• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

1. Objectives The Face is an important standard for the classification of Sasang Constitutions. We are developing 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) to analyse the facial characteristics. This apparatus show us 3D image and data of man's face and measure facial figure data. So We should examine the Measurement of Facial Figure data error of 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) in Software Error Analysis. 2. Methods We scanned face status by using 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA). And we measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data by Facial Measurement program. 2.1 Repeatability test We measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data restored by 3D-AFRA by Facial Measurement program 10 times. Then we compared 10 results each other for repeatability test. 2.2 Measurement error test We measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data by two different measurement program that are Facial Measurement program and Rapidform2006. At measuring lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters, we uses two measurement way. The one is straight line measurement, the other is curved line measurement. Then we compared results measured by Facial Measurement program with results measured by Rapidform2006. 3. Results and Conclusions In repeatability test, standard deviation of results is 0.084-0.450mm. And in straight line measurement error test, the average error 0.0582mm, and the maximum error was 0.28mm. In curved line measurement error test, the average error 0.413mm, and the maximum error was 1.53mm. In conclusion, we assessed that the accuracy and repeatability of Facial Measurement program is considerably good. From now on we complement accuracy of 3D-AFRA in Hardware and Software.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2018

Ensuring the quality of molds is one of the major issues in mass production. In general, securing the quality of the molds is achieved by repeating grinding and die spotting after machining the molds based on engineer's decision. However, this heuristic method is affected by the engineer's skill and working environment. Therefore, a lot of time and resources are needed in order to ensure quality. In this study, ensuring the quality of molds using grinding map which is generated using automatic measurement is proposed. An automatic measuring system based on CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is developed for measuring the molds. This system generates the measurement path automatically using the 3D CAD model of products. CAD (ComputerAided-Design), CAM (Computer-Aided-Manufacturing), and CAQ (Computer-Aided-Quality) technology is integrated using DMIS (Dimensional Measuring Interface Standard) format in the automatic measuring system. After measuring the molds, a grinding map is generated using the gap between the CAD model and measured values of mold. The grinding map displays the machining tendency and the required amount of grinding with values on a 3D map. Therefore, the quality of molds can be ensured with exactness and quickness based on the grinding map. This study shows that integrating the planning, measuring, and analyzing based on computer technology can solve the problem of quality assurance of mold using the proposed method, therefore the productivity can be increased.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1996

Basically, the idea underlying most edge-detection technique is the computation of a local derivative operator used for edge detection in gray level image. This concept can be easily illustrated with the aid of object which shows an image of a simple lilght on a dark background, Using the gray level profile along a horizontal scan line of the image. the first and second derivatives of it were acquired. This study is to develop an automatic measuring system based on the digital image processing which can be applied to the real time measurement of the characteristics of the ultra-thin thickness. The experimental results indicate that the developed automatic inspection can be applied in real situation.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2022

Minimizing the backlash of gears and reducers is important for their proper and precise functioning. In this study, an automatic backlash measuring system was developed for the mass production and quality control of a military-grade reducer. The developed automatic backlash measurement system eliminates human error during the backlash measurement process. It also reduces the manufacturing time and digitizes the backlash number. The system was tested for an aircraft machine gun control reducer that required low-torque and high-precision conditions. The test results show that the torque range was 0.820-4.788 Nm. The maximum torque error is less than 0.231 N·m at 2.943 N·m, and 1.2 arcmin of the maximum backlash error with ± 0.3 arcmin of repeatability. The developed system satisfies all required conditions: torque of 1-3 Nm, torque accuracy within ± 0.5 N·m, and backlash accuracy of ± 3 arcmin.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1587-1593
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• 2022

Purpose. This study was to investigate the degree of refractive error that occurs depending on the measurement location of the subject when performing a refraction test using the automatic refractor. Methods. When performing the auto-refraction test, measurements were taken while increasing the distance between the forehead and the forehead rest, and the measurements were made by tilting the head clockwise and counterclockwise. Results. During the auto-refraction test, significant refractive error occurred when the forehead was not attached to the forehead support or the subject's head was turned clockwise or counterclockwise. Conclusions. When performing a refraction test using an automatic refractor, the examiner will have to pay attention to whether the subject's forehead is in close contact with the forehead rest, and whether the head is tilted.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

