• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2016

최근 국내외에서 3차원 설계 및 건설정보모델링(BIM, Building Information Modeling)에 대한 관심이 증가하고 토목 구조물의 3차원 설계와 물량 산출 방법에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 도로나 철도의 교량 및 터널과 같은 구조물 중심의 설계 및 물량 산출에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되고 있지만 토공이 중심인 공정에 대한 물량 산출 방안 및 그 결과에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원 지표면과 최종 토공면을 불규칙한 경우와 일정한 경사를 가진 경우로 구분하여, 3차원 설계를 진행하였다. 3차원 설계 및 물량 산출 결과 2차원 설계에서 적용되는 양단면 평균법에 대하여 복합토량법이 최대 5%정도 오차가 발생하는 것으로 나타나 3차원 설계에 대한 물량 산출방법 적용시 주의가 필요하며, 산출 결과와 함께 산출 방법도 같이 명기되어야 할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.73-92
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• 2016

건축물 설계품질 및 생산성을 향상시키기 위한 다양한 BIM기반 실증적 연구 개발이 진행중이며, 인허가단계 전후로 건축법규 자동검토에 관한 연구 및 개발도 그 중 하나이다. 해당 연구 개발의 성과물 중 하나로써, 건축물 설계 적법성 자동검토를 위해 자연어로 기술된 건축법을 컴퓨터에서 실행 가능한 룰셋(KBimCode)으로 변환하는 메커니즘(KBimLogic)이 개발되었다. KBimCode는 표준성 및 중립성을 지향하며, 한국 건축법뿐만 아니라 타 국가의 건축법규나 설계지침서, 제안 요청서 등 다양한 설계 요구사항으로의 확대 적용이 가능하도록 개발되었다. 본 연구는 KBimCode를 타 국가 건축 법규로 확대 적용하여 그 표준성과 중립성 및 응용가능성을 검증하는것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 중국의 피난방화에 관한 건축법규를 대상으로, KBimCode 생성 메커니즘의 핵심인 논리규칙체계화의 세 가지 구성요소(객체속성, 함수, 문장 내외 관계)에 따라 구체적인 분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 다양한 중국 건축법규 문장을 KBimCode로 변환할 수 있었으며, 변환의 과정 중 다음을 도출할 수 있었다: 1) 건물 객체 및 그에 따른 속성에 대한 정의는 각 국가마다 상이하므로, 이를 고려한 객체 정의 및 속성 처리 방법이 필요하며, 2) 일부 문장은 서술부 및 문장 관계를 처리하기 위하여 새로운 함수 및 관계 유형 정의가 필요하며, 이는 KBimCode의 표준화된 함수 및 관계 유형 도출 규칙 안에서 확장 가능하다. 본 연구를 통해 전혀 새로운 대상의 변환과정에서의 문제점 등을 해결하는 과정을 통해 KBimCode의 가능성을 일부 검증하였으며, 다양한 대상 확대를 통해 표준적이고 국제적인 응용이 기대된다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1130-1137
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• 2022

The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) provides standardized product models for the building construction domain. However, the current IFC schema has limited representation for infrastructure. Several studies have examined the data schema for road and highway modeling, but not in a sufficiently comprehensive and robust manner to facilitate the overall integrated project delivery of road projects. Several discussions have focused on slope engineering for road projects, but no solution has been provided regarding the formalized parametric modeling up to now. Iterative design, analysis, and modification are observed during the process of slope design for road projects. The practitioners need to carry out the stability analysis to consider different road design alternatives, including horizontal, vertical, and cross-section designs. The procedure is neither formalized nor automated. Thus, there is a need to develop the formal representation of the product and process of slope analysis for road design. The objective of this research is to develop a formal representation (i.e., an IFC extension data schema) for slope analysis. It consists of comprehensive information required for slope analysis in a structured manner. The deliverable of this study contributes to both the formal representation of infrastructure development and, further, the automated process of slope design for road projects.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Since the 1960s, the Korean Peninsula, which consists of 77.4 of the country's land and mountains, has seen a surge in demand for buildings due to population concentration due to urbanization and industrialization. Since then, the development of slopes has been inevitable due to the concentration and expansion of the city's population. When building a building on a slope, it is important to set the height of the surface. In this case, the means of regulating buildings in construction-related laws, such as the building closure ratio, floor area ratio, number of floors and total floor area of buildings, have an overall effect on buildings through the height of the surface. In the Korean Building Act, the setting of the height of the ground affects the calculation of the building height limit standard and the calculation of the underground floor, and it takes a long time to calculate. Therefore, the time required for attempts to change various design plans of buildings increases. The purpose of this study is to speed up the time required to calculate the weighted average of the surface when constructing buildings on slopes. In addition, the existing calculation process allows various design attempts compared to the same time given.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2007

