• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.68-78
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• 1997

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox) 저해형 제초제로 알려진 oxyfluorfen(OF), acifluorfen(AF), bifenox(BF) 및 oxadiazon(OD)에 대한 밀과 보리의 감수성 차이를 생리적 요인, $^{14}$ C-oxyfluorfen의 흡수 및 해부학적 변화를 온실 및in votro 상태에서 알아 보고자 하였다. 1. OF에 대한 밀과 보리의 품종간 I$_{50}$ 검정결과, 밀품종들의 I$_{50}$ 은 $10^{-4}$ M의 진후를 보였고, 보리 품종들은 $10^{-6}$ 진후로 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 2. OF에 내성인 밀은 AF, BF 및 OD경엽처리에서 감수성인 보리보다 생체중 및 엽록소 함량 감소가 적었다. 그러나 이들 제초제들은 OF보다 밀과 보리간에 특이적인 반응차이는 보이지 않았다. 또한, 토양처리에서도 경엽처리와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 3. OF, AF, BF 및 OD의 100$\mu$M 처리에 따른 밀과 보리의 엽절편으로부터 시간별 전해질의 누출은 밀보다 보리에서 뚜렷하게 이루어졌다. 그러나 OF처리에서는 밀이 보리보다 광노출 10시간까지 차이를 보였으나 그 밖의 약제들은 광노출 후 20시간에서만 차이를 보였다. 4. 지질과산화 작용의 지표인 MDA의 생성량은 이들 약제를 $10^{-5}$M농도로 처리시 밀보다 보리에서 많았다. 따라서 밀과 보리는 온실 및 in vitro 수준에서 Protox저해형 제초제에 대한 뚜렷한 감수성 차이를 보였다. 5. OF에 대하여 내성인 밀은 감수성 보리보다 $^{14}$ C-OF의 흡수량이 적었고, 이러한 경향은 처리시간이 경과될수록 뚜렷하였다. 6. 밀은 OF 및 OD처리에 따른 잎표면의 구조적인 피해를 볼 수 없었으나, 보리는 납질의 손상이 컸다. 그러나 AF 및 BF처리에서는 밀과 보리간의 차이가 적었다. 또한, 4약제 처리에는 따른 밀은 해부학적 변화가 적었으나, 보리는 표피세포 및 엽육세포의 파괴로 엽신의 두께가 감소되는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1979

748개의 벼 품종을 파종하여 토양수분이 포화된 상태로 30일간 재배한 후 40일간 단수하여 한발을 조장한 다음 각 품종들의 한발에 대한 반응을 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 한발처리기간 중 초장의 신장정도는 일본품종들이 가장 컸고 IRRI 도입품종, 한국재래품종 및 Indica / Japonica 품종 순이었다. 2. 한발처리후의 위조정도는 IRRI도입 품종들이 가장 경미하였고 일본도입품종, Indica / Japonica 품종 및 한국재래품종 순이었다. 3. 유묘기 내한성품종으로 원길조, 한양도, YR 52-$_{x}\textrm{BF}_7-67, Satominori, Mamoriaka, 적야난11004, 죽 홍난, IR 937-55-3, IR2735-F_3B-6-2, IR 2871-53-2, $_{x}\textrm{BFI76}^9/Dwan, Khoo Dook Mali-4-2-105, Os6, Palawan, IRAT10, TOS 2583 및 H-l05 등이 발달되었다. 4. 한발처리후의 조장, 조장신장량 및 초장신장율과 위조정도와는 높은 부의 상관이 인정되었다. 5. 한발처리후의 지상부 생체중, 건물중 및 수분함량과 위조정보와는 높은 부의 상관이 인정되었고 특히 수분함량과 위조정도와의 상관이 높았다.(r=0.860, n=21). 6. 한발처리후의 도열병발병과 위조정도와는 높은 정의 상관이 인정되었다. 7. 발아속도 및 처리전초장 (30일묘)과 내한성과는 상관이 없었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.832-839
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• 2007

In this study, a new bicycle system was developed to improve muscular strength using the Magneto-Rheological(MR) rotary brake. The friction load of the MR rotary brake is adjusted according to muscle strength of the subjects. The characteristic of muscular strength was studied with various friction loads of MR rotary brake. The friction load was occurred with the current, applied to the MR. rotary brake. Experiments was composed of several cycling trials for various friction loads. In training programs involving muscle improvement, it is necessary to confirm muscle activity and fatigue. To measure the muscle activity and fatigue, EMG signals of rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tensor fasciae latae (TFL), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VAS), gastrocnemius (GAS), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles were collected with surface electromyography and analyzed into time and frequency domain. The experimental results showed that the muscle activity according to the applied current to the MR rotary brake was significantly different. The more the current was applied, the higher value of the integrated EMG (IEMG) was obtained. Especially, the magnitude of IEMG of the RF, BF, TFL and VL varied in direct proportion to the current. However, there was not significant in the median frequency as the cycling time continue.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.603-607
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• 2004

