Kim, Kwang-Soo;Park, Won;Lee, Yong-Hwa;Lee, Ji-Eun;Moon, Youn-Ho;Cha, Young-Lok;Song, Yeon-Sang
Korean Journal of Plant Resources
/
v.31
no.1
/
pp.77-85
/
2018
The cultivation area of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) has been increased for oil production and landscaping purpose in Korea. However, as the color of rapeseed flower is very simple, diversified flower color is necessary to improve landscape effect. Interspecific and intergeneric crosses between rapeseed (Brassica napus) and three Cruciferae crops were performed in order to grow diverse flower color of rapeseed. The silique formation rate of interspecific cross rapeseed with cabbage (B. oleracea L) was relatively high (65.8%) and higher than intergeneric cross with rapeseed and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), rapeseed and Orychophragmus, respectively. During silique developing period after artificial pollination, there were many siliques without seeds due to the failure of fertilization. The average number of seed per silique obtained from cross rapeseed and cabbage, rapeseed and radish, rapeseed and O. violaceus were 0.12, 0.4 and 0.12, respectively. The phenotypes of $F_1$ hybrid plants from cross rapeseed and Cruciferae crops were mostly similar to maternal line, but leaf length and leaf width were increased. The interspecific cross of rapeseed and cabbage generated ivory color of flower which is the medium color of parents, and intergeneric cross of rapeseed and O. violaceus created entities with larger flowers which seems to enhance landscape effect. The fatty acid composition of most hybrid seeds intermediated of the two parents for oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, content. Whereas hybrid of rapeseed and radish produced less erucic acid than radish parent.
Ahn, Gil Yeong;Nam, Il Hyun;Moon, Gi Hyuk;Lee, Yeong Hyun;Choi, Seong Pil;Yoo, Jong Yeon
Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
/
v.17
no.1
/
pp.11-17
/
2013
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of preservation of the tibial remnant on the synovialization of graft tendon after the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) based on the second look arthroscopic findings. Materials and Methods: From May 2005 to May 2012, among sixty three patients having ACL reconstruction with the four-strand hamstring using a bioabsorbable cross pin (RigidFix$^{(R)}$) for the femoral tunnel, nineteen patients who had second look arthroscopy were analyzed. We classified them into three groups according to the tibial remnant of the torn ACL for arthroscopic findings. Group 1 had less than 5 mm of a remnant tissue, Group 2 had from 6 mm to 10 mm of it, and Group 3 had more than 11 mm. We estimated the percentage of synovial coverage on the graft tendon during second look arthroscopy. We evaluated Lysholm score and Tegner activity score preoperatively and in the last follow-up. Results: At the time of ACL reconstruction, the mean length of preserved tibial remnant of torn ACL was 2.3 mm in Group 1, 7.4 mm in Group 2, and 13.7 mm in Group 3. In the second look arthroscopy, the average percentage of synovial coverage was 55.4% in Group 1, and 77.9% in Group 2, and 89.7% in Group 3. Lysholm score and Tegner activity score improved from 74.2 and 7.3 preoperatively to 94.1 and 8.5 in the last follow-up. Conclusion: The preservation of tibial remnant of torn ACL influenced the synovial coverage of the graft tendon and the volume of preserved remnant in accordance with the surface of synovial coverage. It would have a good effect on graft healing and preservation of proprioceptive function.
