• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권12호
• /
• pp.1768-1773
• /
• 2016

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of variety and planting year on the nutritive values of corn fed to growing pigs. Four corn varieties examined in this experiment were planted in the same village located in Longhua County, Heibei Province, China, in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. During each year, corn was hand-harvested in early October and sun dried to about 14% moisture content. Three batches of twenty-four barrows ($33.27{\pm}4.30$, $31.88{\pm}2.93$, $34.21{\pm}3.81kg$ body wight [BW] in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively) were used and allotted to a complete block design with 4 diets and 6 replicate pigs per diet. Pigs were individually placed in metabolic crates. The four experimental diets were formulated by mixing each variety of corn and vitamins and minerals, respectively. A five-day collection period followed a seven-day diet acclimation period. The results indicated that variety of corn significantly influenced the available energy content (digestible energy [DE] on dry matter basis, p<0.05; metabolizable energy (ME) on dry matter basis, p<0.05, respectively), and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of organic matter (p<0.01), dry matter (p<0.05), gross energy (p<0.05), neutral detergent fiber (p<0.01), acid detergent fiber and ether extract (p<0.05). The planting year also significantly influenced the available energy contents (DE on dry matter basis, p<0.05; ME on dry matter basis, p<0.01, respectively) and the ATTD of neutral detergent fiber (p<0.01), acid detergent fiber (p<0.01), crude protein (p<0.01), and ether extract (p<0.01). No interaction was observed between the variety and planting year in DE and ME contents in corn. In conclusion, the variety and planting year significantly influenced the available energy and nutrient digestibility of corn fed to growing pigs.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.311-322
• /
• 2003

공생균근은 식물 뿌리에 의한 인산 등 무기염류의 흡수를 촉진시키지만 토양의 인산 농도 가 너무 낮거나 높으면 공생균근 형성이 억제되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 화산회토양에서 감귤 뿌리의 공생균근 형성에 적합한 유효인산 수준을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 중과석을 인 공급원으로 하여 인산 시용량을 $0-1000mg\;kg^{-1}$으로 달리한 토양에서 공생균근균 접종과 비접종 처리로 나누어 탱자 유묘를 화분에 심어 유리온실에서 5개월 동안 재배하였다. 탱자 유묘의 공생균근 형성율은 인산 무시용구(유효인산 함량 $0.73mg\;kg^{-1}$)에서 33%이었는데, $50mg\;kg^{-1}$ 시용구(유효인산 함량 $2.6mg\;kg^{-1}$)에서 43%로 증가되었지만 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ 시용구(유효인산 함량 $8.3mg\;kg^{-1}$)에서는 34%로 무시용구와 비슷하였고 그 이상 인산 시용량이 증가함에 따라 형성율은 오히려 감소하였다. 공생균근균의 접종으로 초장, 생체중 및 건물중 등으로 측정된 탱자 유묘의 생장은 비접종 처리구와 비교하여 모든 인산 처리 수준에서 증가되었으며, 그 증가량은 공생균근 형성율에 비례하였다. 그리고 탱자 유묘의 인산을 비롯한 무기양분 흡수량도 모든 인산 처리 수준에서 공생균근 형성율과 높은 정의 상관관계를 보였다.

• 호남수학학술지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2017

In this paper we aim to demonstrate how one can obtain so far unknown Laplace transforms for the generalized hypergeometric functions $_pF_p$ for p = 2, 3, 4, and 5 by employing known summation theorems available in the literature.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.274-307
• /
• 2002

The TLSO was customized for this study in OO ortho-prosthesis institute from Jan. 1th., 2000 to Dec. 31th., 2000 and in order to measure effects of TLSO. 20 females in a growth period applicable to medical care took part in this study, they were on accidental spine scoliosis (From $15^{\circ}to35^{\circ}$). They were consisted of Group I(10 chest-bend) and Group II (10 dual-bend). The results were follows: 1. It showed the average difference in height by 1.37cm, 3.14cm in comparison between before and after TLSO, before and after one year and they were also statistically available(p < .05). 2. It showed the average difference in Cobb angle of a chest and waist by ($-10.95^{\circ},-8.50^{\circ}$), between before and right after TLSO. The results means that the Cobb angle of the chest and weist at right after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 3. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest waist by $-9.50^{\circ},-7.35^{\circ} $ between before and one year after TLSO. It means that the Cobb angle of the chest and waist at the one year after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 4. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest and waist by $2.34^{\circ},2.15^{\circ} $ between the right after and the one year after. TLSO, but the change of Cobb angle of the chest was regularly constant by a little increased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 5. In the measurement of the change of Cobb angle of the chest and waist according to the taking time on TLSO, it showed the slightest change in 10 people on TLSO for 23 hours by $13.30^{\circ},11.20^{\circ}$ , the change in 6 people on TLSO for 16 hours by $14.75^{\circ},12.67^{\circ}$, the change in 4 people on TLSO for 8 hours by $16.83^{\circ},14.00^{\circ} $ in this order. It means that the longer time on TLSO was to be the smaller the Cobb angle of the chest and waist, but it was not statistically available.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 1985

