• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.896-912
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• 2014

This study analyzed the reality of avatar size when it was automatically changed by different height and waist circumference inputs. This study focused on analyzing 22 of 28 avatar parts created by the 3D Clo virtual fitting program, based on the height and 'waist circumference of 2,247 woman samples from the $6^{th}$ Size Korea survey data. The 'waist back L'. and 'bishoulder L'. of the avatars were shorter than the bodies; however, the avatars' 'waist H'. and 'arm L'. were longer. Differences between the avatar and body increased in the taller groups. The body proportion of tall avatars was more distorted than small avatars. There were also some exaggerations in some circumferences. The 'bust C'. of the avatar was larger in the group with thin upper torsos; however, the 'hip C'. and 'upper arm C'. were larger in the group with thick upper torsos. The avatar torso silhouette of each somatotype was not representative of the real body silhouette as the 'hip C'. and 'bust C'. always increased together.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1968-1979
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• 2010

New technology that includes 3D body scanning, digital virtual human, and digital virtual garments has had a significant impact on the current apparel industry. Virtual simulation technology enables the visualization of a 3D virtual garment on a virtual avatar so that consumers can try on garments with their virtual avatars before purchasing. However, the manual virtual avatar provided for online apparel shopping currently has revealed limitations on the different body sizes and shapes of customers. This study analyzes the process of designing the automatic virtual avatar and the manual virtual avatar using OptiTex software; in addition, the study compares the practicality of the automatic virtual avatar with that of the manual virtual avatar. Data was examined by evaluating how much each virtual avatar is similar to the real body and how well it matched the needs of the current apparel industry. In the study, Avatar 1 was automatically created from three-dimensional body scan data and Avatar 2 was manually created from body measurements. The virtual avatar images laid over a real body image and the results were evaluated by comparing the simulated sizes of virtual avatars with those of a real body. Consequently, Avatar 1 was evaluated as more similar to the real body than Avatar 2 in all five body shapes. This study illustrates that an automatic virtual avatar might solve the fit problem that is the most common reason for a high return rate for online shopping. The results show that future virtual simulation technology needs to be improved for the practicality of the virtual avatars.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2009

In creating an avatar, consumers can find out for themselves their own sizes to be entered. Also, putting in a face creation main-page menu option enables clients to make up their faces and match them to their bodies. Through this process when purchasing clothes through the internet consumers can enter their own body sizes and create avatars that are identical to their body shape. The uniqueness of developed prototype is that it creates an avatar similar to one's body shape according to body size inputs and demonstrates visually to customers the on-line comfort test which was only available off-line traditionally. The avatar follows the movement of mouse from left to right which enables 3 dimensional visualization. Through maximizing the visual effect this research focuses on enabling consumers to feel subjective parts as if they are off-line. This study seeks to provide a type of prototype of an online shopping mall that meets the demand of the consumers using the 3D avatar.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2015

This research is to understand customer satisfaction with virtual fitting based on a 3D body scanner and avatars as well as differences between avatars and the 'real me'. To this end, this research examined Korean college students to facilitate 3D body scanning, avatar generation and surveys. The author used 3D body scan data with direct measurements to identify differences between the 3D body scan data-based 'my avatar' and 'real me' in the virtual dress fitting system. The survey results on 'the level of customer awareness on 3D body scanner' found that the majority of both genders did not know about it and indicated a lower usability to incorporate IT technology into the fashion industry. The question in the 3D body scanning and avatar found an affirmative attitude. Satisfaction levels on the 3D avatars' similarity with 'own body' and garment fitting were positive and indicated a need for further technological improvements to express the avatars identical to customers' own body. More research is necessary for the accuracy of sizes for 3D body scanning that measure body sizes while wearing clothes. Avatars based on such datamay be less similar to 'own body' and cause customer dissatisfaction. Thus, further technology development is required to narrow gaps using data to make avatars that provide more accurate virtual fitting simulation services to customers.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2023

This study aimed to examine an augmented reality-based teaching simulation in a mobile application. We examined how AR-enabled interactions affect users' perceived scenario usefulness and avatar realism. The participants were forty-six undergraduate students. We randomly grouped them into two conditions: AR and Non-interactive video groups with equal sample sizes. This study employed an experimental design approach with a one-way multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures. The independent variable is the presence/absence of AR interaction with a mobile application. The dependent variables were avatar realism and scenario usefulness. The measures explored how the student avatar's emotional intensity in a scenario influences user perception. The results showed that participants in the AR-interaction group perceived avatar realism significantly higher than those in the non-interactive video group. Also, participants perceived the high emotional intensity scenario (aggression toward peers) to be significantly higher usefulness than the low emotional intensity scenario (classroom disruption).

