• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.08a
• /
• pp.721-723
• /
• 2007

Commercial conductive metal inks are available, but metals used in these have unsuitable work function for efficient OLED device performance. Metals with low work function tend to oxidize easily, which makes it challenging to develop low work function metal inks. In this research we describe printed low work function Al cathode.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.94-102
• /
• 2001

The thermodynamic second law analysis, which means available energy or exergy analysis, for the indicated performance of Otto cycle engine has been carried out. Each operating process of the engine is simplified and modeled into the thermodynamic cycle. The calculation of the lost work and exergy through each process has been done with the thermodynamic relations and experimental data. The experimental data were measured from the test of single cylinder Otto cycle engine which operated at 2500 rpm, WOT(Wide Open Throttle) and MBT(Minimum advanced spark timing for Best Torque) condition with different fuels: gasoline, methanol and mixture of butane-methanol called M90. Experimental data such as cylinder pressure, air and fuel flow rate, exhaust gas temperature, inlet gas temperature and etc. were used for the analysis. The proposed model and procedure of the analysis are verified through the comparison of the work done in the study with experimental results. The calculated results show that the greatest lost work is generated during combustion process. And the lost work during expansion, exhaust, compression and induction process follows in order.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.620-623
• /
• 2004

Conventionally injection molds & dies are manufactured through an order-oriented manner. This brings unexpected orders into the shop floor such as hot order, re-work, and new types of mold & dies. Thus, there needs appropriate resource assignment plans considering the available times of machines and workers. Further, a scheduling system is required that can create work schedules periodically or by customers' requests. Yet, in small & medium sized mold & die makers, production schedules usually depend on the shop floor workers' experience and their manual preparation. Hence, developed in this study is a scheduling management system (SMS) based on order release and review (ORR) in small and medium sized mold & die companies. The proposed SMS considers delivery dates as well as flexible work schedules, so as to meet frequent changes of customers' order. The system can provide effective resource assigning and work scheduling plans, securing standard data associated with shop floors. Furthermore, the system pursues economical schedules for companies' needs, equipped with an available to promise (ATP) function that can effectively accommodate the changes of production plans.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.28 no.12
• /
• pp.1573-1581
• /
• 2004

Thermodynamic principles are described with a new point of view. In present study, the interaction between two systems is focused instead of the behavior of a system in conventional thermodynamics. The state change of a system cannot occur by itself but it is the result of the interaction between systems. However, the interaction itself is also the result of another kind of interaction, the interaction between two interactions. To reconstruct thermodynamics with such a point of view, the reversible world is imagined, in which conservations and measurements are discussed. There exists a conserved quantity for each mode of reversible interaction. The conserved transferring quantity in the interaction between interactions is the effective work, which is supposed to be measurable and conserved in reversible world. Effective work is the primary concepts of energy. It is the key factor to explain measurements, energy conservation and energy dissipation. The concepts developed in reversible world are applied to the real world in which irreversible phenomena may occur. Irreversibility is the result of effective energy dissipation, in which effective work irreversibly changes into entropy. A quantitative relation between the disappearing effective work and the generated entropy is dissipation equation which is given by experiments. A special temperature scale to give a very simple type of the dissipation equation is the absolute temperature scale, which gives the conventional conservation of energy.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.61 no.1
• /
• pp.125-142
• /
• 2017

Extensive research work has been performed on shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams retrofitted with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in form of strips. However, most of this research work is experimental and very scarce studies are available on numerical modelling of such beams due to truly challenging nature of modelling concrete shear cracking and interfacial interaction between components of such beams. This paper presents an appropriate model for RC beam and to simulate its cracking without numerical computational difficulties, convergence and solution degradation problems. Modelling of steel and CFRP and their interfacial interaction with concrete are discussed. Finally, commercially available non-linear finite element software ABAQUS is used to validate the developed finite element model with key tests performed on full scale T-beams with and without CFRP retrofitting, taken from previous extensive research work. The modelling parameters for bonding behavior of CFRP with special anchors are also proposed. The results presented in this research work illustrate that appropriate modelling of bond behavior of all the three types of interfaces is important in order to correctly simulate the shear behavior of RC beams strengthened with CFRP.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.421-423
• /
• 2021

