• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

Objectives: The current study evaluated the effects of an integrated breast health program according to levels of breast cancer risk appraisal on knowledge on breast cancer, early detection behaviors, and diet patterns and attitudes in Korean healthy women. Method: A nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design was used. A total of 413 women aged 40-59, registering at the Life Long Health Center in two cities, were classified into intervention groups of 179 women and control groups of 234 women. The integrated breast health program included education, counseling on breast cancer, early detection behaviors, and appropriate diet with multimedia and individual practice session using breast models, reflecting characteristics of each level according to levels of risk appraisal. The knowledge on breast cancer, early detection behaviors, and diet were investigated using questionnaires at baseline and three months after intervention. Results: In both normal and borderline-risk group, intervention groups reported significantly higher scores of knowledge on breast cancer and higher stages of BSE behaviors than control groups. Conclusion: The results showed positive effects on knowledge and early detection behaviors of breast cancer in normal and borderline-risk groups. Further studies should investigate longitudinal effects of the intervention program on dietary change.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.13-26
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• 1975

Seven aspects of attitude toward marriage in Korea are examined to better understand present and future marriage patterns. Also, various facets of current marriage practice are compared with attitudes. The study comprises three groups of roughly 600 women each, selected by random sampling from a rural, an urban, and a semi-urban area. A carefully designed and pretested questionnaire was checked for reliability by a reinterview in a 15% subsample. The great majority of Korean women support traditional attitudes that one must or should marry. The small group who recommend that one should not marry are mostly the very young or the never married, whose attitudes still may change. However, there are important and probably predictive shifts in favor of more individual decision, especially among the better educated, the young, and the more urban. Traditional reasons for marriage such as "custom" and procreation are ranked first by a majority, but there is a large shift to more contemporary or liberal desire for companionship and love, also primarily among the better educated, the urban, the young, and the never married. The traditional attitude that parents should have the sole or major role in mate selection is still held by a bare majority; the educated, urban, young, and never married are more liberal. Only 6% opt for each of the two extremes: That the parent alone or the respondent alone should decide. The remainder prefer one of the two middle-of-the-road positions where parent and child together decide. The proportions of respondents who classed specified criteria as moat important for selecting a husband, arranging the criteria in order from traditional to contemporary were: Lineage, etc., 23%; personal attributes, 40%; health and education, 27%; and love, 10%. The changing attitudes are suggested by the fact that love was ranked first by only 3% of the poorly educated rural poulation versus 23% of urban college level and 31% of the urban never married. There has been a substantial rise in the ideal age of marriage over the past twelve or more years, but there also is evidence that the ideal age is at or near a ceiling. Knowledge about legal age of marriage is minimal; the implications of this for proposed legislation are discussed. Three-fifthes to four-fifths of all respondents married husbands of the same religious, residential, and economic backgrounds as themselves. Almost all of them married men of the same or higher educational level. These evidences of traditional influences in mate selection are contrasted with the low priority given some of those items in earlier questions on reasons for marriage and criterion for selecting husband. Contrary to the expressed attitudes as to who should select the husband, we find that marriages of the study sample were stated to be arranged by parents alone in 62%; and in another 23%, the parents made the decision but asked the respondent's views. Such arrangements were most frequent among the rural, the less educated, and the older respondents and less common in the urban and more educated. The implications of these and related findings are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.194-202
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop educational materials on field practice safety based on existing field practice data and accident cases regarding vocational high schools and apply them to identify their impact. Methods: The existing data, accumulated since 2010, on field practices of vocational high schools were analyzed, and educational materials regarding field practices were developed by six experts. 195 students in three vocational high schools were surveyed before and after being taught with the materials. The survey asked about their knowledge of industrial safety and health and attitudes toward industrial safety and health. Results: As a result of the study, harmful environments for field practices of vocational high schools were physical, chemical, ergonomic, and emotional labor, and the consequences were accidents, death by overwork, musculoskeletal diseases, etc. The materials covered students' rights and how to respond to workplace accidents in the 1st round, how to organize a workshop in the 2nd round, workplace safety and health signs in the 3rd round, prevention of musculoskeletal diseases in the 4th round, management of physical risk factors in 5th round, management of hazardous chemicals in 6th round, wearing and managing protective equipment in 7th round, first aid depending on the situation in the 8th round, CPR and defibrillator in the 9th round, sexual harassment in the 10th round, and prevention of sexual violence in the 11th round. After completing the education, their knowledge of industrial safety and health increased significantly from 6.52 points to 7.01 points. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest: first, to statistically organize the data on accidents that have occurred during field practices of vocational high schools; second, to develop a systematic curriculum for high school 1st to 3rd graders on accidents that may happen during field practices of vocational high schools.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the factors affecting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection control practices of nurses in negative pressure isolation rooms. Methods : The participants were 150 nurses working in three hospitals with negative pressure isolation rooms. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results : Factors significantly influencing the subject's COVID-19 infection control practice include Being married (𝛽=.18, p =.016), working in a ward with negative pressure isolation rooms (𝛽=.44, p <.001), working in an ICU with negative pressure isolation rooms (𝛽=.27, p =.010), COVID-19 infection control attitude (𝛽=.28, p =.001), anxiety for COVID-19 (𝛽=.30, p <.001). The explanatory power of these variables for COVID-19 infection control practice was 24.6% (F=8.67, p <.001). Conclusion : It is expected that strategies that utilize positive attitudes which believe that COVID-19 disease may be overcome by COVID-19 infection control practice will help improve emerging infectious diseases infection control practice.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2022