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis was carried out with a battery of 11 random decamer primers to study band frequency (BF), genetic identity index (I) and mean average percentage difference (MAPD) between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo. The primers OPA04 and BG15 resolved a band of 460 bp, which was present only in animals of Bhadawari breed. Whereas, the primers OPA14, BG27 and BG28 produced Murrah specific fragments of sizes 730 bp and 1,230 bp, respectively. The estimate of genetic identity index was highest (0.845) with the primer OPA01 and the lowest (0.479) with the primer BG27. The genetic identity index pooled over the primers was 0.596${\pm}$0.037 between these two breeds. The highest MAPD estimate (53.9) between the two breeds was obtained with the primer BG27 and the lowest (14.3) with the primer OPA01. It might be concluded that the genetic identity index between these two breeds calculated on the basis of BF showed moderate level of genetic identity with the primers employed. MAPD calculated on the basis of uncommon bands also demonstrated lower to medium level of genetic difference between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.819-824
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• 2001

The principal DNA modification systems of the amino-acid-producing bacteria Corynebacterium glutamicum AS019, Brevibacterium flavum BF4, and B. lactofermentum BL1 was investigated using two approaches; digestion of plasmid DNA isolated from these species TseI and Fnu4HI, and sequence analysis of the putative methyltransferase target sites following the derivatization of DNA using metabisulfite treatment. The C. glutamicum and B. flavum strains showed similar digestion patterns to the two enzymes, indicating that the target for cytidine methyltransferase recognizes 5'-GCSGC-3'(where S is either G or C). Mapping the methylated cytidine sites by bisulfite derivatization, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing, was only possible when the protocol included an additional step eliminating any underivatized DNA after PCR amplification, thereby indicating that the derivatization was not $100\%$ efficient. This may have been due to the high G0C content of this genus. It was confirmed that C. glutamicum AS019 and B. flavum BF4 methylated the cytidine in the $Gm^5CCGC$ sequences, yet there were no similar patterns of methylation in B. lactofermentum, which was consistent with the distinctive degradation pattern seen for the above enzymes. These findings demonstrate the successful application of a modified bisulfite derivatization method with the Corynebacterium species for determining methylation patterns, and showed that different species in the geneus contain distinctive restriction and modification systems.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2007

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) plays an important role in the regulation of the body fat content. Therefore, it has been suggested as candidate gene for traits related to meat quality in beef cattle. This study was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CPE gene and to investigate association of SNP marker with carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. Three SNPs were identified in the intron 4 (A309G SNP and C445T SNP) and exon 5 (C601T SNP) of the CPE gene by sequence analyses of CPE cDNA and genomic DNA samples. The sequences have been deposited in GenBank database with accession numbers AY970664 and AY970663. Genotyping of the gene-specific SNP marker was carried out using the PCR-RFLP with restriction enzymes DdeI for C445T SNP and NlaIII for C601T SNP. The frequencies of C and T alleles were 0.43 and 0.57 for C445T SNP and 0.42 and 0.58 for C601T SNP, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that the C445T SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on marbling score (MS) and breeding value of backfat thickness (BF-EBV), respectively. Animals with the CT genotype showed higher marbling score and backfat thickness than those with the TT genotype. This marker also showed a significant dominance effect for the MS and BF-EBV (p<0.05). However, no significant associations were observed between C601T SNP genotypes and all traits examined. The results suggest that the CPE gene may be used as a marker for carcass traits in Korean cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1388-1398
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• 2013