담수(湛水)에 의한 토양화학성분(土壤化學成分) 함량변화(含量變化)와 수도수량(水稻收量)과의 관계(關係)를 밝히고져 토양화학성(土壤化學性)이 상이(相異)한 9개 토양통(土壤統)으로 실내(室內) 및 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 실시(實施)하였다. 포장시험(圃場試驗) 결과(結果) 토양간(土壤間)의 무비구수량(無肥區收量)과 최고수량(最高收量)은 유의성(有意性)있는 상관(相關)이 있었지만 상대수량(相對收量)은 54~76으로서 토양간(土壤間) 차이(差異)가 컸다. 무비구(無肥區) 수량(收量)과 토양화학성분(土壤化學成分) 함량(含量)과의 관계(關係)는 담수무처리(湛水無處理)의 암모니아태 질소(窒素)에서만 상관(相關)이 있었다. 담수항온시험(湛水恒溫試驗) 결과(結果) pH에서 무비구(無肥區) 수량(收量)이 높았던 부용(芙蓉), 사촌(沙村), 지산통(芝山統) 담수(湛水) 5~25일까지의 건토(乾土)에 대한 pH상승폭(上昇幅)이 다른 토양(土壤)보다 컸고 담수(湛水) 70일까지 건토(乾土)의 pH가(價) 수준(水準)을 유지(維持)하였다. 토양별(土壤別) 암모니아태 질소함량(窒素含量)은 건토(乾土)의 유기물함량(有機物含量)과 관련(關聯)이 적었고 무처리담수구(無處理湛水區)와 삼요소담수구(三要素湛水區)의 함량(含量) 차이(差異)가 컸던 토양(土壤)들이 시비효율(施肥效率)이 높은 편(便)이었다. 건토(乾土)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 및 유기물함량(有機物含量)이 낮고 점토함량(粘土含量)이 높은 전북(全北), 대정(大靜), 췌동통(萃東統)은 담수(湛水)에 의한 인산유효화량(燐酸有效化量)이 적고 포장시험(圃場試驗)에서의 인산시비효율(燐酸施肥效率)이 컸다. 점토함량(粘土含量)이 낮은 사촌(沙村), 용지(龍池), 예천통(醴泉統)은 그 반대(反對)였다. 대체로 담수(湛水)에 의해서 유효규산함량(有效珪酸含量)은 증가(增加)하였지만 건토(乾土)의 유효규산함량(有效珪酸含量)이 극히 높은 전북(全北), 대정(大靜), 췌동통(萃東統)은 담수무처리(湛水無處理)에서 건토(乾土)와 비슷하거나 오히려 감소(減少)하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.270-274
• /
• 1996

호남지방(湖南地方) 논 토양의 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 벼 무논골뿌림 재배시 인산시용방법별(燐酸施用方法別) 괴불발생정도(發生程度)와 수도(水稻) 수량성(收量性)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 '94-'95년까지 연구한 결과(結果) 지대별(地帶別) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)은 노령 동서(東西) 내륙지대(內陸地帶) 및 호남(湖南) 내릉지대(內陵地帶)에서 가장 높았고 차령 남부(南部) 평야지대(平野地帶)에서 가장 낮으며 지형별(地形別) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)은 하성평탄지(河成平坦地)에서 가장 높았고 홍적태지(洪積台地)에서 가장 낮았다. 전북통(全北統)의 무기태(無機態) 인산(燐酸) 형태별 함량은 Ca-P이 가장 많았고, Fe-P, Al-P 순위(順位)를 보였다. 인산시비방법별(燐酸施肥方法別) 괴불발생(發生)은 기비(基肥) 100%시용구(施用區)와 70%구(區)에서 많았으며 인산무시용구(燐酸無施用區)와 3엽기(葉期)에 100% 시용(施用)한구(區)에서 가장 적었고 하해혼성(河海混成) 평야지(平野地)의 보통답(普通畓)에서 수도(水稻) 1모작시(毛作詩) 인산적정시용량(燐酸適正施用量)은 ha당 21kg였으며 인산시비방법별(燐酸施肥方法別) 쌀 수량(收量)은 관행(慣行) 시비량(施肥量)의 50%를 기비(基肥)로 시용시(施用時) 6%의 증수(增收)를 보였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2008