Background: Nowadays, dental health problems in Indonesia are still quite high. It is one of which influenced by low public awareness of the importance of maintaining the health of teeth and mouth that can be measured by toothbrushing behavior. Based on the results of RISKESDAS 2018, only 2.8 percent of the population has a proper toothbrushing behavior. Behavior tends to form at age 6 to 12 years. At this age, children begin to develop habits that tend to settle until adulthood, including toothbrushing behavior. Social cognitive theory is a theory of behavioral change that explains that behavioral changes are influenced by the environment, personal, behavior where these three factors influence each other. This study aims to identify changes in the dental behavior of second grades students before and after the joint toothbrushing at school for 21 days. Methods: A pre-experimental study-design was conducted on elementary school by pre-post treatment method where there are 2 classes that get intervention and 2 other classes as control. A joint toothbrush is performed every morning before the school activities begin. Before and after the joint toothbrushing, all classes are given questionnaires to see if there are any changes in behavior seen through knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Results: Respondent group showed increasement on their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards toothbrushing. In contrast, the control groups showed no significant differences in the 3 factors. Conclusion: In this study the education of toothbrushing through environmental changes is quite effective in elementary school children. Insights into the benefits of this program and refinements of optimally targeted intervention, including longitudinal studies are needed to improve the results.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.471-480
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was designed to provide basic information for smoking prevention education for middle school students by examining their knowledge and attitudes toward smoking. Method: A survey was conducted in this study on 1.250 students from 12 middle schools in the six educational bureaus in the Busan region. Results from the preliminary survey showed that the reliability of the instruments for knowledge and attitudes toward smoking were 0.84 and 0.86. respectively. The data for this study were collected for 20 days from Dec. 1 to 20, 2000, and then statistically analyzed with the SAS program using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. and two-way ANOVA. Results: (1) The highest frequency of responses found that both male and female students did not smoke at all. Among 170 students who had experiences of smoking, 66.5% reported they tried smoking because of curiosity, and 38.2% reported they first smoked during the 2nd grade of middle school and 1.2% during 4th grade of primary school. (2) In scores on smoking knowledge, the item with the highest score in both male and female students was one that they had no smoking experiences et al. followed by smoking experiences in the past and experiences of regular smoking. (3) In scores on attitude toward smoking, both male and female students were scored as the highest at the item that they had no smoking experiences et all. followed by the item that they smoked in the past and that they experienced regular smoking. (4) There was no significant correlation between knowledge and attitude toward smoking among the whole subjects (r=0.09. P=0.00). With regard to regular smoking experiences among the male and female students at the 3rd grade of middle school. there was a relatively high correlation between knowledge and attitude toward smoking among them (r=0.57. P=0.00: r=0.56. P=0.01). Conclusion: Students who had never smoked or smoked only in the past need smoking prevention education consistently. Particularly, for those who were regular smokers, not only individualized but also organized in small size groups, they need an intensive educational program on the basis of counseling to reduce smoking and to put in practice smoking cessation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.143-154
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• 1995