Background: To evaluate the risk factor and long-term result of arterial switch operation , a retrospective study was done. Material and Method: A retrospective analysis was done to evaluate the early and long-term results on 58 patients who underwent an arterial switch operation(ASO) for transposition of the great arteries(TGA) with intact ventricular septum, between January 1988 and December 1996. Beforesurgery, 36 patients(62.1%) underwent balloon atrial septostomy, 32 patients(51.7%) received PGE1 infusion, and preparatory banding of pulmonary artery was performed on 6 patients(mean LV/RV pressure ratio 0.53$\pm$0.11). Result: The age at operation ranged from 1 to 137 days(mean 24$\pm$26 days) and the weights ranged from 1.8 to 6.8 kg (mean 3.5$\pm$0.8 kg). There were 14 early deaths(24.1%), but of the last 24 patients operated on since 1994, there were only 2 early deaths(8.3%). In the risk factor analysis, the date of operation was the only risk factor for early death(p-value < 0.01). Eight of the 14 early deaths were due to acute myocardial failure(mainly inadequate coronary blood flow). The length of follow-up ranged from 2 months to 8 years, average of 36$\pm$27 months. The follow-up included sequential noninvasive evaluations and 21 catheterizations and angiographic studies performed 5 to 32 months postoperatively with particular attention to the great vessel and coronary anastomosis, ventricular function, valvular competence, and cardiac rhythm. There were 5 late deaths(11.4%), one of thesedeaths was related to the late coronary problems, two to aspiration, one to uncontrolled chronic mediastinitis, and one to progressive aortic insufficiency and heart failure. The most frequent postoperative hemodynamic abnormality was supravalvular stenosis and the degree of pulmonary or aortic obstruction had slowly progressed in some cases, however there were no children who had to undergo a reoperation for supravalvular pulmonary or aortic stenosis. Aortic regurgitation was identified in 9 patients, which was mild in 7 and moderate in 2 and had progressed in some cases. Two patients who had an unremarkable perioperative course were identified as having coronary artery obstructions. The other late survivors were in good condition, were in sinus rhythm, and had normal LV functions. Actuarial survival rate at 8 years was 68.8%. Conclusion: We concluded that anatomic correction will be established as the optimal approach to the TGA with intact ventricular septum, though further long-term evaluations are needed.
Lee, Jun Hyun;Nam, Yoo Hee;Hur, Hoon;Jeon, Hae Myung;Kim, Wook
Journal of Gastric Cancer
/
v.8
no.3
/
pp.141-147
/
2008
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the short-term operative outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) with those of open total gastrectomy (OTG) for patients suffering with advanced upper gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Of the 47 patients who underwent LATG with $D1+{\beta}$ or D2 lymphadenectomy from July 2004 to March 2008, 29 patients with pathologically proven advanced gastric cancer were compared with 35 patients who underwent conventional OTG during the same time period. The comparison was based on the clinicopathological characteristics, the surgical outcome, the follow-up survival and tumor recurrence. Results: The patients' age, gender and body mass index were similar between the two groups. However, there were statistically differences in tumor size ($9.2{\pm}3.9$ vs $6.1{\pm}3.6cm$, P=0.002) and the proximal resected margin ($2.1{\pm}2.0$ vs $3.6{\pm}2.1cm$ P=0.004). There was no significant difference in most of the peri- and post-operative courses such as the time to first flatus, the time to starting a solid diet and the length of the hospital stay, except for a longer operating time (289.0 vs. 361.3 minutes, P<0.001) in the LATG group. The complication rate was higher in the LATG group (13.8%) than that in the OTG group (5.7%). The mean overall survival and disease free survival times were 32 and 31 months, and 24 and 28 months, respectively, with an average 18.8 months follow-up duration. The main recurrent sites were peritoneum and lymph node in both groups. Conclusion: The early results of the current study suggest that LATG for AGC is technically feasible and it does not show any inferiorities of the postoperative outcomes as compared to those of conventional open total gastrectomy.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the re-osseointegration of the implants that had mechanical unscrewing possibly occurred or not. Furthermore, if it happened, the degree of re-osseointegration was evaluated by comparing with previous osseointegration. Materials and methods: The smooth implant (commercial pure titanium 99%) specimens, whose diameter and length was 3.75 mm, 4 mm, respectively were produced. Two implants were inserted into each tibia of 7 New Zealand female white rabbits weighing at least 3.0 kg. The torque removal force for each implant after 6 weeks of implants placement was measured and included in group I. The torque removal forces were assessed after the fixtures were re-screwed to original position and the subjects were allowed to have 4 more weeks for healing and included in group II. One rabbit was sacrificed after first measurement and produced 4 slide specimens in group I, and two rabbits were sacrificed after 2nd measurement, 7 slide specimens, in group II for histomorphologic investigations. All slide specimens were assessed based on the proportion of BIC (bone-implant contact) as well as CBa (Bone area in the cortical passage) value produced by counting the screw threads embedded in the compact bones under the optical microscopic analysis (${\times}20$). Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the torque removal force, BIC and CBa between group I and II. Results: As for the torque removal force, the result was $10.8{\pm}3.6$ Ncm for group I and $20.2{\pm}9.7$ Ncm for group II. Furthermore, the torque removal force of group II increased by 98.1% in average compared to group I (P<.05). On the other hand, histomorphologic analysis displayed that there was no statistical significance in BIC and CBa values between group I and the group II (P>.05), and RT/BIC and RT/CBa between group I and group II were statistically significant (P<.05). Conclusion: It is possible to obtain more substantial re-osseointegration within shorter periods than the period needed for the initial osseointegration in case of iatrogenically unscrewed implants.
