• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.192-199
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• 1991

Biological exposure indices (BEI) of toluene, perchloroethylene (PCE) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) for Korean workers were studied respectively. Environmental exposures in workplace to organic solvent were measured by personal sampling. Blood toluene, blood perchloroethylene, urinary trichloroacetic acid and urinary MEK were determined by headspace gas chromatography. Urinary hippuric acid were determined by HPLC and corrected by creatinine. BEIs for Korean workers were calculated as the levels of determinants which are correspond to permissible exposure limits in Korea. Blood toluene level of 2.2mg/l and urinary hippuric acid level of 1.7g/g creatinine are correspond to an exposure of 100 ppm toluene. Blood PCE concentration of 1.6mg/l and urinary trichloroacetic acid concentration of 2.9mg/l are correspond to an exposure of 50ppm PCE. Urinary MEK concentration of 1.0mg/l is correspond to an exposure of 200ppm of MEK. BEIs for Korean workers determined in this study are very different to ACGIH's BEI as urinary determinants are much lower and blood determinants are much higher than ACGIH's BEI.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2003

We have investigated the transport characteristics of synthetic antioxidant and free radical scavenger, $\alpha$-phenyl-n-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by in vitro uptake study in conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial cell line (TR-BBB). Also, the efflux of PBN from brain to blood is estimated using the brain efflux index (BEI) method. Choline is a charged organic cation, including nitrogen-methyl group and shows the carrier-mediated distribution to the brain. [$^3$H]Choline uptake by TR-BBB cells was significantly inhibited by PBN with $IC_{50}$/ of 1.2 mM, which appears to be due to similar structures between choline and PBN. And, PBN was microinjected into Par2 of the rat brain by BEI method, and was eliminated from the brain with an apparent elimination half-life of about 2 min. Also, [$^3$H]choline efflux was significantly inhibited by PBN using BEI method. In conclusion, the efflux transport of PBN takes place across the BBB and PBN may be transported into the brain and eliminated from the brain by BBB choline transporter.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 1969

天然水中의 微量金屬 Pb와 Zn을 大量의 물로부터 Dithizon-Benzol溶液으로 逆流에 依한 液一液抽出法으로 分離濃縮시켰다. 抽出된 金屬 Dithizonate를 酸性에서 Benzoly-Peroxid로 酸化하여 파괴시킨다음 金屬들의 들어있는 水溶液을 pH8로 하였다. 여기에 $Al_2(SO_4)_3$을 Carrier로 加하고 $H_2S$를 通하여 沈澱시켜, 이 黃化物沈澱을 Membranfilter로 濾過한 後 Gelatine으로 沈澱을 固定시켰다. 이것을 X-線螢光分析한 結果 濃度範圍 2.5∼100p.p.b.에서 pb는 相對標準偏差 9.0%로, Zn은 相對標準偏差 10.3%로 測定되었다.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제3집
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• pp.95-120
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• 2001

Modalpartikel-Kombinationen wurden bisher in der Forschung kaum behandelt. Modalpartikeln stehen immer im Mittelfeld eines Satzes. Innerhalb des Mittelfeldes aber ist ihre Position variabel. Nur deshalb sind auch Modalpartikel-Kombinationen $m\"{o}glich$, bei denen zwischen den beiden Partikeln ein oder mehrere Lexeme auftreten $k\"{o}nnen$.. Diese Art von Kombination soll hier 'offene Kombination' genannt werden im Gegensatz zu den 'geschlossenen Kombinationen' bei denen die eine Modalpartikel unmittelbar auf die andere folgt. Die Stellung der beiden Modalpartikeln bei einer offenen Kombination ist im Satz nicht beliebig, und deshalb ist auch das, was zwischen zwei Modalpartikeln steht, gewissen Beschrankungen unterworfen. Vor allem die Position der zweiten bzw. letzten Modalpartikel im Satz $h\"{a}ngt$ von der Thema-Rhema-Gliederung ab. Die geschlossenen Varianten der Modalpartikel- Kombinationen sind das ein Indiz $f\"{u}r$ die Verfestigung. Es handelt sich eben nicht mehr nur um das $zuf\"{a}llige$ Auftreten zweier partikeln irn selben Satz, sondem irn vielen $F\"{a}llen$ um eine feste Einheit, deren Bedeutung allerdings immer noch aus der Bedeutung der Einzelbestandteile zusamrnengesetzt werden kann. Kornbinationen von Modalpartikeln sind also als ein weiteres wichtiges Mittel zur Gestaltung eines Dialogs und damit zur Ausgestaltung des Kontakts der $Gespr\"{a}chspartner$ untereinander zu sehen.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.589-599
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• 2014