Providing a "safe system of work" is the essence of the general duties that employers have to their employees under workplace health and safety regulations. Despite this, consistent and appropriate definition of what constitutes a safe system of work is almost non-existent. Available definitions tend to confuse a safe system of work with management practices intended to bring about a safe system, or conflate the broad system suggested in general duties clauses with procedures or work methods that are focused on particular hazards or tasks. This article develops a definition of safe systems of work which recognises the broad scope of the concept and includes psychological health and return to work processes. This definition can be used by a range of stakeholders to better communicate the scope of occupational health and safety duties and more consistently assess whether a safe system has been provided both before and after incidents occur.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.41-53
• /
• 2011

Recently, workers are interested in work-life balance. However, most dual- income couples do not make the effort to achieve work-life balance in their everyday life compared with many workplaces that make various family-friendly policies available to them. Therefore, this study aims to suggest the necessity and process of work-life balance through career management over one's lifespan. The needs and resources of families are not the same during every stage of the family life cycle. Thus, dual-income couples should aim to invest in career management which includes balancing their work and their family when considering their future career and life. Additionally, they should try to match the needs and resources of both their work and their family by using family resources, workplace policies, and community networks.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.127-142
• /
• 1999

There have been strong arguments that the best organizational type for the information society is a network organization which is intelligent and learning-oriented as well as has problem solving capacities rather than a traditional passive organization which strictly follows standard operating procedures. In this perspective, integrated information work environment emerges as attractive work environment for the 21st century. Integrated information work environment is defined as an integrated electronic environment that is available to and readily accessible be each employee and is structured to provide immediate, individualized on-line access to the full range of information, software, guidance, advice and assistance, data, images, tools, and assessment and monitoring systems to permit job performance with minimal support and intervention by others. Case study was performed to measure the productivity improvement by implementing integrated information work environment in life insurance company. The results show that there is a number of indications of strong work productivity improvements.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 2011

This work describes an availability model of highly available systems to achieve Five-9's availability. Modern railway systems have raised users' expectations of powerful "always on" services. The crucial characteristics of these highly available services are essential to many modern businesses area, such as telecommunications, railway systems, information operations, Web-based businesses, and so on. The architecture-based model of system availability is useful to assess the feasibility of meeting a high availability target. The Markov model approach is straightforward for relative system engineers to adapt when they model highly available system failure and the failure recovery process. This work proposed the improved availability model through UML2.0. It is shown that the architecture-based model of system availability is a good reasonable by its application of the railway systems.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.24 no.3 s.46
• /
• pp.535-546
• /
• 1994

The research work has been conducted in order to establish facts on posterior available space in patients with crowding. The relation between crowding and posterior available space was worked out through a cross sectinal study of fifty eight patients showing class I malocclusion. In addition, a longitudinal overlapping study was done by examing twenty patients who had their bicuspid extracted and forty nine patients who did not, at the orthodontic department of dental clinic affiliated in Chosun University. The patients had been examined for three years and eight months on a regular basis, and the study yielded the following conculusion. 1. There was a great difference in posterior available space between patients with serious crowding and those with slight crowding. The former marked 15.2mm of posterior available space and the latter 19.9mm. 2. Posterior crowding index was acquired by joint consideration of the diameter of posterior teeth and posterior available space, and manifested the highest relationship with crowding among measured items. 3. Patients who had their bicuspids extracted exhibited increase in posterior available space of 1.6mm/year and those who did not 1.8mm/year. 4. The absorption of anterior border of ramus turned out to be most deeply related with the increase of posterior available space. 5. Anterior border of ramus was absorbed at the average rate of 0.7mm/year during the period of observation. 6. The extraction of bicuspids had little influnce on the change in posterior available space.