• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.377-386
• /
• 2010

To identify operating parameters of the up-flow filtering system, which is available to discharge filtering residue after the rain, developed for treatment of urban storm runoff, lab scale test was carried out. Removal efficiency of SS was 68.7%, 62.2%, and 58.6% at the area roading rate of 2.46m/h, 4.68m/h, and 10m/h, respectively, filtering device is desirable to operate at the lower than 4.68m/h of area roading rate to get higher level of 60% SS removal efficiency. The removal efficiency of SS was 57.1% ~ 68.7% at the raw water SS of 100mg/L ~ 600mg/L, and the SS in treated water was maintained at the constant level through the elapsed time. It is indicate that filtering device can guarantee a certain level of effluent water quality at various raw water quality. The removal efficiency of SS to the depth of filter media was 68.3%, 78.6% at the filter depth of 10 cm, 20cm respectively. The final treated water quality was showed 30.2mg/L of CODMn, 1.60mg/L of TN and 0.25mg/L of TP. The average removal efficiencies by filtering device developed in this research were recorded slightly lower levels than other research. The main reason of these results were the first, the filter depth of the media used in this test was shallow, the second, the kind of filter media in discharge port of residue. More research to kind of filter media, filter packing rate, select of media for residue discharge port should be go on to produce optimum operating condition. The result of this study would be valuable for the application of filtration device to control of urban storm water.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2010.11a
• /
• pp.215-217
• /
• 2010

IT융합의 중요성이 강조되고 있는 IT 지식정보화 사회에 지능형 로봇의 발전은 끝없이 연구되고 있다. 미래 인간사회에 로봇이 미치는 영향은 아주 클 것으로 예상하고 있으며, 인간의 실생활과 로봇의 가상공간 세계는 점점 일체화 되어 갈 것으로 예측된다. 따라서 인간은 로봇의 활동과 행동을 좀 더 구체적이고 자세하게 제어할 필요가 있다. 최근 현실세계를 가상공간의 세계로 표현하고자 하는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 가상공간을 활용한 미래의 세상 환경은 점점 많아 질 것으로 예상한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 지능로봇 시뮬레이션 맵 자동생성을 위한 제어 동기화 설계를 연구하였다. 현실세계의 실제 로봇과 가상공간의 시뮬레이션 로봇을 동기화하여 하드웨어 로봇의 움직임에 따라 가상공간의 로봇이 맵을 자동으로 생성시킬 수 있는 방법을 연구하고 설계하여 실험하였다. 실제 로봇의 움직임을 3차원 가상공간으로 자동 생성하게 함으로서, 로봇의 제어를 좀 더 지능화 시킬 수 있을 뿐아니라, 여러 다양한 시뮬레이션 테스트 환경으로 응용할 수 있는 큰 장점이 있다. 또한 로봇을 활용한 가상공간 세계의 시뮬레이션은 미래 인간과 로봇이 함께하는 공존세계에 큰 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2015

Objectives : HPL-1, a novel herbal medicine which is composed of five herbs such as Kalopanacis Cortex, Chaenomelis Fructus, Raphani Semen, Atractylodis Rhizoma and Pulvis Aconiti Tuberis Purificatum, was developed for treatment of osteoarthritis. This study is aimed to develop analytical method for consistent quality control of HPL-1 and validate chromatographic method. Methods : Chromatographic analysis was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) equipped with RP-amide column, column oven, and auto sampler. Marker compounds [protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, liriodendrin, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, ${\beta}$-D-(3-O-sinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-$\alpha$-D-(6-O-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside and benzoylmesaconine] were separated by step gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid/water. The method validation was evaluated by quantitative validation parameters of linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) according to KFDA guideline.Results : An optimized method for six marker compounds in HPL-1 was established by UHPLC-DAD. The correlation coefficient (R²) with each calibration curve was greater than 0.99. The LOD and LOQ were within the range of 0.008-0.090 and $0.023-0.274{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra- and inter-day variability were less than 4.0%. The result of recovery test was range from 93.3-106.3% with RSD < 4.0%.Conclusions : These results suggest that the quantitative UHPLC method is precise, accurate, effective for quality evaluation of HPL-1. The method may also contribute to improve quality of crude drug preparations used for treatment of various diseases.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.968-975
• /
• 2005

The shearing process for the sheet metal is normally used in the precision elements such as semi-conductor components. In these precision elements, the burr formation brings a bad effect on the system assembly and demands the additional de-burring process, so this imposes high cost on manufacturing. In this paper, we have developed the in-situ auto-aligning precision meso-punching system to investigate the burr formation mechanism and ultimately minimize burr. Firstly, we introduced the punch-die contact sensing method to align the punch and the die at initial state prior to the punching process. Secondly, by using the low-price semi-con­ductor laser, burr formed on the edges is measured intermittently during the punching process. We could, finally, make burr on the sheet metal uniformized and minimized by controlling of the precision X - Y table, $1\;{\mu}m$ resolution, and measuring burr height by semiconductor laser. Experimental results show the validity of our system for pursuing the burr-free punched elements.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1998.07b
• /
• pp.678-680
• /
• 1998

Based on fuzzy logic algorithm this paper constructed fuzzy logic controller for automated vehicles. For passenger's convenience especially comfortability controller need to reduce the frequency of input variable's changing. So we established membership functions for comfortability as mil as speed following. It made possible to control comfortability directly. To demonstration the efficiency of fuzzy logic controller, we carried out simulation with a Automobile's transfer function. First, we designed the PID controller by using Ziegler-Nichols tunning method. Second, we calculated time response for each controller, then we compared the speed patterns of fuzzy controlled system and PID controlled system. Also we compared the difference of input variable. By comparing two controller's response, we can confirm the merit of fuzzy controller about comfortability. Fuzzy controller can reduce input changing frequency.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2019