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stensosis(IHPS) occurs in three of 1000 live births, and is a major cause of nonbilious vomiting of early infancy. It's etiology and pathogenesis however are still obscure. The operation of pyloromyotomy described by Ramstedt in 1912 remains the standard treatment. From January 1990 to July 1997, 64 infants with IHPS were treated at the Department of Pediatric Sursery, Yeungnam University Hospital. The ratio of male to female was 7:1, and the most prevalent age ranged from 2 weeks to 8 weeks(81.2 %) of age. Fifty-seven infants were first born (57.8 percent). The body weight of all patients at admission was below the 50 percentile. Age of onset of symptoms was between 2 and 4weeks of age in 23 cases(35.9 %). All infants had a history of nonbilious vomting, generally projectile in nature. Hypokalemia was noted in 14 cases(21.9 %) and hypochloremia in 26 cases(40.6 %). In the preoperative ultrasonography, the average muscle thickness, diameter, and length of the pylorus were 6.3 mm, 12.3 mm, and 17.8 mm. A total of 13 associated anomalies were noted in 12 patients. All cases were treated with Fredet-Ramstedt pyloromyotomy. Postoperative wound infection occured in 3 cases. Thirteen cases(20.3 %) presented intermittent nonprojectile vomiting after operation. With control of oral intake vomiting subsided within one week in 63 patients, and in thirteen days in another.
Kim, Chul Hwan;Kim, Hye Soo;Kim, Hong Chul;Kwon, Hyun Sook;Cheong, Jong-Chun;Kong, Won-Sik;Cho, Soo Jeong
Journal of Mushroom
/
v.13
no.4
/
pp.314-318
/
2015
This study was carried out to investigated the avaiability of dried Koojongsi persimmon peels (KPP) as a useful mushroom medium using Pleurotus eryngii ASI 2312. Mushroom cultivation medium used in this study was mixed with medium mixture, corn cob and sawdust (220:65:15, v/v). Dried KPP was replaced mushroom cultivation medium (control) with 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50% dried KPP. The T-N content of dried KPP treatments decreased to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP and C/N ratio was increased to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP. But T-C content of dried KPP treatments was similar to untreated control. The average cultivating periods of mycelium on dried KPP treatments was delayed to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP and cultivating periods was delayed over 30% dried KPP treatments. The length of stipe of dried KPP treatments was longer than that of the untreated control to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP and thickness of stipes was tend to be thinner than that of the untreated control to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP. The moisture, carbohydrate, crude protein and crude ash content of mycelial were similar to untreated control, but crude fatty acid was increased to increase replaced ratio of the dried KPP. The ${\beta}-glucan$ content of 10% and 15% treatments were higher than untreatment control. The results based on cultivation yield and ${\beta}-glucan$ content indicated that optimal mixture ratio dried KPP was 15%.
Jang, Eui Sun;Kwak, In Suk;Park, Sun Myung;Choi, Choon Ki;Lee, Hyuk;Kim, Soo Young;Choi, Sung Wook
The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
/
v.17
no.2
/
pp.67-71
/
2013
Purpose: The Change of CT exposure condition have a effect on image quality and patient exposure dose. In this study, we evaluated effect CT image quality and SUV when CT parameters (Pitch, Rotation time) were changed. Materials and Methods: Discovery Ste (GE, USA) was used as a PET/CT scanner. Using GE QA Phantom and AAPM CT Performance Phantom for evaluate Noise of CT image. Images are acquired by using 24 combinations that four stages pitch (0.562, 0.938, 1.375, 1.75:1) and six stages X-ray tube rotation time (0.5s-1.0s). PET images are acquired using 1994 NEMA PET Phantom ($^{18}F-FDG$ 5.3 kBq/mL, 2.5 min/frame). For noise test, noise are evaluated by standard deviation of each image's CT numbers. And then we used expectation noise according to change of DLP (Dose Length Product) to experimental noise ratio for index of effectiveness. For spatial resolution test, we confirmed that it is possible to identify to 1.0 mm size of the holes at the AAPM CT Performance Phantom. Finally we evaluated each 24 image's SUV. Results: Noise efficiency were 1.00, 1.03, 1.01, 0.96 and 1.00, 1.04, 1.02, 0.97 when pitch changes at the QA Phantom and AAPM Phantom. In case of X-ray tube rotation time changes, 0.99, 1.02, 1.00, 1.00, 0.99, 0.99 and 1.01, 1.01, 0.99, 1.01, 1.01, 1.01 at the QA Phantom and AAPM Phantom. We could identify 1.0 mm size of the holes all 24 images. Also, there were no significant change of SUV and all image's average SUV were 1.1. Conclusion: 1.75:1 pitch is the most effective value at the CT image evaluation according to pitch change and It doesn't affect to the spatial resolution and SUV. However, the change of rotation time doesn't affect anything. So, we recommend to use the effective pitch like 1.75:1 and adequate X-ray tube rotation time according to patient size.
