• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1998.06c
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 1998

In the experiment carried out on 20 college students, recorded were frontal, temporal and occipital EEG, skin conductance response, skin conductance level, heart rate and respiration rate during listening to two music fragments with different affective valences and white noise administered immediately after negative visual stimulation. Analysis of physiological patterns observed during the experiment suggests that affective auditory stimulation with music is able to selectively modulate autonomic and cortical activity evoked by preceding aversive visual stimulation and to restore initial baseline levels. On other hand, physiological responses to white noise, which does not possess emotion-eliciting capabilities, evokes response typical for orienting reaction after the onset of a stimulus and is rapidly followed by habituation. Observed responses to white noise were similar to those specific to attention only and had no evidence for any emotion-related processes. Interpretation of the obtained data is considered in terms of the role of emotional and orienting significance of stimuli, dependence of effects on the background physiological activation level and time courses of attention and emotion processes. Physiological parameters are summarized with regard to their potential utility in differentiation of psychological processes induced by auditory stimuli.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.95-123
• /
• 1999

The goal of this research is a visual and auditory tool development enabling designers to have the same emotional value with users in the process of user centered design. Through the research, we intend to show the aid measure for making cognitive gaps narrow between users and designer in the process of transforming and understanding the emotional needs as a verbal image. because In the business practice of design, most of tools and techniques for assessment and analysis of emotional needs are those used usually in the marketing fields. So the information generated and transformed from users to designers have a form of physical words. When the designer's understanding of the emotional needs is considered as a product mediated communication process, the morphologic and cognitive information gaps become obvious. This difference could be a false basis in designing with emotional user needs. So the alternative needs assessment sub-tools of visual and auditory information form was embodied mainly for designer's cognitive gaps and inter-cultural emotional needs assessment. As the method of embodiment, Firstly, adjectives related to emotion were classified in their cognitive dimension. Secondly, visual and auditory data were extracted, and then the relativity verified. Finally, the practicality and effectiveness were tested through the database generation. In view of the results so far achieved, 1. We could find being of the big information cognitive gaps in the verbal assessment of emotional needs between designers and users. 2. With the visual and auditory assessment tool, we could make the big cognitive gaps narrower than we expected. 3. Also, we could find the chance that the fidelity, recognition, and friendliness of design for emotional user needs would become better.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.234-240
• /
• 2011

In order to obtain the fundamental data about the behavior of sharks by underwater audible sound, this experiment was carried out to investigate the auditory characteristics of tiger shark Scyliorhinus torazame which was caught in the coast of Jeju Island by heart rate conditioning method using pure tones coupled with a delayed electric shock. The audible range of tiger shark extended from 80Hz to 300Hz with a peak sensitivity at 80Hz including less sensitivity at 300Hz. The mean auditory thresholds of tiger shark at the frequencies of 80Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz and 300Hz were 90dB, 103dB, 94dB and 115dB, respectively. The positive response of tiger shark was not evident after the sound projection of over 300Hz. At the results, the sensitive frequency range of tiger shark is narrower than that of fish that has swim bladder. In addition, it is assumed that the most sensitive frequency in auditory thresholds of Chondrichthyes is lower than that of Osteichthyes. Critical ratios of tiger shark measured in the presence of masking noise in the spectrum level range of about 60-70dB (0dB re $1{\mu}Pa/\sqrt{Hz}$) increased from minimum 27dB to maximum 39dB at test frequencies of 80-200Hz. The noise spectrum level at the start of masking was distributed at the range of about 65dB within 80-200Hz.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.581-584
• /
• 2000

