• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.125-130
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• 2017

Automotive materials and plant modules need to be prepared for freezing parts to operate in extreme areas such as Eastern Europe, Russia, and Canada. However, the only thing that has been done for ultra-qualifying materials for extremely low operating materials is that only the effects at low temperatures are conducted at room temperature, and the effects at low temperatures are only identified at low speeds. Therefore, this study examined the low-temperature characteristics of materials by conducting comparative tests on the mechanical properties of the room at the temperature and temperature of TP304 and TP316 materials, which are the most common materials.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2021

A new type of composite insulated concrete sandwich wall (ICS-wall), which is composed of a triangle truss steel wire network, an insulating layer, and internal and external concrete layers, is proposed. To study the mechanical properties of this new ICS-wall, tensile, compression, and shearing tests were performed on 22 specimens and tensile strength and corrosion resistance tests on 6 triangle truss joints. The variables in these tests mainly include the insulating plate material, the thickness of the insulating plate, the vertical distance of the triangle truss framework, the triangle truss layout, and the connecting mode between the triangle truss and wall and the material of the triangle truss. Moreover, the failure mode, mechanical properties, and bearing capacity of the wall under tensile, shearing, and compression conditions were analyzed. Research results demonstrate that the concrete and insulating layer of the ICS-wall are pulling out, which is the main failure mode under tensile conditions. The ICS-wall, which uses a graphite polystyrene plate as the insulating layer, shows better tensile properties than the wall with an ordinary polystyrene plate. The tensile strength and bearing capacity of the wall can be improved effectively by strengthening the triangle truss connection and shortening the vertical distances of the triangle truss. The compression capacity of the wall is mainly determined by the compression capacity of concrete, and the bonding strength between the wall and the insulating plate is the main influencing factor of the shearing capacity of the wall. According to the tensile strength and corrosion resistance tests of Austenitic stainless steel, the bearing capacity of the triangle truss does not decrease after corrosion, indicating good corrosion resistance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.100-105
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• 2003

25Cr-20Ni series strainless steel have an excellent high temperature strength, high oxidation and high corrosion resistance. However, further improvement can be creep strength by work hardening prior creep. In the present study, the effect of prestraining at room temperature on the creep behavior of a Class M(STS310S) and a Class A(STS310J1TB) alloy containing precipitates have been examined. Prestraining was carried out at room temperature and range of prestrain was $0.5{\sim}2.5$ % at STS310J1TB and $2.0{\sim}7.0$ % at STS310S. Creep behavior and creep rate of pre-strained specimens were compared with that of virgin specimens. Room temperature prestraining produced the creep life that is longer than that of a virgin specimen both for STS310J1TB and STS310S when creep test carried out at the temperature lower than recrystallization temperature. The reason for this improvement of creep life was ascribable to the interaction between dislocations and precipitates in addition to the dislocation-dislocation interaction in STS310J1TB and the dislocation-dislocation interaction in STS310S. The beneficial effect of prestraining in STS310J1TB was larger than that of STS310S.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.73-78
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• 2016

In this study, GTAW was carried out on austenitic STS316 stainless steel. Overlay welding with the stellite-base filler metal was implemented using a double torch. The response variable was calculated on the measured Vickers hardness for process optimization using the Taguchi method and its response variable was then analyzed about effect on overlay welding characteristics. The optimal process design by the Taguchi method is extremely effective in the overlay welding process for the multiple response variables. In addition, the effects of contribution rate about each response variable was analyzed easily. The conditions of the optimal process were 105A, 18V, pre-heat treatment at $200^{\circ}C$, and post weld heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$. The Vickers hardness of the specimens produced under the optimal condition of GTAW by the double torch was 8.19% higher than that by a single torch.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2020

This study explores the effects of different pre-machining conditions on the deposition characteristics and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel samples repaired using direct energy deposition (DED). In the DED repair process, defects such as pores and cracks can occur at the interface between the substrate and deposited material. In this study, we varied the shape of the pre-machined zone for repair in order to prevent cracks from occurring at the slope surface. After repairs by the DED process, macro-scale cracks were observed in samples that had been pre-machined with elliptic and trapezoidal grooves. In addition, it was not possible to completely prevent micro-crack generation on the sloped interfaces, even in the capsule-type grooved sample. From observation of the fracture surfaces, it was found that the cracks around the inclined interface were due to a lack of fusion between the substrate and the powder material, which led to low tensile properties. The specimen with the capsule-type groove provided the highest tensile strength and elongation (respective of 46% and 571% compared to the trapezoidal grooved specimen). However, the tensile properties were degraded compared to the non-repaired specimen (as-hot rolled material). The fracture characteristics of the repaired specimens were determined by the cracks at the sloped interfaces. These cracks grew and coalesced with each other to form macro-cracks, they then coalesced with other cracks and propagated to the substrate, causing final fracture.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.831-836
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• 2014

