사용하고 있는 Biograph mCT 40 (Siemens, Germany)이다. ROI는 bone, liver, lung에 각각 $4.5cm^2$ 면적으로 그렸으며 Syngo.via VA11A를 사용하여 $SUV_{max}$와 $SUV_{mean}$을 구하였다. 70명의 환자를 대상으로 시행한 PET/CT 영상으로 $SUV_{bw}$와 $SUV_{bsa}$를 비교 분석한 결과 환자의 BMI가 커질수록 $SUV_{bw}$와 $SUV_{bsa}$의 차이가 증가함을 보이며 $SUV_{mean}$보다 $SUV_{max}$에서의 차이가 더 많이 나타났다. Liver에서의 차이는 bone과 lung에 비해 상대적으로 높았고, bone과 lung에서는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 따라서 SUV를 산출하는 방법에 따라 오차가 발생할 가능성이 있으므로, 체중의존성을 줄이기 위해 임상에서는 실정에 맞게 적용하여 시행해야 할 것 으로 사료된다.