On the basis of the traditional ZSI (Z-source inverter), this paper presents a ESL-${\Gamma}$-ZSI, which uses a unique ${\Gamma}$-shaped impedance network and an extended SL network for boosting its output voltage in addition to their usual voltage-buck behavior. The inverter can increase the boost factor through adjusting shoot-through duty ratio and increasing the number of inductors. Capacitor voltage stress of ESL-${\Gamma}$-ZSI is a constant when 1>D>0, and ESL-${\Gamma}$-ZSI has small inductor current stress. The working principle of ESL-${\Gamma}$-ZSI and comparison with the classical ZSI and SL- ZSI are analyzed in detail. The power loss comparison between ESL-${\Gamma}$-ZSI and Cuk converter is analyzed detailedly. Simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate the operation features of the inverter.

• 한국연극학
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• 제48호
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• pp.225-260
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• 2012

In diesem Aufsatz handelt es sich um die Untersuchung ${\ddot{u}}ber$ die Theaterregiearbeit von Lee Youn-Tack, der 25 Jahre lang viele $Theaterst{\ddot{u}}cke$ inszeniert hat. Hier wird es mit dem Begriff 'Krisis' gearbeitet, also unter dem Aspekt der Krise wird sein $k{\ddot{u}}nstlerisches$ Bewusstsein und sein Inszenierungsstil herausgearbeitet. $Schlie{\ss}lich$ soll es bewiesen werden, dass Lees Theater als ${\ddot{A}}sthetik$ der Krise darzustellen ist. Unter dem Aspekt der $Narrativit{\ddot{a}}t$ der Krise ist festzustellen, dass es bei seiner 25 $j{\ddot{a}}hrigen$ Arbeit wesentlich um die Krisendarstellung bzw. Krisenbewusstsein als Intellektuelle geht, und dass Lee $gegen{\ddot{u}}ber$ koreanische Gesellschaft und Gegenwartstheater Krisenbewusstsein hat und es bei seiner Arbeit und bei verschiedener Gelegenheit Diskurs $gef{\ddot{u}}hrt$ hat. Hierbei ist es festzustellen, dass Krise erstens, als kritisches Bewusstsein, zweitens, als Bewusstsein ${\ddot{u}}ber$ die ${\ddot{U}}bergangszeit$, drittens, als rituelle Inszenierungsstile dargestellt wurde. Letztlich wird in diesem Aufsatz kritisiert, dass sein Krisendiskurs auf der gewisser Weise fiktive Selbstinszenierungscharakter hat.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides location information using signals from multiple satellites. However, a spoofing attack that forges signals or retransmits delayed signals may cause errors in the location information. To prevent such attacks, authentication protocols considering the navigation message structure of each GNSS can be used. In this paper, we analyze the authentication protocols of Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, and BeiDou, and compare the performance of Navigation Message Authentication (NMA) of the above systems, using several performance indicators. According to our analysis, authentication protocols are similar in terms of performing NMA and using Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). On the other hand, they are different in several ways, for example, whether to perform Spreading Code Authentication (SCA), whether to use digital certificates and whether to use Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication (TESLA). According to our quantitative analysis, the authentication protocol of Galileo has the shortest time between authentications and time to first authenticated fix. We also show that the larger the sum of the navigation message bits and authentication bits, the more severely affected are the time between authentications and the time to first authenticated fix.

• 월간산업보건
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• 통권286호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2012

충분한 연구 자료는 실험연구, 현장연구 등을 통하여 얻어졌으며, 시뮬레이션 연구는 소변 중 아세톤의 농도가 생물학적 노출지수를 결정하는데 이용 가능하다고 결정하였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.290-290
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• 2005

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2005년도 아시안 푸드의 기능성과 세계화 전략에 관한 국제심포지움
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• pp.133-135
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• 2005