In order to obtain the fundamental data about method of luring fish schools by underwater audible sound, the auditory threshold of black rockfish Sebastes inermis on the coast of Cheju Island was investigated by heartbeat conditioning technique using pure tones coupled with a delayed electric shock, The audible range of black rockfish extended from 80 Hz to 800 Hz with a peak sensitivity at 300 Hz. The mean auditory thresholds of black rockfish at the frequencies of 80 Hz, 100 Hz, 200 Hz, 300 Hz, 500 Hz and 800 Hz were 102 dB, 103 dB, 99 dB, 96 dB, 116 dB and 122 dB, respectively, As the frequency became higher than 300 Hz, the auditory threshold increased rapidly.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: We aim to explore the effects of residual auditory steady state response (ASSR) on cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes in children lacking auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Subjects and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of child CI recipients lacking ABRs. All ears were divided into two groups: with residual ASSR and without ASSR. For each frequency, the T- and C-levels and the electrical dynamic ranges of postoperative 3-month and 1-year mappings were compared between the groups. To evaluate speech perception, patients who received simultaneous bilateral CIs were divided into two groups: group 1 exhibited responses at all frequencies in both ears; in group 2, at least one ear evidenced no response. The Categories of Auditory Perception (CAP) and Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) scores were compared between the groups. Results: We enrolled 16 patients. At 2 kHz, the postoperative 3-month and 1-year T-levels of patients with residual hearing were lower than those of hearing loss group (p=0.001, p=0.035). In residual hearing group, the ASSR threshold correlated positively with the postoperative 1-year T-level (p=0.012, R²=0.276) and C-level (p=0.002, R²=0.374). Of 10 simultaneous bilateral CI recipients, 5 exhibited ASSRs at all frequencies and the other 5 showed no response at ≥1 frequency. The latter had higher CAP scores at the postoperative 1-year (p=0.018). Conclusions: In children exhibiting hearing loss in ABR testing, residual hearing at 2 kHz ASSR correlated positively with the post-CI T-level. Those with ASSRs at all frequencies had significantly lower CAP scores at the postoperative 1year. CI should not be delayed when marginal residual hearing is evident in ASSR.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: We aim to explore the effects of residual auditory steady state response (ASSR) on cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes in children lacking auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Subjects and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of child CI recipients lacking ABRs. All ears were divided into two groups: with residual ASSR and without ASSR. For each frequency, the T- and C-levels and the electrical dynamic ranges of postoperative 3-month and 1-year mappings were compared between the groups. To evaluate speech perception, patients who received simultaneous bilateral CIs were divided into two groups: group 1 exhibited responses at all frequencies in both ears; in group 2, at least one ear evidenced no response. The Categories of Auditory Perception (CAP) and Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) scores were compared between the groups. Results: We enrolled 16 patients. At 2 kHz, the postoperative 3-month and 1-year T-levels of patients with residual hearing were lower than those of hearing loss group (p=0.001, p=0.035). In residual hearing group, the ASSR threshold correlated positively with the postoperative 1-year T-level (p=0.012, R²=0.276) and C-level (p=0.002, R²=0.374). Of 10 simultaneous bilateral CI recipients, 5 exhibited ASSRs at all frequencies and the other 5 showed no response at ≥1 frequency. The latter had higher CAP scores at the postoperative 1-year (p=0.018). Conclusions: In children exhibiting hearing loss in ABR testing, residual hearing at 2 kHz ASSR correlated positively with the post-CI T-level. Those with ASSRs at all frequencies had significantly lower CAP scores at the postoperative 1year. CI should not be delayed when marginal residual hearing is evident in ASSR.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.515-520
• /
• 2012

In brain computer interface (BCI) system, the most important part is classification of human thoughts in order to translate into commands. The more accuracy result in classification the system gets, the more effective BCI system is. To increase the quality of BCI system, we proposed to reduce noise and artifact from the recording data to analyzing data. We used auditory stimuli instead of visual ones to eliminate the eye movement, unwanted visual activation, gaze control. We applied independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm to purify the sources which constructed the raw signals. One of the most famous spatial filter in BCI context is common spatial patterns (CSP), which maximize one class while minimize the other by using covariance matrix. ICA and CSP also do the filter job, as a raw filter and refinement, which increase the classification result of linear discriminant analysis (LDA).

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 1990

In this study, a peripheral auditory model is used as a frequency feature extractor and a recurrent network which has recurrent links on input nodes is constructed in order to show the reliability of the recurrent network as a recognizer by executing recognition tests for 4 Korean place names and syllables. In the case of using the general learning rule, it is found that the weights are diverged for a long sequence because of the characteristics of the node function in the hidden and output layers. So, a refined weight compensation method is proposed and, using this method, it is possible to improve the system operation and to use long data. The recognition results are considerably good, even if time worping and endpoint detection are omitted and learning patterns and test patterns are made of average length of data. The recurrent network used in this study reflects well time information of temporal speech signal.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2007

The severe-profound hearing impaired children have various disorders in everday communication due to the lack of hearing feedback. Especially, their speech produced unstable voice, omission and distortion of articulation, pitch break, cul-de-sac voice, and so on so that they were difficult to accurately deliver an intended message. This study attempts to analyze the acoustic characteristics of 4 vowel sounds produced by 35 severe-profound hearing impaired children using CSL(Computerized Speech Lab, Model 4300b). The formant data were obtained from the spectrogram and analyzed data by 12 formant filter and auto-correlation among the formants. Results showed that the hearing impaired children's formant values came out very high. They produced the vowels at the mode of hypertension with unstable voice. In order to improve their speech, they would need some adequate auditory feedback.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.261-270
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the result of one-way ANOVA with that of cross-correlation time series analysis in order to evaluate physiologic responses of premature infants to human voices. Methods: Four premature infants born prior to 32 weeks gestational age were included in the study. The Gould 4000TA Recording System recorded the preterm infant's heart and respiratory rate while they were listening to a pre-recorded voice recording. Each infant listened to both male and female voices (1 min each) at each testing session. Results: The results of both one-wayANOVA and cross-correlation time series analysis using heart and respiratory rate data were not consistent in some of premature infants. A cross-correlation time series analysis revealed that the responses of premature infant to vocal stimulation occurred at a varying number of seconds after the stimulus was presented and lasted for over 20-30 sec. Conclusion: The results indicate that a time series analysis can provide more detailed information on the rapidly changing physiologic status of premature infant to the auditory stimulus. In addition, the results provide an insight into an auditory responsitivity of premature infants to a naturally occurring sound, the human voice, in the neonatal intensive care unit.