• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

This study is performed to develop an automatic irrigation control of system for effective water management in greenhouse. The automatic irrigation control system is composed of an IR-RED optical sensor in tensiometer and an One-chip micro controller. The following results are obtained : 1. A practical IR-RED optical sensor in tensiometer, which shows the starting point of irrigation, was developed. 2. The automatic irrigation system with the optical sensor and One-chip micro controller was developed and also designed to be able to combine with the control system for temperature, curtain opening, etc. 3. A multiple irrigation control system for several greenhouses were suggested. 4. The results of the system test with the driving program for automatic water management were excellent.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.252-252
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• 2017

Nowadays water shortage is becoming one of the biggest problems in the Korea. Many different methods are developed for conservation of water. Soil water management has become the most indispensable factor for augmenting the crop productivity especially on soybean (Glycine max L.) because of their high susceptibility to both water stress and water logging at various growth stages. The farmers have been using irrigation techniques through manual control which farmers irrigate lands at regular intervals. Automatic irrigation systems are convenient, especially for those who need to travel. If automatic irrigation systems are installed and programmed properly, they can even save you money and help in water conservation. Automatic irrigation systems can be programmed to provide automatic irrigation to the plants which helps in saving money and water and to discharge more precise amounts of water in a targeted area, which promotes water conservation. The objective of this study was to determine the possible effect of automatic irrigation systems based on soil moisture on soybean growth. This experiment was conducted on an upland field with sandy loam soils in Department of Southern Area Crop, NICS, RDA. The study had three different irrigation methods; sprinkle irrigation (SI), surface drip irrigation (SDI) and fountain irrigation (FI). SI was installed at spacing of $7{\times}7m$ and $1.8m^3/hr$ as square for per irrigation plot, a lateral pipe of SDI was laid down to 1.2 m row spacing with $2.3L\;h^{-1}$ discharge rate, the distance between laterals was 20 cm spacing between drippers and FI was laid down in 3m interval as square for per irrigation plot. Soybean (Daewon) cultivar was sown in the June $20^{th}$, 2016, planted in 2 rows of apart in 1.2 m wide rows and distance between hills was 20 cm. All agronomic practices were done as the recommended cultivation. This automatic irrigation system had valves to turn irrigation on/off easily by automated controller, solenoids and moisture sensor which were set the reference level as available soil moisture levels of 30% at 10cm depth. The efficiency of applied irrigation was obtained by dividing the total water stored in the effective root zone to the applied irrigation water. Results showed that seasonal applied irrigation water amounts were $60.4ton\;10a^{-1}$ (SI), $47.3ton\;10a^{-1}$ (SDI) and $92.6 ton\;10a^{-1}$ (FI), respectively. The most significant advantage of SDI system was that water was supplied near the root zone of plants drip by drip. This system saved a large quantity of water by 27.5% and 95.6% compared to SI, FI system. The average soybean yield was significantly affected by different irrigation methods. The soybean yield by different irrigation methods were $309.7kg\;10a^{-1}$ from SDI $282.2kg\;10a^{-1}$ from SI, $289.4kg\;10a^{-1}$ from FI, and $206.3kg\;10a^{-1}$ from control, respectively. SDI resulted in increase of soybean yield by 50.1%, 7.0% 9.8% compared to non-irrigation (control), FI and SI, respectively. Therefore, the automatic irrigation system supplied water only when the soil moisture in the soil went below the reference. Due to the direct transfer of water to the roots water conservation took place and also helped to maintain the moisture to soil ratio at the root zone constant. Thus the system is efficient and compatible to changing environment. The automatic irrigation system provides with several benefits and can operate with less manpower. In conclusion, improving automatic irrigation system can contribute greatly to reducing production costs of crops and making the industry more competitive and sustainable.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2024