In this research, we suggest a real-time tele-driving system for unmanned drone operations using the LTE communication system. The drone operator is located 180km away and controls the altitude and position of the drone with a 50ms time delay. The motion data and video from the drone is streamed to the operator. The video is played on the operator's head-mounted display (HMD) and the motion data emulates the drone on the simulator for the operator. In general, a drone is operated using RF signal and the maximum distance for direct control is limited to 2km. For long range drone control over 2km, an auto flying mode is enabled using a mission plan along with GPS data. In an emergency situation, the autopilot is stopped and the "return home" function is executed. In this research, the immersion tele-driving system is suggested for drone operation with a 50ms time delay using LTE communication. A successful test run of the suggested tele-driving system has already been performed between an operator in Daejeon and a drone in Inje (Gangwon-Do) which is approximately 180km apart.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.1198-1205
• /
• 2000

Effect of inhibitions of three kinds of Ginkgo biloba extracts(Ginkgo biloba extract, Ginkgolide A, and Ginkgolide B) on induction of reactive oxygen species and release of inflammation mediator arachidonic acid were tested. Three kinds of Ginkgo biloba extracts could not inhibit the pyrogallol auto-oxidation, but they showed the hydrogen atom donating activity in DPPH assay. When 10 ${\mu}M$ hydrogen peroxide and 400 ${\mu}g/mL$ of three kinds of Ginkgo biloba extracts were added to U937 monocytic macrophage, the induction of lipid peroxidation was not observed. The Ginkgo biloba extract showed the most powerful inhibition among the extracts. And only Ginkgolide A was good for the inhibition of the protein degradation. The release of inflammation mediator arachidonic acid was induced by adding TPA and calcimycin to U937. In this assay, even 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ of three different Ginkgo biloba extracts excellently blocked the release of arachidonic acid. Particularly, the inhibition efficiency of Ginkgolide B was about 11 times higher than that of induction, and was about 4 times higher than that of the control of noninduction. This result suggests that the release of arachidonic acid is not inhibited by the antioxidant activity of Ginkgo biloba extracts, but a pre-step of the release of arachidoinc acid is inhibited by Ginkgo biloba extracts.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.54 no.7
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2017

Recently increasing usage of smartphones makes the Internet of Things (IoT) a leading technology that can collect and share data through sensor networks and wireless communication such as low-power Bluetooth (BLE). BLE-based application can provide operators more precise information on Automatic Door system by remotely diagnosing the system faults through wireless sensor networks and sensors around the Automatic Door. In this paper, a smart device with extended BLE module is implemented which can monitor and Control the system states and faults remotely without on-site diagnostic. while maintaining system integrity so that increase efficiency of time and costs for system management. We can use the results of this research as a basis in evaluating reliability of data between devices, extending communication module in Controller of obsolete Door systems, and establishing centralized monitoring systems in near future with multi-channel Door Controls.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to consider usefulness of using AEC mode and importance of patient center location in L-spine lateral radiography by comparing dose and image quality according to the change of patient center location with using AEC mode or not. In this study, guide wire is attached to the human body phantom's lumbar spine and the lead ruler is attached to the bottom of the wall detector to find out center location in detector. ESD, mAs, and EI were selected as dose factors, and image quality was compared through SNR. With the lumbar spine located center of the detector, dose factors and image quality were compared according to using AEC mode or not. Afterwards, phantom moved 4 cm and 8 cm back and forth and compared dose factors and image quality. The exposure parameters were 85 kVp, 320 mA, x-ray field size 10×17 inch, and the distance between the center X-ray and the detector was fixed at 100 cm. The center X-ray was perpendicular to the fourth lumbar spine and the only bottom AEC chamber was used. All data were analyzed by independent t-test and ANOVA. As a result of this study, with AEC when the center is matched, ESD was 1.31±0.01 mGy, without AEC was 2.12±0.01 mGy. SNR was shown to be 22.81±1.83, and 23.44±1.87 respectively. When the phantom's center moves 4 cm, 8 cm forward, and 4 cm, 8 cm backward, ESD were 1.09±0.004 mGy, 0.32±0.003 mGy, 1.19±0.017 mGy, 1.11±0.006 mGy respectively, SNR were 18.29±0.60 dB, 11.11±0.22 dB, 18.98±0.80 dB, 17.71±0.82 dB. Using AEC in L-spine lateral radiography reduced ESD by 38%, EI by 35%, and mAs by 38%, without any difference in SNR(p<0.05). When the phantom's center moves 4 cm, 8 cm forward, and 4 cm, 8 cm backward, ESD was decreasing each 16%, 75%, 9%, 15%, EI was decreasing each 14%, 77%, 15%, 20%, mAs was decreasing each 15% 75% 9%, 15%. SNR was decreasing each 19%, 51%, 17%, 22%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.219-234
• /
• 2021

Industrial emissions, mainly from industrial complexes, are important sources of ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Identification of the significant VOC sources from industrial complexes has practical significance for emission reduction. VOC samples were collected from July 2019 to June 2020. A Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model was used to evaluate the VOC sources in the area. Four sources were identified by PMF analysis, including coating-1, coating-2, printing, and vehicle exhaust. The coating-1 source was revealed to have the highest contribution (41.5%), followed by coating-2 (23.9%), printing (23.1%), and vehicle exhaust (11.6%). The source showing the highest contribution was coating emissions, originating from the northwest to southwest of the sample site. It also relates to facilities that produce auto parts. The major components of VOC emissions from the coating facilities were toluene, m,p-xylene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and butyl acetate. Industrial emissions should be the top priority to meet the relevant control criteria, followed by vehicular emissions. This study provides a strategy for VOC source apportionment from an industrial complex, which is helpful in the development of targeted control strategies.