• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2005

Objective : The objective of this study is to assess the clinical effect of Naesowhajungtang Gamibang on atopic dermatitis. Method : A total of 30 patients with atopic dermatitis were evaluated for the symptoms and signs according to SCORAD index and measured for peripheral eosinophil counts and serum total IgE before and after treatment. Results : 1. Among 30 patients diagnosed as Atopic Dermatitis, 11, were male(37%) and 19 were female(63%). the ratio of male and female patients were 1:1.7. 2. Among 30 patients diagnosed as Atopic Dermatitis, 25 Have family history of allergic disease(83%) and 20 have past history of allergic discase. 3. There was statistically significant relationship between serum total IgE and SCORAD score(p=0.019). 4. There was statistically significant relationship between peripheral eosinophil count and SCORAD score(p=0.001). 5. We could find no statistically significant change of serum total IgE and peripheral eosinphil count before and after treatment. 6. There was statistically significant change of SCORAD score and subjective symptom before and after treatment.(p<0.05). Conclusion : Naesowhajungtanggamibang is effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. And peripheral eosinophil counts and serum total IgE were good serum maker reflection the severity of atopic dermatitis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.204-215
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• 2000

Objectives: This study was conducted to establish the study form of atopic dermatitis in oriental medicine, to find out the effect of herbal medicine and to compare Bangpungtongsungsan group with symptom-complexes prescription group. Methods: We gave scores(1-3) to the 37 outpatients who visited the dept. of Ophthalmotolaryngology & Dermatosurgery of the Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from June 1,2000 to September 30, 2000. According to transformed the G. Rajka, T. Langeland and Jon M. Hanifin standard. We checked the Eosinophil count, IgE and the scores (intensity: the degree of itching, course: the degree of itching during a year, extent: erythema, lichenification, scaling. dryness, erosion' oozing). After herbal treatment for 6 weeks, we checked the above factors again in the same way. In treatment, we divided the patients into Bangpungtongsungsan group and Symptom-complexes group for cross-comparison. Results: There were 19 patients we could check by score and 14 patients by laboratory. 1. In the 14 lab cases, the number of abnormal value of Eosinophil count and IgE was decreased but it was not significant. 2. In the 19 cases by score, clinical severity of the intensity of itching, lichenification, scaling' dryness was significantly decreased between the before- and after-herbal treatment periods (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05). 3. In 19 cases, clinical severity of erythema, erosion. oozing was decreased after herbal treatment but it was not significant(p>0.05). 4. In point of total score, clinical severity of atopic dermatitis was significantly decreased after herbal treatment(p<0.01). 5. There was no significant difference between Bangpungtongsungsan group and Symptom-complexes group(P<0.05). Conclusions: Although more study is needed, these results indicate that herbal treatment is effective on atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.501-507
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• 2009

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin disease in children and a characteristic chronically recurrent form of dermatitis with a hereditary tendency, affecting infants and may extend to the childhood or th the adult age. Environmental factors, stress, and foodstuffs such as milk, egg may cause atopic dermatitis. Nc/Nga mice were used as an animal model for human atopic dermatitis. The divided by 4group such as normal group, BMAC group, FK506 group, MR group for this study raised in conventional conditions. To investigate effect of Chamomile German on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice, the serum IgE and IgG1 level were measured while the severity degree of the skin lesion was examined by the naked eyes of two volunteers who were unaware of the treatment status. The results were the followings. 1. The score on the severity degree of skin dermatitis in FK 506 and MR group was lower than that in control group. 2. The serum IgE level in control group was higher 25% than that in normal group. 3. The serum level of IgE in FK506 and MR group compares to control group was decreased. 4. The serum IgG1 level was decreased more than 3.5 times in FK506 compared to control group while MR group had significantly less the serum IgG1 than control group. From the above results, treatment of Chamomile German oil had the effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. If scientific researches on aroma oil are performed in various way, aroma oil will be used to cure skin dermatitis as a alternative therapy in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.199-214
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• 2010