This study aims to contribute to efficient paddy field water management by developing an IoT-based automatic paddy inlet that can consider water level changes according to variations in the supplied water quantity through irrigation channels. This IoT-based automatic paddy inlet not only ensures water level changes based on the supply of irrigation water but also secures irrigation efficiency. The effectiveness and efficiency of the developed IoT-based automatic paddy inlet were presented to contribute to efficient paddy field water management. As a result, the IoT-based automatic paddy inlet demonstrated the capability to maintain the optimal water level in the paddy field. Particularly, it exhibited up to 18.4% higher water resource usage efficiency compared to conventional paddy inlet, emphasizing the IoT-based automatic paddy inlet's advantage in terms of water resource usage.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.288-298
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• 1995

In greenhouse vegetable, the automatic control in cultivating environment has been projected as a national business ; especially a countermeasure against the settlement of UR negotiation. Because it makes possible to manage a large greenhouse with family-hands and to expect the betterment of quality and the increasement of harvest in crops. In the course of carrying the workout, however, there are many problems with the overall control system with computers as well as the individual systems for environment control because of hardware and software problems : especially the shortage of data for development of the system is most serious. Among the many problems for development of the automatic control system, the automations of irrigation, liquefied fertilizer and chemical solution, mixing and ventilation, etc and the development of the general automatic controller system for environment control in greenhouse are studied, which requires a lot of tabors. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. In moisture control by the soil moisture meter, the error was shown 10 % in the beginning irrigation point and 19 % in the stop irrigation point. 2. The supply of liquefied fertilizers with the irrigation system was excellent by setting the operating time and the mixing ratio. 3. The developed chemical spraying system was operated well, but not perfect in nozzle positions. 4. The cucumber was cultivated properly with the trickle irrigation system. 5. The developed controller for the automatic control system in greenhouse was remarkable in the part of hardware, but more researches are needed in the part of software.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.36-46
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• 2000

An automatic inlet and a semi automatic inlet were developed for the optimal supply of irrigation water in the paddy field. The automatic inlet checks the water level in the paddy field and operates automatically by combination of two floats. In case of t

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to develop a computer operated automatic drip irrigation system for application in vinyl-house cultivation. The results can be summarized as follows: 1) The T-type ice compensation wire was used to measure the temperature. The voltage level measured up to 0.02 volt was used as input to an 8-bit A/D converter. 2) A specially devised tensiometer was used to content the watering system. When the needle of the pressure gauge reaches the lower threshold position it turns on the pumping system and turns off when it reaches higher threshold position. 3) In order to use the multiple gypsum blocks for one transducer, reed relays and a D/O board were used to make the sequential switching possible. 4) It was possible to automate the trickle irrigation system for the whole growth period of vinyl-house crops with the help of microcomputer. 5) In terms of furrow irrigation, the irrigation water consumption was the smallest, 2.8 times less than conventional method of surface trickle irrigation, 3.4 times less than subsurface trickle irrigation method. 6) In terms of productivity of cucumber, there was a drop in productivity when compared to furrow irrigation method, 7.2% for surface trickle irrigation, 27.4% for subsurface irrigation method.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.80-83
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• 2001

In this study, we investigated irrigation effect for the paddy plot irrigated by pipeline with two types of hydrants: automatic and manual. The automatic hydrant have been introduced to the paddy field to save water and reduce the labor for water management. The automatic hydrant is automatically opened and closed according to the water depth of a paddy plot. The water management labor to close manual hydrant in the afternoon of every three days can be eliminated when we use the automatic hydrant. The water requirements for the automatic hydrant plot 3.26mm/d are much less than those for manual hydrant plot 9.99mm/d.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