The effectiveness of rehabilitation programs for coal mining spoils in Samcheok, Jeongsun, and Mungyung were evaluated based on the physicochemical properties of soil in the rehabilitated areas. These spoils were reclaimed by introducing plants such as black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), pitch pine (Pinus rigida), birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica), alder (Alnus hirsuta), bush clover (Lespedeza cyrtobotrya), and grass (Lolium perenne) in planting beds covered with forest soil. In the surface soil, the pH, organic matter, total N, available P, and exchangeable Ca showed significant changes over the years after reclamation. The pH and exchangeable Ca content decreased exponentially over time, whereas organic matter increased linearly and total N and available P increased exponentially. Changes in the physicochemical properties of subsurface soils displayed a different pattern. There were significant changes over time in the organic matter, available P, and exchangeable Ca and Mg contents of the soil. Organic matter increased logarithmically with years since rehabilitation and available P increased exponentially. Meanwhile, exchangeable Ca decreased exponentially, and Mg decreased logarithmically. The changes in the subsurface soil were not as dramatic as those in the surface soil. This result suggests that the ameliorating effects of the establishment and growth of plants more pronounced on the surface soil layer. Stand ordination data showed different relationships with time since rehabilitation in the early and later stages of the rehabilitation process. In the early stages of rehabilitation, stands tended to be arranged in the order of reclamation age. However, in the later stages, there was not a clear relationship between reclamation age and vegetation characteristics. This result suggests that soil amelioration is required for the early stages, after which an autogenic effect becomes more prominent as the vegetation becomes better established.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 일부 시판 구강양치액의 화학적 특성을 조사하고, 구강양치액이 치아에 무기질 소실에 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다. 국내 3대 대형마트에서 공통으로 시판되는 구강양치액 5개 제품을 선정하였다(페리오토탈7 스트롱후레쉬[PS], 가그린 오리지널[GO], 가그린 제로[GZ], 리스테린 시트러스[LC], 리스테린 쿨민트[LM]). 구강양치액의 구성 성분과 pH와 적정산도를 조사하였다. 각 구강양치액 군별로 6개의 우치시편을 제작하였다. 각 구강양치액 30ml에 우치 시편 6개씩을 1분, 30분, 90분, 120분간 침적하였으며, 이때 $36.5^{\circ}C$ 교반 배양기에 위치하였다. 이후 치아의 무기질 소실 정도는 QLF-D를 이용하여 정상치아 대비구강양치액 노출 부위의 무기질 소실 정도(${\Delta}F$)를 분석하였다. 구강양치액군 간의 ${\Delta}F$의 차이를 Kruskal-Wallis H검정을 시행하여 알아보았다(${\alpha}=0.05$). 구강양치액의 성분은 리스테린 제품과 그 외 제품별로 차이가 있었으며, pH는 4.09~6.75의 범위를 보였다. 적정산도는 PS 제품이 평균 0.63 ml로 가장 적었으며 LM은 9.25 ml로 조사 제품 중 가장 높은 적정산도 값을 보였다. 리스테린 제품, LC와 LM에 90분 이상 치아 시편을 침적하였을 때 매우 적은 무기질 소실이 확인되었으나 통계적으로는 무기질 소실이 일어나지 않은 군과 유의한 차이가 확인되지 않았다(p>0.05). 결론적으로 시판 구강양치액 5종 모두 치아의 법랑질에는 위해가 없음을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 2003

Phosphorus is one of the major plant growth limiting nutrients, despite being abundant in soils in both inorganic and organic forms. Phosphobioinoculants in the form of microorganisms can help in increasing the availability of accumulated phosphates for plant growth by solubilization. Penicillium oxalicum CBPSTsa, isolated from paddy rhizosphere, was studied for its phosphate solubilization. The influence of various carbon sources like glucose, sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol and nitrogen sources like arginine, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate were evaluated using liquid media with tricalcium phosphate (Ca-P), ferric phosphate (Fe-P) and aluminium phosphate (Al-P). Maximum soluble phosphate of 824 mg/L was found in the amendment of sucrose-sodium nitrate from 5 g/L of Ca-P. Mannitol, sorbitol, and ariginine were poor in phosphate solubilization. While sucrose was better carbon source in solubilization of Ca-P and Al-P, glucose fared better in solubilization of Fe-P. Though all the nitrogen sources enhanced P solubilization, nitrates were better than ammonium In the amendments of ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate, higher uptake of available phosphates by the fungus was found, and this resulted in depletion of available P in Fe-P amendment Phosphate solubilization was accompanied by acidification of the media, and the highest pH decrease was observed in glucose amendment Among the nitrogen sources, ammonium chloride favored greater pH decrease.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2015

Arsenic (As) contamination of agricultural soils resulting from mining activity has caused major concern due to the potential health risk. Therefore the current study was carried out to investigate the relationship between fractionation of As in soil and rice uptake and to provide a basic information for adequate management of As contaminated agricultural soil. Twenty agricultural soils and rice affected by the abandoned mining sites were collected. Soil chemical properties and As concentrations (total and sequential extracted) in soils were determined and As concentrations in polished rice were analyzed. The average concentration of As in non-specifically adsorbed (F1), specifically adsorbed (F2), amorphous hydrous oxides of Fe and Al (F3), crystalline hydrous oxides of Fe and Al (F4) and residual phase (F5) were 0.08, 1.38, 10.34, 3.26 and $10.98mgkg^{-1}$, respectively. Both soil pH and available phosphorus were positively correlated with the concentrations of As in F1 and F2. These results indicate that increasing the soil pH and available phosphorus can significantly increase the easily mobile fractions of As (F1 and F2). The average concentration of As in polished rice was $0.09mgkg^{-1}$. The concentrations of As in F1 and F2 showed a positive correlation with the concentrations of As in polished rice. Therefore soil pH and available phosphorus affect the distribution of As fractionation in soils and thus affect As bioavailability.