Objective : Atopic dermatitis (AD) may profoundly affect patient's quality of life (QOL), and also cause economic impact. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of life and the economic impact of adult atopic dermatitis patient in Seoul. We also evaluate the relationship of QOL and economic impact with severity of AD. Methods : 30 adult atopic dermatitis patient were included and evaluated by using the SCORAD Index and EASI. Patients were asked to fill in the questionnaires about their quality of life and financial costs during the past year by AD. Data about sleep disturbance and pruritus were also obtained. Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results : 1. Among 30 patients, women were 19(63.3%), men were 11(36.7%). The mean age of the patients were 27.3 years old, patients between the ages of 17 and 30 years were 23, over 30 were seven. 2. The mean score of Objective SCORAD was $32.89{\pm}7.30$, Subjective SCORAD was $8.13{\pm}3.53$ and EASI was $9.15{\pm}6.90$이었다. 3. The mean score of Skindex-29 was $28.26{\pm}7.58$, DLQI was $10.17{\pm}5.55$. 4. By analyzing the questionnaire, a monthly average cost of 583,200 won for each patient was determined. Direct cost was 236,800 won and indirect cost was 346,300 won. 5. By analyzing the correlation between the severity of AD and QOL, Objective SCORAD and EASI were positively correlated with QOL(Skindex-29, DLQI) but not significant, meanwhile subjective SCORAD were significantly and positively correlated with QOL(Skindex-29, DLQI). 6. By analyzing the correlation between the severity of AD and economic impact, Objective SCORAD were significantly and positively correlated with direct cost and indirect cost. Also, EASI were significantly and positively correlated with direct cost and oriental medical hospital visits. Conclusions : The above results show that the QOL of the patients with atopic dermatitis is significantly related to their disease severity. Atopic dermatitis patients pay 583,200 won a month, and the economic impact of the patients is significantly related to their disease severity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.398-403
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is accompanied by disruption of the epidermal lipid barrier, of which ceramide (Cer) is the major component. Recently it was reported that vitamin C is essential for de novo synthesis of Cer in the epidermis and that the level of vitamin C in plasma is decreased in AD. The objective of this study was to determine the associations among clinical severity, vitamin C in either plasma or epidermis, and Cer in the epidermis of patients with AD. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 17 patients (11 male and 6 female) aged 20-42 years were enrolled. The clinical severity of AD was assessed according to the SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) system. Levels of vitamin C were determined in plasma and biopsies of lesional epidermis. Levels of epidermal lipids, including Cer, were determined from tape-stripped lesional epidermis. RESULTS: The clinical severity of patients ranged between 0.1 and 45 (mild to severe AD) based on the SCORAD system. As the SCORAD score increased, the level of vitamin C in the plasma, but not in the epidermis, decreased, and levels of total Cer and Cer2, the major Cer species in the epidermis, also decreased. There was also a positive association between level of vitamin C in the plasma and level of total Cer in the epidermis. However, levels of epidermal total lipids including triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty acid (FFA) were not associated with either SCORAD score or level of vitamin C in the plasma of all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: As the clinical severity of AD increased, level of vitamin C in the plasma and level of epidermal Cer decreased, and there was a positive association between these two parameters, implying associations among plasma vitamin C, epidermal Cer, and the clinical severity of AD.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.515-524
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• 2013

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is believed to be associated with the intake of antioxidant nutrients and fatty acids due to its immunological dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of nutrition education promoting vegetable, fruit, and fish intake on the severity of AD in children. Children with AD aged 6 months to 5 years were randomly assigned into education and control groups, and followed for 1 year. Seventy-six children completed the study (38 for control, 38 for education). The education group received education promoting the intakes of antioxidant-rich foods (vegetables, fruits) and n-3 fatty acid foods (fish). A 24-hour food recall was collected for the diet information. After education, all vegetables (p < 0.001), fruits (p < 0.01), and fish (p < 0.05) intakes per 1000 kcal increased significantly in the education group, whereas only vegetable intake increased in the control group (p < 0.001). The SCORAD index, the severity of atopic dermatitis, decreased significantly in the education group (p < 0.05). Increased consumption of dietary vitamin E was significantly associated with reduction in the SCORAD index, after adjusting for age and gender (p < 0.05). A nutritional education program to increase vegetable, fruit, and fish intake may be effective in reducing the severity of AD, and vitamin E intake may be associated with the decreased severity of AD. More controlled studies on the relationship between these intakes and severity of AD, with intensive diet and/or supplement intervention programs, are needed to obtain conclusive results.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.264-269
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• 2020