In this study, high temperature integrity evaluation on a pressure vessel of the expansion tank operating at elevated temperature of $510^{\circ}C$ in the sodium test facility of the SEFLA(Sodium Thermal-hydraulic Experiment Loop for Finned-tube Sodium-to-Air heat exchanger) to be constructed at KAERI has been performed. Evaluations of creep-fatigue damage based on a full 3D finite element analyses were conducted for the expansion tank according to the recent elevated temperature design codes of ASME Section III Subsection NH and French RCC-MRx. It was shown that the expansion tank maintains its integrity under the intended creep-fatigue loads. Quantitative code comparisons were conducted for the pressure vessel of austenitic stainless steel 316L.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.117-117
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• 2017

오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 기계적 특성 향상을 위해 열화학적 표면처리 방법으로 공정 후 재료의 변형이 없고 친환경적인 플라즈마 이온질화 기술이 널리 사용되고 있다. 특히 대략 $450^{\circ}C$이하에서 플라즈마 이온질화 처리 시 S상이라 불리는 expanded austenite 생성에 기인하여 내식성이 향상시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 이전의 연구 결과 증류수, HCl, $H_2SO_4$ 등의 실험 용액에 따라 동일한 공정 온도에 대하여 다른 부식 특성을 나타냈으며, 내식성이 확보되는 온도 또한 다른 결과를 얻었다. 이처럼 적용 환경에 따라 다른 부식 경향을 보이고 있으나, 해양 환경에 사용될 해수에서의 부식 저항성에 대한 명확한 규명은 이루어지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 해양환경에 보편화되어 있는 오스테나이크계 스테인리스강을 선정하여 다양한 온도에서 플라즈마 이온질화 처리 후 전기화학실험을 통해 온도 변화에 따른 부식 특성을 분석하였다. 플라즈마 이온질화는 25% 질소와 75% 수소의 비율로 $350{\sim}500^{\circ}C$의 온도 조건에서 10시간 동안 처리하였다. 플라즈마 이온질화 처리 후 마이크로 경도 계측과 X-선 회절(X-ray diffraction, XRD) 분석을 통해 온도 변화에 따른 금속 표면에 형성된 질화물의 기계적 조직학적 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 모재 및 다양한 온도에서 플라즈마 이온질화 처리된 재료에 대하여 $2{\times}2cm$(노출면적 $1cm^2$) 시편을 제작하여 전기화학적 부식 실험을 수행하여 부식 특성을 상호 비교 분석하였다. 전기화학적 부식 실험은 침적실험, 동전위 양극 음극 분극 실험을 실시하여 전위 변화에 따른 전류밀도 추이를 분석하여 부식 경향을 파악하였다. 그리고 전기화학 실험 후 손상부의 SEM 관찰과 손상 깊이 분석 및 무게 감소량 계측을 통한 종합적인 분석을 통해 온도-부식 경향의 상관관계를 규명하였다. 또한 분극 실험 후 타펠 외삽법으로 부식전위와 부식전류밀도를 구하여 미처리된 재료 및 플라즈마 이온질화 온도 변화에 따른 상대적 부식 속도를 예측하였다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.571-576
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• 1998

This study was carried out for investigating the corrosion behaviors, corrosion mechanisms, and behaviors of elements on a separator for a molten carbonate fuel cell under both the electrolyte and anode side environment. A 310S austenitic stainless steel was used as the separator material. Corrosion proceeded via three steps; the formation step of corrosion product in which rapid corrosion takes place until stable corrosion product is formed after the beginning of corrosion, the protection step against corrosion until breakaway occurs after the formation step of stable corrosion product and the advancing step of corrosion after the breakaway. From the standpoint of the behavior of the elements in the specimen, Fe and Cr, Ni were enriched in the region of corrosion product, in the region of corrosion protection, and at the Cr-deplete zone, respectively. With respect to corrosion mechanism, ionization of electrolyte at the anode side was the main corrosion mechanism, and the final corrosion products were $LiFeO_2$ and $LiCrO_2$ at the anode side.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new feature selection method for AE signal classification. The neural network of back propagation algorithm is used. The proposed feature selection method uses the difference between feature coordinates in feature space. This method is compared with the existing methods such as Fisher's criterion, class mean scatter criterion and eigenvector analysis in terms of the recognition rate and the convergence speed, using the signals from the defects in welding zone of austenitic stainless steel and in the metal contact of the rotary compressor. The proposed feature selection methods such as 2-D and 3-D criteria showed better results in the recognition rate than the existing ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.501-510
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• 2000

Recently, advanced signal analysis which is called "time-frequency analysis" has been used widely in nondestructive evaluation applications. Wavelet transform(WT) and Wigner Distribution are the most advanced techniques for processing signals with time-varying spectra. Wavelet analysis method is an attractive technique for evaluation of material characterization nondestructively. Wavelet transform is applied to the time-frequency analysis of ultrasonic echo waveform obtained by an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique. In this study, the feasibility of noise suppression of ultrasonic flaw signal and frequency-dependent ultrasonic group velocity and attenuation coefficient using wavelet analysis of ultrasonic echo waveform have been verified experimentally. The Gabor function is adopted the analyzing wavelet. The wavelet analysis shows that the variations of ultrasonic group velocity and attenuation coefficient due to the change of material characterization can be evaluated at each frequency. Furthermore, to assure the enhancement of detectability and naw sizing performance, both computer simulated results and experimental measurements using wavelet signal processing are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the noise suppression of ultrasonic flaw signal obtained from austenitic stainless steel weld including EDM notch.