BACKGROUND: The global mean surface temperature change for the period of 2016~2035 relative to 1986~2005 is similar for the four representative concentration pathway (RCP)'s and will likely be in the range of $0.3^{\circ}C$ to $0.7^{\circ}C$. Climate change inducing higher temperature could affect not only crop growth and yield, but also dynamics of carbon in paddy field. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of elevated temperature on the carbon dynamics in paddy soil and rice growth. In order to control the elevated temperatures, the experiments were set up as the small scale rectangular open top chambers (OTCs) of $1m(width){\times}1m(depth){\times}1m(height)$ (Type 1), $1 m(W){\times}1m(D){\times}1.2m(H)$ (Type 2), and $1m(W){\times}1m(D){\times}1.4m(H)$ (Type 3). The average temperatures of Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 from July 15 to October 30 were higher than the ambient temperatures at $0.4^{\circ}C$, $0.5^{\circ}C$, and $0.9^{\circ}C$, respectively. For the experiment, Wagner's pots (1/2,000 area) were placed inside chambers. The pots were filled with loamy soil, and chemical fertilizer and organic compost were applied as recommended after soil test. The pots were flooded with agricultural water and rice (Shindongjin-byeo) was planted. It was observed that TOC (total organic carbon) of the water increased by the elevated temperatures and the trend continued until the late growth stage of the rice. Soil TOC contents were reduced by the elevated temperatures. C/N ratios of the rice plant decreased by the elevated temperature treatments. Thus, it was assumed that the elevated temperatures induced to decompose soil organic matter. Elevated temperatures significantly increased the culm length (P<0.01) and culm weight (P<0.05) of rice, but the number and weight of rice panicle did not showed significant differences. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it was suggested that the elevated temperatures had an effect on changes of soil and water carbons under the possible future climate change environment.
This experiment is conducted fer method cf bring to perfectly from defective cutting sapling 25 a production method of sapling which is to substitute for conventional graf ting. 1. In green wood cutting root comes out after 15 days of cutting with nearly straight development of root system; after 40 days of cutting, roots with total length of 1119 mms 43 roots, and 5.4 grs a root in total weight obtained. 2. Survival percentage of green wood cutting ranges between 56% and 90%, average 73% of that and it varies with natural characteristics of varietes. The results show variety of Gaeryang-Suban and Iljiroe with 80% as a best ones in contrast with the variety of Shipyung. 3. The varietics or Gaeryang-Suban. Iljiroe, Suwon-Sang No.4, Rosang makes of much more roots than Yongchonchuwoo and Shipyung do. 4. Root ability made good number of roots commercially, when cutting is conducted soaking in 0.01 % NAA solution or 0.02% NAA solution for 2 or 3 seconds as a chemical promoter. 5. Economical measures for increase of scion adapted 1) 2 scions from a green wood 50 cm long should be taken and basal pan of scion at its middle portion should be cut right under the node. 2) Scions below 50cm long may be used. Small scions or growthceased shoots h3ve also considerable root ability enough to be used. 3) Thus far, up 100,000 scions might be produced in 10 a. 6. We can find number of root increased, when cutting the opposite side in obliquity manner at 450. 7. When 110,000 saplings in 10 a. for the production of bring to perfectly from defective cutting sapling planted, quality of stocks does not go to bad condition without any obstacles in practical use. 8. Although the times or grafting delayed until middle of July, quality of sapling goes just a little down. Grafting may be conducted from early June to middle of July separately in several times, and the green wood of prunned mulberry in spring is available for a scion after end of June. 9. 10 grs weight of defective cutting sapling makes 95% of complete sapling, otherwise 5 or 10 grs in weight of one becomes 80% of complete sapling with its quality as similar as grafted one. 10. When the sapling planted, its branches should be cut, leaving 3 or 4 buds at the bottom of new branches. 11. In view of economical stand point, production cost of bring to perfectly from defective cutting sapling obtains 52% of grafting cost.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.