Purpose : The parameters used in architectural analysis are muscle thickness, fascicle length, pennation angle, etc. Pennation angle is an important muscle characteristic that plays a significant role in determining a fascicle's force contribution to movement. Ultrasonography has been widely used to obtain the image for measurement of a pennation angle since it is non-invasive and real-time. However, manual assessment in ultrasonographic images is time-consuming and subjective, making it difficult for using in muscle function analysis. Thus, in this study, I proposed an automatic method to extract the pennation angle from the ultrasonographic images of gastrocnemius muscle. Method : The ultrasonographic image obtained from 10 healthy participants's gastrocnemius muscle using for developed automatic measuring program. Automatic measuring program algorithm consists with preprocessing, line detection, line classification, and angle calculation. The resulting image was then used to detect the fascicles and aponeuroses for calculating the pennation angle with the consideration of their distribution in ultrasonographic image. Result : The proposed automatic measurement program showed the stable repeatability of pennation angle calculation. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the proposed method was able to automatically measure the pennation angle of gastrocnemius, which made it possible to easily and reliably investigate pennation angle more.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1259-1267
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• 2008

One of the most important item for insuring the stability of ground in urban deep excavation site near by major structure such as subway is displacement control of earth retaining wall. The field monitoring system is classified by two types as manual system and automatic system. The application case of latter type of field monitoring is increased because real time measurement is possible in automatic system and that is correspondent with the recent constructional trend. Though the automatic monitoring system is more useful and advanced than manual monitoring system, accuracy of the system is not verified sufficiently. It was examined that the reliance of automatic monitoring system in this paper through the comparison of monitoring result obtained one of deep urban excavation site in which the each type of monitoring system was executed concurrently. Result of the examination is that the two types of monitoring system is generally alike in view of monitoring result, so the engineering reliance of automatic system was confirmed in case site. This study was researched in restricted one case site, so it is expected more precise analysis from security of more data monitored and progressive study.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.52-58
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• 1988

This study was conducted to develop a grain moisture content measurement sensor for automatic control of rough rice drying by natural air. For the above objective, the electrod type sensor was designed and tested. The sensor was able to produce electrical resistance which changes with moisture content of grain. An A/D converter and a micro-computer wed for processing measurement data of sensor. The developed sensor satisfied most design requirements and the results of statistical analysis show that there it no difference between the measurement method of sensor developed and of the dry-oven. Using the developed sensor and measurement system, we are able to measure moisture content of rough rice automatically in drying by natural air.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2010

1. Objectives Our goal is to observe the feasibility of constitution discrimination from computing quantitative roughness index from dynamic friction coefficients and their gradients with the measurement device of skin friction with 3-Axis load cell sensor. 2. Methods In the traditional Korean medicine, skin diagnosis is one of the examination methods to discriminate Sasang constitution since it was known that Tae-eumin has rough skin, and Soyangin has smooth one. It is based on the skin roughness on the back of one's hand for the discrimination. The measurement device of skin friction with 3-axis load cell sensor has been developed in order to provide quantitative skin roughness through dynamic friction coefficients. The effective interval of the coefficients is obtained from the automatic sampling algorithm to use their curvature and slope. Then, Fisher's discriminant function of them makes the discrimination. 3. Results The success rate of extracting the effective interval was about 90% and the discriminant accuracy between Tae-eumin and Soyangin was 70% and 68% for men and women, respectively. The entire methods showed the possibility to distinguish between Tae-eumin and Soyangin by using stochastic properties of roughness index, which can make the entire system to include the measurement, the computation of the roughness index and the discrimination of constitution automatical. 4. Conclusions The measurement device, the automatic sampling algorithm of dynamic friction coefficients and the constitution discrimination algorithm were developed, respectively, and their combination can become the serial and automatic procedure for quantitative and objective skin diagnosis, which mimics the movement of the Oriental medical doctors' skin diagnosis. It can be applied to healthcare as well as the diagnosis of constitution in a u-Health system soon.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2002

To develop an automatic detecting system of body temperature of dairy cattle while milking, measurement of the temperature of mammary skin using three thermometers attached into the lining of teat cup was carried out for 23 dairy cattle, whereas measurement of the temperature of milk while milking was also performed for 263 animals. For the latter experiment, three thermometers were attached at 10cm(left and right) and 20 cm away from an individual milk collector on the milk transporting hose. Taking the rectal temperature was accompanied all the time for the experiments. The measurement of the temperature of mammary skin using teat cup was successful for 11 of 23 dairy cattle(47.8%) and the mean temperature was $33.5^{\circ}C$ with the mean difference of $5.2^{\circ}C$ from the mean rectal temperature. The measurement of the temperature of milk using the thermometers onto the milk transporting hose while milking was very successful , From 37.3 to $38.4^{\circ}C$ of rectal temperature, the temperature of milk was almost the same and from 38.5 to $39.5^{\circ}C$ of rectal temperature, the temperature of milk tended to be low with the difference of 0.1$^{\circ}C$. From 39.6 to $41^{\circ}C$ of rectal temperature, the temperature of milk tended to be low with the difference of $0.2-0.6^{\circ}C$. These results indicated that automatic detection of body temperature whether low or high can be possible if the temperature of milk is taken while milking and if it is connected to the integration system by on-line.