The present study investigated the contribution of carcass traits on carcass prices of Holstein steers in Korea. Phenotypic data consisted of 76,814 slaughtered Holsteins (1 to 6 yrs) from all over Korea. The means for live body weight at slaughter (BWT), chilled carcass weight (CWT), dressing percentage (DP), quantity grade index (QGI), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS), carcass unit price (CUP), and carcass sell prices (CSP) were 729.0 kg, 414.2 kg, 56.79%, 64.42, $75.26cm^2$, 5.77 mm, 1.98, 8,952.80 Korean won/kg and 3,722.80 Thousand Korean won/head. Least squares means were significantly different by various age groups, season of slaughter, marbling scores and yield grades. Pearson's correlation coefficients of CUP with carcass traits ranged from 0.12 to 0.62. Besides, the relationships of carcass traits with CSP were relatively stronger than those with CUP. The multiple regression models for CUP and CSP with carcass traits accounted 39 to 63% of the total variation, respectively. Marbling score had maximum economic effects (partial coefficients) on both prices. In addition, the highest standardized partial coefficients (relative economic weights) for CUP and CSP were calculated to be on MS and CWT by 0.608 and 0.520, respectively. Path analyses showed that MS (0.376) and CWT (0.336) had maximum total effects on CUP and CSP, respectively; whereas BF contributed negatively. Further sub-group (age and season of slaughter) analyses also confirmed the overall outcomes. However, the relative economic weights and total path contributions also varied among the animal sub-groups. This study suggested the significant influences of carcass traits on carcass prices; especially MS and CWT were found to govern the carcass prices of Holstein steers in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.525-530
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was i) to identify the characteristics of carcass traits in Chikso by gender, region, age at slaughter, and coat color using the carcass data collected from the nationwide pedigree information and coat color investigation, and ii) to estimate genetic parameters for breed improvement. Methods: A linear model was used to analyze the environmental effects on the carcass traits and to estimate genetic parameters. Analysis of variance was performed using TYPE III sum of squares for the unbalanced data provided by the general linear model procedure. Variance components for genetic parameters was estimated using REMLF90 of the BLUPF90 family programs. Results: Phenotypic performance of carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), and backfat thickness (BF) in Chikso were lower than those of Hanwoo. This is a natural outcome because Hanwoo have undergone significant efforts for improvement at the national level, a phenomenon not observed in Chikso. Another factor influencing the above outcome was the smaller population size of Chikso compared to that of Hanwoo's. The heritabilities of CW, EMA, BF, and marbling score in Chikso were estimated as 0.50, 0.37, 0.35, and 0.53, respectively, which were was higher than those of Hanwoo. Conclusion: Based on the genetic parameters that were estimated in this study, it is expected that the carcass traits will improve when the livestock research institutes at each province conduct small-scale performance tests and the semen is provided to farmers after selecting proven bulls using the state-of-art selection technique such as genomic selection.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1992년도 제2회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.17-18
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• 1992

SIMS는 뛰어난 원소검찰감도의 깊이분해능을 가지고 있어서 깊이에 따른 미량불순물 분석에 필수적인 장비이지만, 시료와 불순물의 변화에 따라 이온화율과 깎이는 속도가 달라서 일어나는 matrix effect 때문에 표준시료없이 정량분석을 할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 이런 SIMS의 단점을 보완하기 위한 방법으로 개발된 여러 가지 SNMS기술중 SIMS에 아무런 기계장치를 덧붙이지 않고도 정량화개선효과를 가져오는 CsX+ SNMS에 대한 연구를 진행하여, 지금까지 밝혀진 실리콘 산화막등에서의 주성분원소 조성비분석을 통해 SNMS기능을 확인하고 SIMS의 주 분석대상인 불순물농도분석에의 적용가능성을 실험해 보았다. 이를 위해 실리콘에 BF2 이온주입후 붕소분포분석시 강한 matrix effect를 나타내는 불소의 효과를 SNMS와 SIMS로 비교하였으며, 검출한계와 dynamic range도 조사하였다. 실험결과 CsX+ SNMS기술은 matrix effect 때문에 실제 분포와 다른 값으로 검출되는 불순물 시료 분석에 적용할 수 있음을 알았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.881-887
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cashew nut testa (CNT) as an alternative feed ingredient to wheat bran on reproductive performance, litter performance, milk composition, and blood profiles of gestating sows. Methods: Forth multiparous sows ($Yorkshire{\times}Landrace$) were fed experimental diets starting at 35 days of pregnancy and an initial average body weight (BW) of $211.53{\pm}8.86kg$. Each sow was assigned to a treatment based on BW, backfat thickness (BF) and parity with 10 sows per treatment. Treatments were as follows: i) corn-soybean meal based diet with 6% of wheat bran (C0); ii) basal diet with 2% of CNT and 4% of wheat bran (C2); iii) basal diet with 4% of CNT and 2% of wheat bran (C4); and iv) basal diet with 6% of CNT (C6). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in BW and BF of gestating sows throughout the experimental period. However, changes in BF (p = 0.09) and the daily feed intake of sows (p = 0.09) tended to linearly increase during the lactation period. The weaning to estrus interval (WEI) showed a quadratic response to CNT treatment (p = 0.02), and the C2 diet showed the shortest WEI. Litter birth weight (p = 0.04) and piglet birth weight (p = 0.06) were linearly decreased with increase in CNT. Furthermore, there had no significant differences in piglet weight and litter weight in 21 day. Insulin concentration at day 70 of gestation was linearly reduced with increasing CNT level in diets (p = 0.03). Conclusion: When 6% CNT replaced wheat bran in gestating sow diets, there were no negative effects on sow performance, but litter birth weight and piglet birth weight were decreased when CNT level increased in gestating sow diets.