Korea has been recently reducing the quality of life as well as rising medical cost because of the increase of chronic diseases. But we can prevent those chronic diseases through the improvement of environment or life style. We evaluated the educational effectiveness of chronic diseases(hypertention, diabetes, cancer, stroke and other chronic diseases) designed to increase the knowledge, attitude and practice of chronic diseases among university students. Between August 1994 and November 1994, we implemented chronic diseases prevention instruction in intervention students; unmatched control students were selected in same university. We conducted pre- and post-intervention surveys both intervention and control students with self-reported questionnaires(50 items). We assigned score(0-4 points) to items and conducted a analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) with sex, grade and economic status as the covariate, using the SAS PC computer statistical package. And we culculated odds ratio with safety scores between intervention and control students. The results of this study were followed. 1. In demographic characteristics of subjects both pre- and post intervention, we found no significant differences in intervention and control students at religion, father's education, mother's education, mother's occupation and type of residence(p>0.05), but we found significant differences at sex(p<0.001), grade(p<0.001) and economic status(p<0.05). 2. The sex, grade and economic status-adjusted mean prevention knowledge scores for diabetes and stroke increased from the pre- to post-survey in the intervention students(p<0.001), but control students did not increased(p>0.05). As odds ratios in knowledge were below 1, the knowledge of intervention students were higher than control students. 3. The attitudes for general adult health increased from the pre- to post-survey in the intervention students(p<0.05), but control students did not increased(p>0.05). As odds ratios in attitudes were approximately 1, we can not say effectiveness in intervention students 4. The pratices for cancer and stroke increased from the pre- to post-survey in both the intervention and control students(p<0.001). Also odds ratio of hypertention was 0.91, and that of stroke was 1.14. 5. Health related behaviors did not increased from the pre- to post- survey in both the intervention and control students(p>0.05). But odds ratio of drinking was 0.76 and that of body weight was 1.21. 6. Health status did not increased from the pre- to post- survey in both the intervention and control students(p>0.05). As odds ratio of health status was 1.09, prevention education was not effect in intervention students We would like to recommend as follows; 1. University students must learn about prevention of chronic diseases. Because the knowledge of invetervention students was higher than that of control students. 2. The prevention education of chronic diseases should be taught from primary school. 3. Adult health education for university students must be practiced continuously. Education period(l5 weeks) in this study was not complete. 4. The evaluation of chronic diseases was conducted real measurement(such as BP check) as well as self reported-survey. 5. Educational materials(video tape, pamphlet) related the prevention of chronic diseases should be developed at national level. And we must easely use those materials. 6. The prevention education of chronic diseases should be made through mass media as well as school education.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.490-502
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing competency for Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO) infection control in nursing students with clinical practice experience. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from May 2020 to August 2020 by including 175 nursing students in two nursing schools located in Daegu. The data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The competency of MDRO infection control was 3.41.±0.38. The attitude to patient safety management and - knowledge of MDRO infection control were 3.81±0.47 and 16.98±3.02, respectively. Factors influencing the competency of MDRO infection control were perceived benefit(β=.38, p<.001), knowledge toward MDRO infection control(β=.21, p=.001), attitude in patient safety management(β=.17, p=.028), and perceived barrier(β=-.15, p=.029) with an explanatory power of 34.2%. Conclusion: A systemic education program regarding MDRO infection control is needed for nursing students to provide knowledge related to MDRO infection control and help establish positive beliefs toward MDRO infection control and attitudes in patient safety management.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2811-2818
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• 2013

Background: Initiation, perpetuation and cessation of smoking are all multifactorial. It is essential to explore interactions among various parameters influencing smoking and its cessation for effective smoking cessation interventions. Objectives: To obtain insights into smoking and its cessation among current smokers in India. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted among current smokers visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences (MCODS), Manipal University, Mangalore. Knowledge, attitudes, behavior, worksite practices towards smoking and its cessation, barriers to smoking cessation and socio-demographic variables were explored using a structured, pretested, self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 175 current smokers participated in the study. Mean knowledge, attitude, worksite practice and barrier scores were $15.2{\pm}5.67$ (66.1%), $57.5{\pm}7.67$ (82.1%), $4.18{\pm}2.02$ (41.8%) and $57.4{\pm}12.37$ (63.7%) respectively. Correlation analysis revealed: association of knowledge with education, occupation and religion; attitude with education and occupation; worksite practices with occupation; knowledge with attitude; and barriers negatively with worksite practices. The majority (85.7%) of respondents intended to quit smoking and this was associated with higher attitude scores, whereas actual quit attempts were associated with high knowledge, attitudes, worksite practices and low barrier scores. Conclusions: Various socio-demographic factors associated with smoking and its cessation were identified. The present study highlights the importance of identifying and targeting these interactions while framing guidelines and interventions for effective tobacco cessation in a developing country like India.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.65-73
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to cornpare the differences in clinical competence, knowledge of patient safety management and confidence of patient safety management according to the clinical practice experience of nursing students, Of the 73 nursing students who experienced clinical practice and 35 nursing students who did not experience, a total of 108 students in the third grade were analyzed, In the results of this study, clinical competence(t=.88, p=.377) knowledge of patient safety management(t=-.29, p=.773), and confidence of patient safety management(t=1.11, p=.267) the difference between was not statistically significant in the two groups. In the two groups, the score of the sub-area according to each variable is the lowest. First, the sub-area of the nursing process a lowest score in clinical competence, and the second, the sub-area of measuring knowledge about concept of near miss was the Knowledge of patient safety management. The score was the lowest in, and thirdly, the sub-area of writing an incident report when an error occurred had the lowest score in confidence of patient safety management. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of clinical competence of nursing students, it is necessary to develop a strategic educational guideline to improve the clinical practice education environment, to improve patient safety management capabilities and to cultivate correct attitudes toward patient safety management.