This paper concerns about residential environment analysis program implementation for design and analysis on public housing complexes such that view and daylight analysis processes are automated and integrated into existing design routine to achieve better design efficiency. Considering the architectural design trends this paper chooses ArchiCAD as a platform for a CAD system, which contains the concepts such as integrated object-oriented CAD, virtual building and BIM. Residential environment analysis system consists of three components. The first component is the 3D modeling part defining 3D form information for external geographic contour models, site models and interior/exterior of apartment buildings. The second is the parametric library part handling the design parameters for view and daylight analysis. The last is the user interface for the input/output and integration of data for the environment analysis. Daylight analysis shows rendered images as well as results of daylight reports and grades per time and performs the calculations for floor shadow. It separates the site-only analysis from the analysis of site and exterior environmental parameters. View analysis considers horizontal and vertical view angles to produce view image from each unit and uses the bitmap analysis method to determine opening ratio, scenery ratio and void ratio. We could expect better performance and precision from this residential environment analysis system than the existing 2D drawing based view and daylight analysis methods and overcome the existing one-way flow of design information from 3D form to analysis reports so that site design modifications are automatically reflected on analysis results. Each part is developed in a module so that further integration and extension into other related estimation and construction management systems are made possible.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 10th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.558-565
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• 2024

This paper presents the development of an optimization framework for road slope design. Recognizing the limitations of current manual stability analysis methods, which are time-consuming, are error-prone, and suffer from data mismatches, this study proposes a systematic approach to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and ensure the safety of infrastructure projects. The framework addresses the subjectivity inherent in engineers' decision-making process by formalizing decision variables, constraints, and objective functions to minimize costs while ensuring safety and environmental considerations. The necessity of this framework is embodied by the review of existing literature, which reveals a trend toward specialization within sub-disciplines of road design; however, a gap remains in addressing the complexities of road slope design through an integrated optimization approach. A genetic algorithm (GA) is employed as a fundamental optimization tool due to its well-established mechanisms of selection, crossover, and mutation, which are suitable for evolving road slope designs toward optimal solutions. An automated batch analysis process supports the GA, demonstrating the potential of the proposed framework. Although the framework focuses on the design optimization of single cross-section road slopes, the implications extend to broader applications in civil engineering practices. Future research directions include refining the GA, expanding the decision variables, and empirically validating the framework in real-world scenarios. Ultimately, this research lays the groundwork for more comprehensive optimization models that could consider multiple cross-sections and contribute to safer and more cost-effective road slope designs.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.701-708
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• 2017

건축공사는 설계단계에서 도면을 바탕으로 예상되는 비용이 산정되며, 소요예산의 책정과 예산에 합당한 효율적 공사 방안을 찾게 된다. 정확한 물량산출과 예산책정은 공사의 수익성 여부를 판단하는 척도 중 하나로 매우 중요하다. 하지만 이러한 과정이 대부분 인력이나 2D 도면에 의존하여 수행되기 때문에 오차가 발생하기 쉬웠고, 자동화가 가능한 BIM(Build Information Modeling) 프로그램은 매우 고가이기 때문에 현장에서 적용하기 어려운 시점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 3차원 모델링 소프트웨어인 스케치업을 이용하여 3D 건축모델링을 수행하고, 물량산출을 할 수 있는 방법론을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 건축물의 2D 도면을 이용하여 효과적으로 3D 모델링을 수행하였으며, 모델링 결과를 기반으로 2D 도면과 3D 모델링을 통한 물량산출의 차이를 산출할 수 있었다. 연구를 통해 스케치업을 활용한 3D 모델링과 물량산출이 기존의 2D 산출식의 오류를 방지할 수 있다는 가능성을 제시하였다. 지속적인 연구를 통해 연구방법의 활용성이 검증된다면 건축 모델링과 물량산출 업무 효율성 증가에 크게 기여할 것이다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.75-84
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• 2020

Modular construction is a construction method whereby prefabricated volumetric units are produced in a factory and are installed on site to form a building block. The construction productivity can be substantially improved by the manufacturing and assembly of standardized modular units. 3D printing is a computer-controlled fabrication method first adopted in the manufacturing industry and was utilized for the automated construction of small-scale houses in recent years. Implementing 3D printing in the fabrication of modular units brings huge benefits to modular construction, including increased customization, lower material waste, and reduced labor work. Such implementation also benefits the large-scale and wider adoption of 3D printing in engineering practice. However, a critical issue for 3D printed modules is the loading capacity, particularly in response to horizontal forces like wind load, which requires a deeper understanding of the building structure behavior and the design of load-bearing modules. Therefore, this paper presents the state-of-the-art literature concerning recent achievement in 3D printing for buildings, followed by discussion on the opportunities and challenges for examining 3D printing in modular construction. Promising 3D printing techniques are critically reviewed and discussed with regard to their advantages and limitations in construction. The appropriate structural form needs to be determined at the design stage, taking into consideration the overall building structural behavior, site environmental conditions (e.g., wind), and load-carrying capacity of the 3D printed modules. Detailed finite element modelling of the entire modular buildings needs to be conducted to verify the structural performance, considering the code-stipulated lateral drift, strength criteria, and other design requirements. Moreover, integration of building information modelling (BIM) method is beneficial for generating the material and geometric details of the 3D printed modules, which can then be utilized for the fabrication.