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.894-909
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• 2016

This study analyzed a somatotype that was more suitable to a virtual fitting model and to improve the reality of a virtual model size. We analyzed 1,868 women 18-59 years old from the 6th Size Korea data. First, factor analysis was done for abstracting new criteria for dividing the somatotype; subsequently, we selected the waist height proportion to stature (body proportion) and drop (torso shape). Next, the cluster analysis was done with these criteria and 7 body proportion types and 11 torso shapes were distinguished. A virtual model size for the most common somatotype was also developed by a regression analysis of constituting sizes of each factor that was compared with body sizes well as with Clo's virtual model size. The model of this research showed a high similarity in sizes with body as well as improved better realisty than the Clo model which presented size problems such as longer limbs, bigger bust, smaller waist and a smaller arm circumference than the real body.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.233-256
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• 2012

This paper aims to look into various symbolic meanings of the body shown in the film, Avatar (2009, James Cameron), and to ponder over a variety of media strategies carried by the pursuit of the corporality shown in this film. In a nutshell, the body in Avatar is a symbol of primitiveness rather than civilization, and the body language is a fundamental and effective means of communication much better than verbal language. A variety of physical contacts that appeared in many scenes of the movie emphasizes the role of the body as a means of real communication. Also, in the composition of the film dominated by the confrontation of civilization, numerous creatures in the planet Pandora with a variety of colors as well as a number of agencies and large body sizes express primitive richness. The narrative of the film telling the story of a 'moving' body ultimately emphasizes the superiority of the body with respect to consciousness, unlike the narrative of conventional movies dealing with the problems of the body. In addition, the corporality pursued by this film implies several important media strategies. It may reveal a self-reflection of the material civilization and the imperialism, or, on the contrary, an attempt to conceal or dilute them. It may also represent a self-reflection of the overdeveloped media technology, or simply the dilution of it. Finally, it may be an attempt to recover the feeling of "presence", not fully supported by the 3D technology, by the identification of the spectator's body and the character's body.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2015

Fashion industry has tried to adopt the virtual garment technology to reduce the time and effort spent on sample creation. For garment manufacturers to adopt the virtual garment technology as an alternative to sample creation, 3D avatars that meet the needs of each brand should be developed. Virtual garment softwares that are available in the market provide avatars with standardized body models and allow to modify the size by manually entering size specifications. This study proposed a methodology to develop size specifications for 3D avatars as well as brand-customized production sizes. For this, a man's fashion brand which is using virtual garment technology is selected. And the Size Korea database is used to develop size specification based on the customers' body shape. This study developed regression equations on body size specifications, which in turn proposed a regression model to proportionately change size specifications of 3D fitting-models. Based on the each body size calculated by the regression model, a standard model is created, and the skeleton-skin algorithm is applied to the regression model to obtain the results of size changes. Then, the 3D model sizes are tested for size changes as well as measured, which verifies that the regression model reflects body size changes.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2016

본 연구는 20대 여성에 대한 재킷의 실제착의와 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션으로 재현된 가상착의 상태를 디자이너 집단과 패터너 집단이 비교 분석하여 가상착의 시스템의 개선 방향을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 착의 방식에 따른 디자이너 집단의 외관평가 차이 분석에 있어서 앞면에 대한 개 항목 옆면에 대한 개 항목 뒷면에 대한 1개 항목 소매에 대한 개 항목 칼라에 대한 개 항목에서 평가에 대한 차이가 있었다. 착의 방식에 따른 패터너 집단의 외관평가 차이 분석에 있어서 옆면에 대한 개 항목 뒷면에 대한 개 항목 소매에 대한 개 항목 칼라에 대한 개 항목에서 평가에 대한 차이가 있었으며 모든 항목에서 가상착의의 모습이 더 아름답다고 하였다. 착의 방식에 따른 외관평가에 있어서 디자이너 집단과 패터너 집단의 평가가 차이가 있었으며 이는 디자이너 집단과 패터너 집단이 의복의 맞음새를 평가하는 기준이 다르다는 것을 시사한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 여성 재킷의 실제착의와 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션으로 재현된 가상착의 A, B 간의 차이를 비교분석하여 가상착의 시스템의 개선 방향을 제안하는 것이다. 연구 방법은 아래와 같다. 기본 사이즈 재킷을 입은 표준사이즈의 피험자 사진을 찍고, 피험자 인체사이즈의 아바타에게 재킷을 가상 착의하여 이미지를 얻었다. 여성 재킷 고객 20명에게 이미지를 제시 한 후 설문 조사 방법으로 외관 평가를 실시하였다. 이 외관 평가에서 실제 재킷과 가상 재킷 A간의 일치정도를 비교했고, 실제 재킷과 가상 재킷 B간의 일치정도를 비교했다. 그 후 실제착의/가상착의 A와 실제착의/가상착의 B간의 외관 평가 차이를 t-test하였다. 그 결과 원단에 대한 1개 항목, 앞면에 대한 9개 항목, 옆면에 대한 3개 항목, 뒷면에 대한 6개 항목에서 외관 평가에 대한 차이가 있었다.