• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4606-4623
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• 2019

Nowadays modern cities develop in a very rapid speed. Buildings become larger than ever and the interior structures of the buildings are even more complex. This drives a high demand for precise and accurate indoor navigation systems. Although the existing commercially available 2D indoor navigation system can help users quickly find the best path to their destination, it does not intuitively guide users to their destination. In contrast, an indoor navigation system combined with augmented reality technology can efficiently guide the user to the destination in real time. Such practical applications still have various problems like position accuracy, position drift, and calculation delay, which causes errors in the navigation route and result in navigation failure. During the navigation process, the large computation load and frequent correction of the displayed paths can be a huge burden for the terminal device. Therefore, the navigation algorithm and navigation logic need to be improved in the practical applications. This paper proposes an improved navigation algorithm and navigation logic to solve the problems, creating a more accurate and effective augmented reality indoor navigation system.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2016

A variety of methods for indoor positioning systems have been underway to ensure the safety of emergency rescuers who are working in dangerous situations such as fire fighters. However, since most systems display locations of rescue workers in two-dimension (2D)-based maps, it is difficult for a commander located in the outside to recognize locations of rescuers inside the building intuitively. An augmented reality (AR)-based indoor positioning monitoring system can display locations of rescuer inside the building that can be seen by commanders to help intuitive recognition of positioning. To monitor AR-based indoor positioning, it is necessary to have an estimation technique of line of sight vector of observers. In the present study, an estimation technique of a line of sight vector using ultra-wide band tranceiver installed inside the indoor to trace locations is presented.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

This paper presents an integrated navigation system for accurate navigation solution-based safety and convenience services in the vehicular augmented reality (AR)-head up display (HUD) system. For lane-level guidance service, especially, an accurate navigation system is essential. To achieve this, an inertial navigation system (INS)/global positioning system (GPS)/vision/digital map (IGVM) integrated navigation system has been developing. In this paper, the concept of the integrated navigation system is introduced and is implemented based on a multi-model switching filter and vehicle status decided by using the GPS data and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements. The performance of the implemented navigation system is verified experimentally.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.508-511
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• 2007

Car navigation system is one of the most important applications in telematics. A newest trend of car navigation system is using real video captured by camera equipped on the vehicle, because video can overcome the semantic gap between map and real world. In this paper, we suggest a visual car navigation system that visually represents navigation information or route guidance. It can improve drivers' understanding about real world by capturing real-time video and displaying navigation information overlaid on it. Main services of the visual car navigation system are graphical turn guidance and lane change guidance. We suggest the system architecture that implements the services by integrating conventional route finding and guidance, computer vision functions, and augmented reality display functions. What we designed as a core part of the system is visual navigation controller, which controls other modules and dynamically determines visual representation methods of navigation information according to a determination rule based on current location and driving circumstances. We briefly show the implementation of system.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.733-740
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• 2014

With the development and spread of 3D display, users can easily experience an augmented reality with 3D features. Therefore, the demand for content of an augmented reality is exponentially growing in various fields. A traditional augmented reality environment was generally created by CG(Computer Graphics) modelling production tools. However, this method takes too much time and efforts to create an augmented environment. To create an augmented environment similar to the real world, everything in the real world should be measured, gone through modeling, and located in an augmented environment. But the time and efforts spent in the creation don't produce the same environment as the real world, making it hard for users to feel the sense of reality. In this study, multi-scale 3D panorama content augmented system is suggested by using a depth-map. By finding matching features from images to add 3D features to an augmented environment, a depth-map is derived and embodied as panorama, producing high-quality augmented content system with a sense of reality. With this study, limits of 2D panorama technologies will be overcome and a sense of reality and immersion will be provided to users with a natural navigation.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2012

e-Training는 체험형, 실습 위주의 교육 훈련으로 기존 e-Learning의 이론형 교육에서 벗어나 학습자에게 실제적 학습, 능동적 학습을 촉진하고 학습적 효과를 향상시킨다. 체험형 훈련 시스템의 대표적인 예로 증강현실을 들 수 있다. 특히 증강현실 시스템이 구축된 환경에서 자동차 정비 훈련자는 자동차 부품의 위치나 정비 순서를 증강 정보를 통해 바로 획득하기 때문에 효과적인 트레이닝을 경험 할 수 있다. 이러한 증강현실 시스템에서 영상 추적(tracking) 기술은 핵심이다. 어떠한 트래킹 기술을 이용하느냐에 따라 증강현실 시스템의 성능이 결정된다. 트래킹 기술은 인식률 및 속도가 중요한데, 이를 위해서는 자동차 정비 e-Training의 특성을 파악하여 그에 적합한 트래킹 기술을 적용해야 한다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 자동차 정비 e-Training 증강현실 시스템에 맞는 알고리즘 및 트래킹 기술을 고안하여 적용하였다. 실험 결과 실제 자동차 정비에 필요한 엔진 장비를 실시간 인식 및 다각도에서도 인식률을 잃지 않았다.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2014

