• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2003

In industrialised countries, innovation is a key source of economic growth. Research is a key driver of technological innovation and involves the process of systematic investigation and/or experimentation to discover new knowledge. The Governments' industry innovation policy supports a business focus on Research and Development (R&D) through a range of programs in order to achieve these aims. The Innovation Statement, launched by the Australian Prime Minister in January 2001, commits an additional 53 billion over five years to encourage and support innovation. The Australian Government aims to build world competitive firms and strong research capability in industry to strengthen Australia's international competitiveness and increase national prosperity. It develops policies and programs to enhance investment in innovation. The Australian Government also undertakes analysis and comparisons of innovation policies, instruments and approaches to maintain a leading-edge National Innovation System. This includes analysis of the innovation activities of other nations, and evaluation of the impacts of innovation policies and programs on Australia's institutions and enterprises. This paper examines Australia's Innovation policies, Backing Australian Ability.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.21-22
• /
• 2015

Productivity has been a wide-ranging challenge for the construction industry, both in Australia and globally. Particularly in Western Australia's construction and resources sectors, continuously low productivity will potentially discourage future investments. The emergence of the global marketplace necessitates that the supply chain needs to focus on the concept of the holistic efficiency. The isolated geographical position of Australia only exacerbates this phenomenon. In recent years, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been suggested as an efficient way to help productivity improve and information management throughout supply chains. This keynote talk will focus on discussing ways of implementing BIM to enhance site productivity focusing on Western Australia's construction projects. It will show new trends of its applications to accomplish an innovative way in construction project management. The talk will also give an insightful summary of integrated methods with state-of-the-art technologies backboned by the BIM cases from construction and oil and gas industry projects.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
• /
• pp.162-167
• /
• 2011

Construction projects are full of risks. This is particularly the case in civil construction projects that are often featured with large scale, complexity and involving a large number of participating parties. The eventuation of risks typically results in extended project durations leading to an increase in the total project budget. The consequence can be amplified considering the significant impacts of civil construction projects on the society, from economical, environmental and social perspectives. This research investigates the significance of risks within civil construction projects and approaches to deal with risks. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with local industry practitioners in South Australia on this matter. It is found that the industry is fairly aware of risks associated with civil construction projects and subsequently has procedures in place to attempt to minimize the impacts of these risks on the project outcomes. The interview results also indicate that there is limited utilization of software for the risk management purpose from the cost estimation perspective.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.225-237
• /
• 2017

Objectives : This study reviews the feasibility of Reciprocal Health Care Agreements (RHCA) between South Korea and Australia. Methods : A literature review was conducted using government reports and media articles. Results : In Australia, the Health Insurance Act enables health care agreements with other nations, but Korea has no similar legislation in place. Therefore, Korea must build a broader consensus on the need for RHCA, based on the precedent of Australia's RHCA with 11 nations, as well as on the Korean Pension Act, which has made reciprocal pension agreements with 28 nations through an exceptive clause. The active government involvement of the Ministry of Health and the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Australia, and the Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Korea, are essential for a successful RHCA process. Conclusions : RHCA between Australia and Korea would constitute a significant step forward in strengthening people-to-people links between these two trading partners in the spirit of health diplomacy.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.185-226
• /
• 2015

As in some developing countries and more recently some developed countries worldwide and in the Asian region, Australia has faced significant internal opposition and public debate especially over treaty-based investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). As outlined in Part II(1), concerns have re-emerged and escalated since the first-ever claim was brought against Australia regarding its tobacco plain packaging legislation, in 2011 by Philip Morris Asia under an old BIT with Hong Kong. However, Australia signed bilateral FTAs with Korea in 2014 and with China in 2015, including ISDS protections, prompting several sets of parliamentary inquiries (Part II(2)). Australia's close trading partner, New Zealand, had already concluded an FTA with China in 2008 that included more expansive ISDS-backed investor protections. In 2015, the New Zealand Parliament has been debating ratification of its own FTA with Korea, with ISDS also now attracting growing scrutiny, as elaborated in Part III below. In both bilateral FTA negotiations, the present Korean government seems to have reverted to a strong preference for concluding investment agreements with extensive ISDS protections, despite public and parliamentary debate around 2011 in the context of ratifying its FTA with the United States. As mentioned briefly in the concluding Part IV, Korea's stance has significant implications for the future trajectory of treaty-based ISDS - and indeed international arbitration more generally - in the Asia-Pacific region, and perhaps even globally.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1675-1682
• /
• 2012