KRC (Korea Rural Community Corporation) is in charge of about 3,400 agricultural reservoirs out of 17,240 agricultural reservoirs, and automatic water level gauges in reservoirs and canals were installed to collect reservoir and canal water level data from 2010. In this study, 10-minute water level data of 173 reservoir irrigation canals from 2016 to 2018 are collected, and discharge during irrigation season was calculated using rating curves. For estimation of water supply, irrigation water requirement was calculated with HOMWRS (Hydrological Operation Model for Water Resources System), and the summation of reservoir water storage decrease was calculated with daily reservoir storage data from RAWRIS (Rural Agricultural Water Resource Information System). From the results, the total yearly amount of irrigation water supply showed less than 10% difference than the irrigation water requirement. The regional analysis revealed that reservoirs in Jeollanam-do and Chungcheongnam-do supply greater irrigation water than average. On the contrary, reservoirs in Gyeongsangnam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do supply less than others. This study was conducted with a limited number of reservoirs compared to total agricultural reservoirs. Nevertheless, it can indicate irrigation water supply from agricultural reservoirs to provide information about agricultural water use for irrigation.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 육묘장에서 인력 또는 관행 자동관수장치의 활용도 조사를 통해 관수장치의 문제점과 그 개선점을 파악하여 균일관수가 가능한 스마트 관수장치를 개발하고 그 성능을 분석하였다. 자동관수와 인력관수의 평균 관수량은 각각 28.7±4.4g과 14.2±4.3g으로 두 조건 모두 변동계수가 30% 이내로 균일관수로 판단할 수 있다. 그렇지만 변동계수가 30%인 인력관수에 비해 자동관수는 15%로 균일도가 높았다. 개발된 균일관수장치에 탑재된 분사각이 80°인 노즐은 이론상 600mm 높이에서 가장 균일한 것으로 분석되었고, 균일관수 장치를 이용한 관수시험 결과 중앙부의 관수 균일도는 평균 대비 20% 이내이지만 가장자리부는 중앙부에 비해 50% 이상 관수량이 적었다. 균일관수장치를 활용한 토마토 접목묘 재배시험 결과, 시험기간 10일간 중앙부는 초장이 평균 72mm 생장한 데 비해 가장자리부는 평균 28mm 생장하여 가장자리부에 대한 추가 관수가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 가장자리부 추가 관수장치를 부착하여 관수할 경우 중앙부에 비해 가장자리부의 관수량은 50% 이상이었으며, 중앙부에서는 분사각의 겹침으로 인하여 관수량의 차이는 발생하였으나, 그 차이는 30% 이내였다. 가장자리 집중관수 시스템 활용 시 각 지점별 생장 차이는 있으나, 10일간 생육을 비교하면 양측 가장자리의 평균 생장률은 24%, 중앙부의 평균 생장률은 26%인 점을 고려하면 균일관수장치에 비해 생장 균일도가 높았다. 모종의 초장 균일도 향상을 위해서는 관수장치의 진행방향에 거리센서를 설치하여 작물의 생장에 따라 관수장치의 높이를 조절이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.703-718
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• 2021

An irrigation monitoring system is an efficient approach to save water and to provide effective irrigation scheduling for rice cultivation in desert soils. This research aimed to design, fabricate, and evaluate the basic performance of an irrigation monitoring system based on information and communication technology (ICT) for rice cultivation under drip and micro-sprinkler irrigation in desert soils using a Raspberry Pi. A data acquisition system was installed and tested inside a rice cultivating net house at the United Arab Emirates University, Al-Foah, Al-Ain. The Raspberry Pi operating system was used to control the irrigation and to monitor the soil water content, ambient temperature, humidity, and light intensity inside the net house. Soil water content sensors were placed in the desert soil at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm. A sensor-based automatic irrigation logic circuit was used to control the actuators and to manage the crop irrigation operations depending on the soil water content requirements. A developed webserver was used to store the sensor data and update the actuator status by communicating via the Pi-embedded Wi-Fi network. The maximum and minimum average soil water contents, ambient temperatures, humidity levels, and light intensity values were monitored as 33.91 ± 2 to 26.95 ± 1%, 45 ± 3 to 24 ± 3℃, 58 ± 2 to 50 ± 4%, and 7160-90 lx, respectively, during the experimental period. The ICT-based monitoring system ensured precise irrigation scheduling and better performance to provide an adequate water supply and information about the ambient environment.