• 산업과 과학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 자율 주행을 위한 지능형 교통 시스템(ITS)을 최적화하는 데 있어 엣지 컴퓨팅의 혁신적인 잠재력을 연구하였다. 방대한 양의 데이터를 로컬에서 실시간으로 처리하는 엣지 컴퓨팅의 능력은 신속한 의사 결정 및 향상된 안전 조치를 포함하여 자율주행차의 중요한 요구 사항을 해결하는 데 필수 요소이다. 엣지 컴퓨팅과 기존 ITS 인프라의 통합을 탐구하고, 현지화된 데이터 처리가 대기 시간을 크게 줄여 자율주행차의 반응성을 향상시키는 방법을 강조한다. 실시간 교통 관리, 충돌 방지 시스템 및 동적 경로 최적화를 지원하는 강력한 프레임워크를 집합적으로 형성하는 엣지서버, 센서 및 V2X(Vehicle-to-Everything) 통신 기술의 배포를 검토한다. 또한 본 연구는 보안, 데이터 통합, 시스템 확장성 등 ITS에서 엣지 컴퓨팅을 구현하는 데 있어 가장 중요한 과제를 다루며 잠재적인 솔루션과 향후 연구 방향에 대한 통찰력을 제공한다. 이 논문은 완전 자율 주행이라는 비전을 실현하는 데 있어 엣지 컴퓨팅의 중추적인 역할을 강조하고, 보다 안전하고 효율적이며 지속 가능한 교통 시스템을 달성하는 데 기여하는 논문이다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.600-607
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• 2006

For the effective operation of manufacturing system, FMS(Flexible Manufacturing System) and CIM(Computer Integrated Manufacturing) system are developed. In these systems, a machine tool is the target of integration in last 3 decades. In nowadays, the conventional concept of machine tools is changing to the autonomous manufacturing device based on knowledge-evolution through applying advanced information technology in which open architecture controller, high speed network and internet technology are contained. In this environment, a machine tool is not the target of integration but the subject of cooperation. In the future, a machine tool will be more improved in the form of a knowledge-evolution based device. In order to develop the knowledge-evolution based machine tools, this paper proposes the structure of knowledge evolution in M2M(Machine To Machine) and the scheme of a dialogue agent among agent-based modules such as a sensory module, a dialogue module, and an expert system. The dialogue agent has a role of interfacing with another machine for cooperation. To design the dialogue agent module in M2M environment, FIPA-OS and ping agent based on FIPA-OS are analyzed in this study. Through this, it is expected that the dialogue agent module can be more efficiently designed and the knowledge-evolution based machine tools can be hereafter more easily implemented.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2021

Since the technical realization of self-aligned planar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors in 1960s, semiconductor manufacturing has aggressively pursued scaling that fruitfully resulted in tremendous advancement in device performances and realization of features sizes smaller than 10 nm. Due to many intrinsic material and technical obstacles, continuing the scaling progress of semiconductor devices has become increasingly arduous. As an effort to circumvent the areal limit, stacking devices in a three-dimensional fashion has been suggested. This approach is commonly called monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) integration. In this work, we examined technical issues that need to be addressed and overcome to fully realize energy efficiency, short latency and cost competency. Full-fledged M3D technologies are expected to contribute to various new fields of artificial intelligence, autonomous gadgets and unknowns, which are to be discovered.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.246-260
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• 2023

With the advent of COVID-19, the world economy has undergone enormous losses and unprecedented crises. Moreover, this pandemic has put a significant effect on all business organizations, comprising the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector. MSMEs have been continuing to develop business strategies and are eager to compete in the market. The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the full focus of MSMEs from 'business growth' to 'business survival' worldwide. E-commerce readiness plays a crucial role in a time of uncertainty and crisis during COVID-19 and affects the durability and sustainability of the business. This study attempts to study the readiness of online business and "E-commerce" adoption of MSMEs and its contribution to economic growth by utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques in the case of India. We use content analysis to determine the readiness of online business and Ecommerce in the post COVID-19 period. The result highlights the specific issues of this sector such as the shortage of resources and disruptions in the supply chain & logistical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative analysis discloses that almost half of the respondents adopt online platforms along with additional challenges to sustain their business during the pandemic. This study utilizes annual time series data for the period from 1973-74 to 2017-18 to understand the long-run relationship between India's GDP and MSMEs units. By utilizing the co-integration technique, this study reveals that there is a long-run relationship between MSME units and the economic growth of this country.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1863-1872
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• 2006

In FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) and CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing), machine-tools have been the target of integration in the last three decades. The conventional concept of integration is being changed into the autonomous manufacturing device based on the knowledge evolution by applying advanced information technology in which an open architecture controller, high-speed network and internet technology are included. In the advanced environment, the machine-tools is not the target of integration anymore, but has been the key subject of cooperation. In the near future, machine-tools will be more improved in the form of a knowledge-evolutionary intelligent device. The final goal of this study is to develop an intelligent machine having knowledge-evolution capability and a management system based on internet operability. The knowledge-evolutionary intelligent machine-tools is expected to gather knowledge autonomically, by producing knowledge, understanding knowledge, reasoning knowledge, making a new decision, dialoguing with other machines, etc. The concept of the knowledge-evolutionary intelligent machine is originated from the machine control being operated by human experts' sense, dialogue and decision. The structure of knowledge evolution in M2M (Machine to Machine) and the scheme for a dialogue agent among agent-based modules such as a sensory agent, a dialogue agent and an expert system (decision support agent) are presented in this paper, with intent to develop the knowledge-evolutionary machine-tools. The dialogue agent functions as an interface for inter-machine cooperation. To design the dialogue agent module in an M2M environment, FIPA (Foundation of Intelligent Physical Agent) standard platform and the ping agent based on FIPA are analyzed in this study. In addition, the dialogue agent is designed and applied to recommend cutting conditions and thermal error compensation in a tapping machine. The knowledge-evolutionary machine-tools are expected easily implemented on the basis of this study and shows a good assistance to sensory and decision support agents.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.490-500
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• 2011

The paradigm that ships are navigated by means of analog navigation devices and caption's experiences is shifted to that ships can be navigated by digital and autonomous navigation systems due to the rapid development of electronics and communication technologies. Hence, all systems deployed in a ship are automated and integrated since corresponding ship systems are not individually operated but integrated and managed under common operating system. In this paper, we overview recent research projects targeted for digitally integrated ships (referred to as digital ships), outline IEC 61162 series, specifying digital interface standards for digital ships, and finally present several issues for further improvement of the IEC 61162 series. In addition, we broadly categorize digital ships into three systems consisting of multiple sub-systems, including a navigation system, a power system, and a automation system in the aspect of operation and function. Corresponding interfacing range and method, as well as interface specification and data types of one system in a digital ship are also described according to sub-systems, respectively.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.294-304
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate objectively measured physical activity (PA) in institutionalized older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to elucidate the influence of autonomic nervous function, salivary cortisol, and PA on cognitive functions based on neurovisceral integration model. Methods: Overall cognitive function was evaluated using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and executive function was evaluated using semantic verbal fluency test and clock drawing test. Actigraph for PA, HRV and sAA for autonomous function, and the geriatric depression scale for depression were used. Saliva specimens were collected in the morning for sAA and cortisol. Results: Ninety-eight older adults from four regional geriatric hospitals participated in the study. They took 4,499 steps per day on average. They spent 753.93 minutes and 23.12 minutes on average in sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous activity, respectively. In the multiple regression analysis, lower salivary cortisol level (β = - .33, p = .041) and greater step counts (β = .37, p = .029) significantly improved MMSE score. Greater step count (β = .27, p = .016) also exerted a significant influence on verbal fluency, and greater sAA (β= .35, p = .026) was significantly associated with a better clock drawing test result. Conclusion: Salivary cortisol, sAA and physical activity were significantly associated with cognitive functions. To prevent older adults from developing dementia, strategies are needed to increase their overall PA amount by decreasing sedentary time and to decrease salivary cortisol for cognitive function, and to maintain their sympathetic nervous activity for executive function.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2005

Five day old cotyledon explants of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) cv Poinsett 76 were cocultivated with two Agrobacterium strains (EHA105 and LBA 4404) each carrying GUS as the reporter gene and npt-II as the selection marker gene in the T-DNA region of the vector. Transformed shoots were selected at 150 mg/L kanamycin. A two day cocultivation coupled with $20\;{\mu}M$ acetosyringone increased the frequency (8.2 and 15.4 shoots) of GUS expression in the shoots of transformed plant. Among the two Agrobacterium strains, EHA 105 performed better than LBA 4404 in bringing two-fold increase in transformation efficiency (14%) than LBA 4404 (7.4%). PCR analysis was done to confirm the integration of T-DNA into cucumber genome.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2731-2736
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• 2003

In highly informative, perception-rich environments that we call Omniscient Spaces, robots interact with physical objects which in turn afford robots the information showing how the objects should be manipulated. Object manipulation is commonly believed one of the most basic tasks in robot applications. However, no approaches including visual servoing seem satisfactory in unstructured environments such as our everyday life. Thus, in Omniscient Spaces, the features of the environments embed themselves in every entity, allowing robots to easily identify and manipulate unknown objects. To achieve this end, we propose a new paradigm of the interaction through Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The aim of this paper is to learn about RFID and investigate how it works in object manipulation. Specifically, as an innovative trial for autonomous, real-time manipulation, a likely mobile robot equipped with an RFID system is developed. Details on the experiments are described together with some preliminary results.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-59
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• 2020

China's increasing trade volume and continuous integration with global financial markets have strengthened the influences of the renminbi on the exchange rates of different currencies. Previous studies find closer co-movements between the renminbi and other currencies. This paper is novel to investigate the underlying determinants of the co-movement further, using panel data of over thirty-four countries. Our results show that stronger bilateral trade and financial linkages with China have a positive association with the currency co-movement. Moreover, countries with greater flexibility in exchange rate regimes show stronger co-movements. These findings imply that growing co-movements are the consequence of autonomous decisions at the market rather than that of management by governments or central banks.