Aim: The study aim was to determine the frequency with which women decline clinicians' treatment recommendations and variations in this frequency by age, cancer and service descriptors. Design: The study included 36,775 women diagnosed with early invasive breast cancer in 1998-2005 and attending Australian and New Zealand breast surgeons. Rate ratios for declining treatment were examined by descriptor, using bilateral and multiple logistic regression analyses. Proportional hazards regression was used in exploratory analyses of associations with breast cancer death. Results: 3.4% of women declined a recommended treatment of some type, ranging from 2.6% for women under 40 years to 5.8% for those aged 80 years or more, and with parallel increases by age presenting for declining radiotherapy (p<0.001) and axillary surgery (p=0.006). Multiple regression confirmed that common predictors of declining various treatments included low surgeon case load, treatment outside major city centres, and older age. Histological features suggesting a favourable prognosis were often predictive of declining various treatments, although reverse findings also applied with women with positive nodal status being more likely to decline a mastectomy and those with larger tumours more likely to decline chemotherapy. While survival analyses lacked statistical power due to small numbers, higher risks of breast cancer death were suggested, after adjusting for age and conventional clinical risk factors, (1) for women not receiving breast surgery for unstated reasons (RR=2.29; p<0.001); and (2) although not approaching statistical significance $p{\geq}0.200$), for women declining radiotherapy (RR=1.22), a systemic therapy (RR1.11), and more specifically, chemotherapy (RR=1.41). Conclusions: Women have the right to choose their treatments but reasons for declining recommendations require further study to ensure that choices are well informed and clinical outcomes are optimized.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.549-557
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 각 대륙을 대표하는 한국, 캐나다, 브라질, 영국, 호주의 수출물량지수를 활용하여 한국과의 동행성과 변동성을 파악하는데 있다. 분석기간은 1990년부터 2017년까지 총 28년간 연간자료를 사용하여 지표분석과 수치분석, 모형분석 등을 수행하였다. 상관분석에서 한국은 캐나다, 영국, 브라질 순으로 높은 상관 관계를 보였으나 호주와는 거의 무관한 관계로 나타났다. 회귀분석의 Coefficient에서 브라질, 캐나다, 영국은 종속변수 한국과 양(+)의 방향으로 움직이고 있으나 호주와는 거의 영향을 받지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 한국의 수출물량을 증가시키기 위해서는 새로운 시장으로 부각되고 있는 호주, 브라질, 인도, 베트남, 싱가포르 등에 대한 지속적인 관심이 필요해 보인다. 본 연구에서는 캐나다, 영국, 브라질, 호주를 연구대상 국가로 선정하였지만 향후 더 다양한 국가를 선정하여 분석한다면 객관적이고 신뢰성 높은 자료가 산출될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.36-39
• /
• 2012

목적: 암환자는 질병에 대한 정보나 조언뿐 아니라 정서적, 재정적, 실질적인 지지를 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 한국과 호주의 암환자를 위한 사회 돌봄 서비스 제공에 대한 기회와 장애를 살펴보고자 한다. 방법: 한국과 호주의 사회복지사들을 대상으로 이메일을 통해 설문하였으며, Braun과 Clarke의 주제분석방법을 통해 분석하였다. 결과: 양국 모두에서 암환자를 위한 다양한 사회 돌봄 서비스가 제공되고 있었다. 하지만, 한국의 경우는 사회 돌봄에 대한 인식 수준을 우선 높여야 하며, 호주는 보다 개별화된 사회 돌봄 서비스의 제공이 필요했다. 결론: 본 연구결과는 현 상태를 파악하고 약점을 보완하게 함으로써, 궁극적으로 한국과 호주 양국에서 암환자를 위한 사회 돌봄 서비스 개선에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 비교교육연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.51-73
• /
• 2011

호주는 오랫동안 주별 교육과정 체제를 유지해 왔으나, 최근 들어 국가교육과정 개발 체제를 구축하고 2011년 9월부터 새롭게 개발된 국가교육과정을 적용할 예정으로 있다. 호주가 왜 그토록 오랫동안 유지해 온 전통을 깨고 국가교육과정을 도입하려고 하는가는, 이와 반대의 흐름, 즉 교육과정 결정권을 국가로부터 점차 지방이나 학교로 이양시키고자 하는 우리의 맥락에서 볼 때 검토해 볼 필요가 있다. 특히 호주에서는 국가교육과정의 도입이 '교육혁명'의 일환으로 추진되고 있는 바, '혁명'에 상응하는 근본적인 변화가 국가교육과정에 어떻게 구현되어 있는지도 탐색해 볼 필요가 있다. 이 연구는 호주에서 처음으로 도입된 국가교육과정에 대해 그것의 개발 과정 및 주요 특징을 검토해 보는 데 주된 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 먼저 호주의 국가교육과정의 도입 및 개발 과정을 검토해 보고, 총론과 각론의 특징을 그 구조 중심으로 살펴본 뒤, 호주 국가교육과정 개발 사례가 우리나라 국가 교육과정 체제에 주는 시사점을 논의해 보았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.447-450
• /
• 1996