• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify clinical usefulness of Wide Beam Reconstruction (WBR) which is called Xpress.cardiac$^{TM}$ to confirm the agreement between segmental perfusion and regional wall motion in myocardium compared to conventional OSEM method. Materials and Methods: Subjects were separated two groups. First group was composed of 20 normal control group. Second group was composed of 10 patients (abnormal group) who had coronary artery disease. Subjects underwent myocardial perfusion SPECT ($^{201}Tl$ rest and $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI stress). Image acquisition and reconstruction were that rest stage was each step per 30, 15 seconds and stress stage was each step per 25, 13 seconds, OSEM and WBR methods were applied. Segmental perfusion and regional wall motion were applied 20-segment model of QPS, QGS algorithm in AutoQuant. Status of perfusion was composed of 5 point scoring system (0=normal, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe hypokinesia, 4=dyskinesia). Status of regional wall motion was also composed of 5 point scoring (0=normal, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe hypokinesia, 4=dyskinesia). We evaluated the agreement between conventional OSEM and WBR through automatic quantification value. Results: The agreement of rest segmental perfusion between conventional OSEM and WBR in normal patients was 99% (396/400, k=0.662, p<0.0001) and one of rest regional wall motion was 83.8% (335/400, k=0.283), the agreement of stress segmental perfusion was 95.8%(383/400, k=0.656), one of stress regional wall motion was 87.3% (349/400, k=0.390). The match rate of rest segmental perfusion in abnormal patients was 83% (166/200, k=0.605, p<0.0001) and one of rest regional wall motion was 55.5% (111/200, k=0.385), the agreement of stress segmental perfusion was 79.5% (159/200, k=0.682), one of stress regional wall motion was 63.5% (127/200, k=0.486). Conclusion: Compared to conventional OSEM, WBR method had a good agreement of segmental perfusion in myocardium in normal and abnormal groups. However regional wall motion showed meaningful low agreement. Although WBR offers high resolution and contrast ratio, it is not useful method for gated myocardial perfusion SPECT.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2020

This study aims to quantify the uncertainty that can be induced by the objective function when calibrating SWAT parameters using SWAT-CUP. SWAT model was constructed to estimate runoff in Naesenong-cheon, which is the one of mid-watershed in Nakdong River basin, and then automatic calibration was performed using eight objective functions (R², bR², NS, MNS, KGE, PBIAS, RSR, and SSQR). The optimum parameter sets obtained from each objective function showed different ranges, and thus the corresponding hydrologic characteristics of simulated data were also derived differently. This is because each objective function is sensitive to specific hydrologic signatures and evaluates model performance in an unique way. In other words, one objective function might be sensitive to the residual of the extreme value, so that well produce the peak value, whereas ignores the average or low flow residuals. Therefore, the hydrological similarity between the simulated and measured values was evaluated in order to select the optimum objective function. The hydrologic signatures, which include not only the magnitude, but also the ratio of the inclining and declining time in hydrograph, were defined to consider the timing of the flow occurrence, the response of watershed, and the increasing and decreasing trend. The results of evaluation were quantified by scoring method, and hence the optimal objective functions for SWAT parameter calibration were determined as MNS (342.48) and SSQR (346.45) with the highest total scores.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.486-498
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• 2018

This study is a descriptive research study conducted to provide useful preliminary data that is helpful for self-initiated learning through a preference trend-based learning method by analyzing the personality types of university students in an area. In this study, the self-administered MBTI form $M^{(R)}$ test was performed on 695 students of 10 departments at K University, from September 18 to 22, 2017, using an automatic scoring system. Collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square test, using the SPSS Win 22.0 Program, to sort the target students into one of 16 different personality types and examine psychological function and temperament by their personality. Differences in personality type preference by gender were as follows: for judging function, the male students had a strong preference for the T type (thinking type) while the female students showed a high preference for the F type (feeling type), and in the case of the pattern of behavior and lifestyle, the male students and the female students had a strong preference for the P type (perceiving type) and the J type (judging type), respectively. In addition, there were significant differences for each major and each department in personality type, psychological function and temperament. In conclusion, personality type was found to vary by gender, major and department. It would be necessary to develop a manual for learning methods reflecting individual preference.