Most of the car navigation systems pzrovide 2D or 3D virtual map-based driving guidance. One of the important issues is how to reduce cognitive burden to the driver who should interpret the abstracted information to real world driving information. Recently, an augmented reality (AR)-based navigation is considered as a new way to reduce cognitive workload by superimposing guidance information into the real world scene captured by the camera. In particular, head-up display (HUD) is popular to implement AR navigation. However, HUD is too expensive to be set up in most cars so that the HUD-based AR navigation is currently unrealistic for navigational assistance. Meanwhile, smartphones with advanced computing capability and various sensors are popularized and also provide navigational assistance. This paper presents a research on cognitive effect and responsiveness of an AR navigation by a comparative study with a conventional virtual map-based navigation on the same smartphone. This paper experimented both quantitative and qualitative studies to compare cognitive workload and responsiveness, respectively. The number of eye gazing at the navigation system is used to measure the cognitive effect. In addition, questionnaires are used for qualitative analysis of the responsiveness.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2009

자동차 내비게이션 시스템은 경로탐색 및 길안내 등의 기능을 제공하는 대표적인 운전자 지원 시스템의 하나로서 그 사용성이 크게 증가하고 있다. 대부분의 자동차 내비게이션 시스템은 2차원 지도에 기반하고 있는데 이는 기본적으로 지도가 지니는 함축화된 정보 표현 패러다임에 기반하고 있음으로 인해 실세계 정보로의 변환에 인지적 부담이 작용하게 된다. 최근에 개념적으로 대두되고 있는 새로운 내비게이션의 형태는 자동차에 장착된 카메라로부터 실시간으로 취득되거나 자동차 전면 유리창에 투영되는 실제 영상위에 내비게이션 정보를 그래픽으로 표현하는 증강현실의 모습을 취하고 있다. 차량 내에서의 정보 제공 장치로서 내비게이션 시스템은 그것이 함축화된 그래픽이든 아니면 실사 영상이든 궁극적으로 운전자의 운전부하를 줄이고 빠른 직관력을 제공함으로써 주의분산을 최소화 시킴이 중요하다 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 증강현실 내비게이션 시스템인 RACE(Reality-Augmented Car-navigation Environment)를 설계 및 구현하고 그것이 실제적으로 운전자의 운전 수행과 인지 및 주의 분산에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 증강현실 내비게이션이 기존의 2차원 지도 기반 내비게이션에 비해 갖는 효용성이 무엇인지에 대하여 운전자 행동에 기반한 인지심리학적 실험을 통하여 분석한다. 이러한 작업들을 바탕으로 정보처리 관점에서 운전자의 운전 수행과 인지적 수행을 위한 최적의 내비게이션 정보 제공 방법은 무엇인지 고찰해본다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2011

최근 스마트폰과 태블릿PC 등 다양한 모바일 기기가 급속도로 보급되면서 모바일 네트워크를 활용하는 다양한 서비스가 탄생하고 있다. 하지만 스마트 기기의 콘텐츠는 주로 게임이나 메시징 서비스에 의존하고 있어 다양성이 부족하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 증강현실 기술을 활용하여 모바일 단말과 네트워크 기반에서 가상으로 교육을 받을 수 있는 시스템에 대한 연구를 진행 하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.245-246
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• 2014

This paper suggests the navigation information display system which is based on augmented reality technology and especially focuses on image analysis technology. Navigator has to always confirm the information from marine electronic navigation devices and then they compare with the view of outside targets of the windows. During this 'head down' posture, they feel uncomfortable and sometimes it cause near-accidents such as collision or missing objects, because he or she cannot keep an eye on the front view of windows. Augmented reality can display both of information of virtual and real in a single display. Therefore we tried to adapt the AR technology to help navigators and have been studied and developed image pre-processing module as a previous research already. To analysis the outside view of the bridge window, we have extracted navigational information from the camera image by using image processing. This paper mainly describes about recognizing ship feature by haar-like feature and filtering region of interest area by AIS data, which are to improve accuracy of the image analysis.