Background: Inflammatory diseases can increase the prevalence of anemia. Recent studies confirmed that the prevalence of anemia is increased by atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory disease. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the correlation between AD severity and prevalence of anemia. Methods: We used data of pediatric patients from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA-PPS-2016). We included pediatric patients (<18 years) with AD diagnosis who were prescribed medications for AD. We applied a propensity score method with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjusting for differences in prevalence of confounders and performed IPTW logistic regression to evaluate associations between the anemia and severity of AD. Results: In total, 91,501 patients (mild AD: 47,054 patients; moderate-to-severe AD: 44,447 patients) <18 years who were prescribed drugs for AD were analyzed. Analysis of the probability of patients with mild AD and prevalence of anemia as a reference revealed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.159 (95% CI, 1.109-1.212; p<0.001) in moderate-to-severe AD patients, indicating a correlation between anemia prevalence and AD severity. Subgroup analysis according to gender, age group, and type of health insurance revealed there was an association between AD severity and anemia except in patients equal or older than 7 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia increased with AD severity despite adjusting for confounding factors. Our results support the hypothesis that AD can cause anemia, and anemia prevalence could be increased in severe AD patients. Further studies are needed to establish a pathological basis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.296-303
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• 2006

Introduction : Atopic dermatitis(AD) is chronic eczematous dermatitis which is related strongly to a family history of atopic disease and hereditary disposition. Adolescence and adult atopic dermatitis (AAD) patients have been overlooked because they were relatively small population and AAD were considered merely consecutive of infant and childhood AD. Objective : The purpose of this study was to estimate the efficacy of oriental medical treatment and management on chromic AAD with nummular eczema and breast eczema. Methods : We tented this case with herb-medication, herb-irrigation, acupuncture, negative therapy, full spectrum visible lay therapy (by carbon arc) and external application (SA1, Siwon Ilhwang-Go). We observed for 7 months. Results : The grades of the severity of AD with nummular eczema, breast eczema were lower only by the oriental medical treatments and managements. Conclusion : Considering the above results, more study is needed on the case with AAD with diffuse nummular eczema, effectiveness of external application and correlation between immunological and results of oriental media treatments.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.219-224
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• 2005

Atopic Dermatitis has a number of characteristic symptoms, including itchy red spots and acute rashes that can ooze fluid and/or crust over. Currently, no cure exists as the fundamental cause of Atopic Dermatitis is not yet known. In this paper, the author reports on a case study in which Atopic Dermatitis patients are successfully treated by way of sweating. The described treatment method, called Poison Extraction Method, takes advantage of medical benefits of perspiring in hot bath or sauna. It assumes that the chronic symptoms suffered by Atopic Dermatitis patients are largely due to overuse of steroid-based ointments and attempts to extract resulting toxic elements by having patients sweat in either a hot bath or sauna or both. The exact prescription for sweating depends on the severity of the symptoms of individual patients. The described treatment has been successfully tested in a clinical trial, which we report in this paper.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.2 s.33
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• pp.213-229
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• 2007

Objective : This study investigated results of treatment of Atopic Dermatitis(AD) patients diagnosed as damp-heat type with herbal medicine and wet dreesing. Method : Six AD subjects diagnosed as damp-heat type were selected from the outpatient department of East-West Neo Medical Center in the period of Dec. 2006 to Feb. 2007. Each subject was treated with herbal medicine and wet dressing. Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD) was used to evaluate the effect of treatment and pictures were taken of the Atopic dermatitis lesions. Result & Conclusion : We observed improvement on SCORAD score, especially intensity score of damp-heat type when they were treated with herbal medicine and wet dressing. However, it is less effective and AD often recurs in case of chronic adult-type AD. In addition, nipple eczema in some patients has showed a tendency to improve slowly and recur easily compared to other lesions.